A.
Standard full weight wrought iron, galvanized iron,
steel or brass pipe, or approved brass or copper tubing, shall be
used throughout. Underground piping shall be galvanized or equivalent.
B.
Pipe used in installation of domestic-type burners
shall not be smaller than three-eighths-inch iron pipe size; pipe
used in the installation of industrial-type burners shall not be smaller
than one-half-inch iron pipe size. Suction lines for equipment burning
grades No. 5 and No. 6 oil shall not be less than one-and-one-half-inch
iron pipe size to within 30 inches of the pump or burner. Copper or
brass tubing used in the installation of domestic-type burners where
the oil flows by gravity from the tank to the burners shall not be
smaller in size than three-eighths-inch outside diameter, forty-nine-thousandths-inch
wall thickness tubing. For other than domestic installations, such
copper or brass tubing shall not be smaller than three-eighths-inch
inside diameter, forty-nine-thousandths-inch wall thickness tubing.
For industrial-type burners such copper or brass tubing shall not
be smaller in size than the equivalent of the iron pipe size mentioned
above, with wall thickness not less than forty-nine-thousandths-inch.
Piping shall be rigidly secured in place and
protected from injury in a workmanlike manner and, where necessary,
shall be protected against corrosion. Where practicable, oil piping
shall be buried underground or in a concrete floor or placed in a
metal-covered pipe trench.
Unions shall be ground-type conical seating
with faces of metal. Flanged or packed joints shall not be used. Compression
fittings shall not be permitted for joints made on copper tubing.
Valves shall be constructed so that the stem
cannot be withdrawn by continual operation of hand wheel. The packing
gland shall be provided with a separate shouldered unthreaded follower
having a beveled contact space for the compression of the packing.
All threaded joints shall be made with litharge
and glycerine, shellac or other approved compound, free from leaks
and made up so as to form an adequate joint.
Proper allowance shall be made for expansion,
contraction, jarring and vibration. Pipe lines, other than tubing,
connected to underground tanks, except fill lines and test wells,
shall be provided with double swing joints arranged to permit the
tank to settle without impairing the efficiency of the pipe connections.
Oil supply lines to burners shall be provided
with approved strainers.
Gas pilot supply piping shall be provided with
an approved shut-off valve and with an approved properly vented gas
pressure regulator.
Fused valves of approved type shall be installed
in oil supply lines at each tank and within six inches of each burner.
In the case of underground tanks, the fused valve shall be located
at the highest point visible in the suction line.
Oil storage tanks on the inside of any building shall be located in the lowest story, cellar or basement Total aboveground storage, either inside or outside of any building, on any premises shall be limited to 550 gallons, but not more than 275 gallons shall be permitted in any one storage tank. On multiple-tank installations, approved type check valves shall be provided to prevent cross flow between tanks. Design of check valves that are acceptable will include ball check valves, vertical life check valves and swing check valves, that when in closed position the angle shall be no less than 45° from the vertical. The fill pipe on multiple installations shall be so arranged that both tanks will fill equally and the vent pipe shall extend well above cross-connections between tanks to prevent air binding when filling, and shall meet the requirements of § 293-62.
Tanks shall be constructed of galvanized iron
or basic open hearth steel or wrought iron, not less than fourteen-gauge,
or other material of equal strength and durability. All joints shall
be welded or riveted. The tanks shall be reinforced with a welded
or riveted pad or flange where connections are made. All tanks shall
be made tight and tested at five pounds of air pressure and with soapy
water without showing leaks.
Tanks shall have rigid and incombustible support
and shall not be located less than five feet, measured horizontally,
from any fire or flame and shall be placed on an incombustible floor.
Each tank shall be provided with an approved
type gauging device so that the fuel oil content of the tank may be
determined at all times. Glass gauging devices, or any others, the
breaking or derangement of which would permit the escape of oil, shall
not be used.
Fuel oil shall not be forced from storage tanks
by positive air pressure.
Underground tanks and storage tanks inside buildings
shall be filled only through fill pipes terminating outside of buildings
at a point at least two feet from any building opening at the same
or lower level. Fill terminals shall be closed tight, when not in
use, by a metal cover designed to prevent tampering. The fill pipe
for such tank or tanks shall be iron or steel not less than 1 1/2
inches in diameter.
All storage tanks for fuel oil shall be provided
with a vent pipe not less than 1/2 the diameter of the fill pipe opening
and in no case less than 1 1/4 inch iron pipe size in diameter.
A.
The vent pipe shall be directly connected into the
top of the tank and shall not be interconnected with lines used for
other purposes. It shall not extend more than one inch inside the
top of the tank.
B.
Vent pipes shall terminate outside of the building
at least eight feet above the grade, securely supported at least 18
inches above the tank fill connection, and at least two feet measured
horizontally or vertically from any building opening. The vent opening
shall be protected by a return bend, hood or other fitting protected
with an eight-by-eight corrosion-resistant screen to minimize the
entry of foreign matter. Vent pipes shall maintain a pitch downward
toward the tank of at least 1/4 inch per horizontal foot to prevent
pocketing of liquid.
C.
The vent pipe from two tanks of 275 gallons may be
connected to one upright, provided that they be connected to a point
at least three inches above the lowest horizontal run of fill pipe.
D.
Vent pipes shall not be cross-connected with fill
pipes or return lines from burners.
Fill and vent pipes shall not be run through
windows or coal chutes unless such openings are totally enclosed with
noncombustible materials.
Except as otherwise permitted in this chapter,
the storage of fuel oil in excess of 550 gallons shall be outside
of any building in underground tanks.
A.
Tanks located underground shall be placed in a position
so that the top of the tank is at least two feet below the surface
of the ground and below the level of the lowest pipe leading into
the building, provided that tanks under driveways shall be protected
by suitable reinforced concrete slabs. Tanks may be buried 16 inches
below grade, with a cover of one foot of earth and a reinforced concrete
slab of not less than four inches of thickness. The slab shall be
set on a firm, well-tamped earth foundation and shall extend at least
one foot beyond the tank in all directions.
B.
Tanks may be permitted underneath a building if buried
at least two feet below the lowest floor, or may be placed 16 inches
below the lowest floor and covered with 12 inches of earth and four
inches of reinforced concrete.
C.
Where it is impractical to bury tanks, the Department
may allow them to be installed inside a building when completely encased
in six inches of reinforced concrete and six inches of sand. Access
openings in the top of such enclosures may be permitted upon specific
approval of the Department. Storage in such installations shall not
exceed 5,000 gallons for any one premises.
D.
Underground tanks shall not be located within two
feet of a private property line or a basement or pit lower than the
top of such tanks, unless such tanks are completely encased in six
inches of concrete of a one, three and five mixture.
E.
Underground tanks shall be set on a firm foundation,
supported so that bearing stresses are uniformly distributed and surrounded
with clean sand, well tamped into place. Where necessary to prevent
floating, they shall be securely anchored or weighted.
F.
Measuring devices on tanks beneath buildings and previously
described encased tanks shall be of an approved wall gauge type. Gauge
stick openings located inside any building are expressly prohibited.
G.
Tanks underground and vaulted tanks shall be provided
with a clean-out connection, which shall be not less than 3/4 inch
pipe, extending within 1 1/2 inches from the bottom of the tank
to outside the building. This connection shall be properly capped.
A.
Gravity feed shall be used only with burners arranged
to prevent abnormal discharge of oil at the burner by automatic means
specifically approved for the burner with which it is used.
B.
Gravity flow of fuel oil from tank to burner is permitted
when each tank does not exceed 275 gallons' capacity. Tanks of larger
capacity, where permitted, shall discharge oil by suction through
top of tank.
A.
Storage and auxiliary tanks shall be securely supported
by substantial incombustible supports to prevent settling or sliding.
B.
Where a pump is installed between the storage tank
and an auxiliary tank, means shall be provided so as to return any
surplus oil to the storage tank or other approved means shall be provided
to prevent overflow of the auxiliary tank.
Fuel oil drums as hereinbefore defined shall
be of metal of not less than eighteen-gauge and shall be equipped
with a suitable hand pump or approved self-closing faucet. Said fuel
oil drums may be stored in any garage or building on the ground floor
only. Fuel oil storage for use with oil-burning space heaters shall
be limited to two fifty-five-gallon drums inside of any buildings,
or not more than one two-hundred-seventy-five-gallon tank outside
of any building, where properly vented and provided with a hand pump.
The use of faucets on drums or tanks stored inside of buildings is
prohibited.
A.
The metal used in all tanks shall be of a minimum
gauge, U.S. Standard, depending upon the capacity or size as given
in the following table:
|
Capacity
(gallons)
|
Thickness of Material
| |
|---|---|---|
|
1 to 285
|
14 gauge
| |
|
286 to 560
|
12 gauge
| |
|
561 to 1,100
|
10 gauge
| |
|
1,101 to 4,000
|
7 gauge
| |
|
4,001 to 12,000
|
1/4 inch
| |
|
12,001 to 20,000
|
5/16 inch
| |
|
20,001 to 30,000
|
3/8 inch
|
B.
All such tanks shall be welded or riveted, and shall
be heavily coated outside with asphaltum or other rust-resisting material.
All tanks and underground piping attached thereto shall be tested
for leakage and shall be tight at five pounds of air pressure. All
tanks having a capacity in excess of 275 gallons and all tanks for
underground installation shall bear the Underwriter's label.
C.
For fuel oil heavier than 35° A.P.I., tanks may
be made of concrete, in accordance with the standards of the National
Board of Fire Underwriter's for the construction of concrete fuel
oil storage tanks as recommended by the National Fire Protection Association,
with special permission of the Department.
Fuel oil return lines shall be provided with
a check valve where the return line extends below the top of the tank.
Preheating of oil, where necessary, shall be
done by steam, hot water, or approved electric heaters. Heaters shall
be substantially constructed with all joints made oil tight. Thermometers
shall be installed at suitable locations to indicate the temperature
of the heated oil. Heaters shall be by-passed or provided with suitable
means to prevent abnormal pressure. Positive means must be provided
to prevent introduction of oil or other liquid harmful to boiler operations
into the boiler.
Oil burners shall be securely installed in a
workmanlike manner, in accordance with the instructions of the manufacturer,
by qualified mechanics experienced in making such installations.
A.
Where old burners are installed in furnaces originally
designed for solid fuel, the ash door of the furnace shall be removed
or bottom ventilation otherwise provided to prevent the accumulation
of vapors in the ash pit, unless the burner is of a type which mechanically
purges the ash pit.
B.
Boilers and furnaces in which oil burners are installed
shall be connected to flues having sufficient draft at all times to
assure safe operation of the burner. Smoke pipe dampers, if any, shall
be removed or locked in the desired position. All check drafts must
be closed at all times.
C.
Contractors installing industrial oil burner systems
shall furnish diagrams showing the main oil lines and controlling
valves, one of which shall be posted near the oil-burner equipment
and another at some point which will be accessible in the case of
fire at the burners.
D.
Immediately upon the installation of the tanks and
concealed piping of an oil-burner installation, the installer thereof
shall notify the Inspector that said tanks and piping are ready for
inspection, by registering the number of the permit and the location
of the work in the inspection register book kept for that purpose
in the office of the Inspector, and it shall be unlawful for any person
to cover up any such tanks or piping until the same shall have been
inspected and approved by said Inspector.
Abandoned fuel oil tanks shall be removed; except
that such tanks may be allowed to remain, provided that all fuel oil
is removed from the tank, the gravity draw-off is securely capped
or plugged at the tank, the fill pipe is plugged or capped inside
the building, with the section extending outside the building removed,
and the vent pipe is not altered. Abandoned outside fuel oil tanks
shall be completely filled with water.
