[Adopted 4-8-1974 by L.L. No. 1-1974 (Ch. 103, Art. II of
the 1975 Code)]
A.Â
Responsibility of Superintendent of Public Works. The Superintendent
of Public Works of the Village of Farmingdale, or his designated agent,
shall inspect the plumbing in every building or premises in the Village
as frequently as in his judgment may be necessary to ensure that such
plumbing has been installed in such a manner as to prevent the possibility
of pollution of the water supply of the Village by the plumbing. The
Superintendent of Public Works shall notify or cause to be notified,
in writing, the owner or authorized agent of the owner of any such
building or premises to correct, within a reasonable time set by the
Superintendent of Public Works, any plumbing installed or existing
contrary to or in violation of this article, and which in his judgment
may, therefore, permit the pollution of the Village water supply or
otherwise adversely affect the public health.
B.Â
Inspection. The Superintendent of Public Works, or his designated
agent, shall have the right of entry into any building, during reasonable
hours, for the purpose of making inspection of the plumbing systems
installed in such building or premises, provided that with respect
to the inspection of any one-family dwelling, consent to such inspection
shall first be obtained from a person of suitable age and discretion
therein or in control thereof.
As used in this article, the following terms shall have the
meanings indicated:
The department of the municipal government invested with
the authority and responsibility for the enactment and enforcement
of this article.
The unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere
between the lowest opening from any pipe or faucet supplying water
to a tank, plumbing fixture or other device and the flood-level rim
of the receptacle.
Accepted by the agency as meeting an applicable specification
stated or cited in this article, or as suitable for the proposed use.
Any water source or system other than the potable water supply
that may be available in the building or premises.
The flow of water or other liquids, mixtures or substances
into the distributing pipes of a potable supply of water from any
source or sources other than its intended source. Backsiphonage is
one type of backflow.
A device or means to prevent backflow.
Backflow resulting from negative pressures in the distributing
pipes of a potable water supply.
A loop of pipe rising at least 35 feet, at its topmost point,
above the highest fixture it supplies.
A self-closing device which is designed to permit the flow
of fluids in one direction and to close if there is a reversal of
flow.
See "pollution."
Any physical connection between a potable water supply and
any waste pipe, soil pipe, sewer, drain or any unapproved source or
system. Furthermore, "cross-connection" is any potable water supply
outlet which is submerged or can be submerged in wastewater and/or
any other source of contamination. See "backflow" and "backsiphonage."
Any pipe that carries wastewater or waterborne wastes in
a building drainage system.
Installed receptacles, devices or appliances supplied with
water or that receive or discharge liquids or liquidborne wastes.
The edge of the receptacle from which water overflows.
Any conditions, devices or practices in the water supply
system and its operation which create or, in the judgment of the Superintendent
of Public Works, may create a danger to the health and well-being
of the water consumer. An example of a "health hazard" is a structural
defect in the water supply system, whether of location, design or
construction, that regularly or occasionally may prevent satisfactory
purification of the water supply or cause it to be polluted from extraneous
sources.
Any arrangement of plumbing, including piping and fixtures,
whereby a cross-connection is created.
A pressure vessel in which air pressure acts upon the surface
of the water contained within the vessel, pressurizing the water distribution
piping connected to the vessel.
The open end of the water supply pipe through which the water
is discharged into the plumbing fixture.
Includes the water supply and distribution pipes, plumbing
fixtures, and traps; soil, waste and vent pipes; building drains and
building sewers, including their respective connections, devices and
appurtenances within the property lines of the premises; and water-treating
or water-using equipment.
The presence of any foreign substance (organic, inorganic,
radiological or biological) in water that tends to degrade its quality
so as to constitute a hazard or impair the usefulness of the water.
An assembly of differential valves and check valves, including
an automatically opened spillage port to the atmosphere, designed
to prevent backflow.
The receiving, nonpressure vessel forming part of the air
gap separation between a potable and an auxiliary supply.
Any pressure less than that exerted by the atmosphere.
A vacuum breaker designed so as not to be subjected to static
line pressure.
A vacuum breaker designed to operate under conditions of
static line pressure.
Water that is not safe for human consumption or that is of
questionable potability.
Water free from impurities in amounts sufficient to cause
disease or harmful physiological effects. Its bacteriological and
chemical quality shall conform to the requirements of the Public Health
Service drinking water standards or to the regulations of the public
health authority having jurisdiction.
A.Â
General. A potable water supply system shall be designed, installed
and maintained in such manner as to prevent contamination from nonpotable
liquids, solids or gases from being introduced into the potable water
supply through cross-connections or any other piping connections to
the system.
B.Â
Cross-connections prohibited. Cross-connections between potable water
systems and other systems or equipment containing water or other substances
of unknown or questionable safety are prohibited except when and where,
as approved by the authority having jurisdiction, suitable protective
devices, such as the reduced-pressure-zone backflow preventer or equal,
are installed, tested and maintained to ensure proper operation on
a continuing basis.
C.Â
Interconnections. Interconnection between two or more public water
supplies shall be permitted only with the approval of the health authority
having jurisdiction.
D.Â
Individual water supplies. Cross-connections between an individual
water supply and a potable public supply shall not be made unless
specifically approved by the health authority having jurisdiction.
E.Â
Connections to boilers. Potable water connections to boilers shall
be made through an air gap or provided with an approved backflow preventer.
F.Â
Prohibited connections to fixtures and equipment. Connection to the potable water supply system for the following is prohibited unless protected against backflow in accordance with Subsection H or as set out herein.
(1)Â
Bidets.
(2)Â
Operating, dissection, embalming and mortuary tables or similar equipment.
In such installation the hose used for water supply shall terminate
at least 12 inches away from every point of the table or attachments.
(3)Â
Pumps for nonpotable water, chemicals or other substances. Priming
connections may be made only through an air gap.
(4)Â
Building drainage, sewer or vent systems.
(5)Â
Any other fixture of similar hazard.
G.Â
Refrigerating unit condensers and cooling jackets. Except where potable
water provided for a refrigerator condenser or cooling jacket is entirely
outside the piping or tank containing a toxic refrigerant, the inlet
connection shall be provided with an approved check valve. Also adjacent
to and at the outlet side of the check valve, an approved pressure
relief valve set to relieve at five pounds per square inch above the
maximum water pressure at the point of installation shall be provided
if the refrigeration units contain more than 20 pounds of refrigerants.
H.Â
Protection against backflow and backsiphonage.
(1)Â
Water outlets. A potable water system shall be protected against
backflow and backsiphonage by providing and maintaining at each outlet:
(2)Â
Minimum required air gap.
(a)Â
How measured. The minimum required air gap shall be measured
vertically from the lowest end of a potable water outlet to the flood
rim or line of the fixture or receptacle into which it discharges.
(b)Â
Size. The minimum required air gap shall be twice the effective
opening of a potable water outlet unless the outlet is a distance
less than three times the effective opening away from a wall or similar
vertical surface, in which case the minimum required air gap shall
be three times the effective opening of the outlet. In no case shall
the minimum required air gap be less than shown in the following table.
|
Minimum Air Gaps for Generally Used Plumbing Fixtures
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|---|---|---|---|
|
Minimum Air Gap
(inches)
| |||
|
Fixture
|
When Not Affected by Near Wall1
|
When Affected by Near Wall2
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|
Lavatories and other fixtures with effective openings not greater
than 1/2 inch diameter
|
1.0
|
1.50
| |
|
Sink, laundry trays, gooseneck bath faucets and other fixtures
with effective openings not greater than 3/4 inch diameter
|
1.5
|
2.25
| |
|
Over-rim bath fillers and other fixtures with effective openings
not greater than 1 inch diameter
|
2.0
|
3.0
| |
|
Drinking water fountains, single orifice 7/16 (0.437) inch diameter,
or multiple orifices having total area of 0.150 square inch (area
of circle 7/16 inch diameter)
|
1.0
|
1.50
| |
|
Effective openings greater than 1 inch
|
3
|
4
| |
|
NOTES:
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|
1
|
Side walls, ribs or similar obstructions do not affect air gaps
when spaced from the inside edge of the spout opening a distance greater
than three times the diameter of the effective opening for a single
wall, or a distance greater than four times the diameter of the effective
opening for two intersecting walls.
| |
|
2
|
Vertical walls, ribs or similar obstructions extending from
the water surface to or above the horizontal plane of the spout opening
require a greater air gap when spaced closer to the nearest inside
edge of the spout opening than specified in Note 1 above. The effect
of three or more such vertical walls or ribs has not been determined.
In such cases, the air gap shall be measured from the top of the wall.
| |
|
3
|
Two times the diameter of the effective opening.
| |
|
4
|
Three times the diameter of the effective opening.
| |
(3)Â
Approval of devices.
(a)Â
Before any device for the prevention of backflow or backsiphonage
is installed, it shall have first been certified by a recognized testing
laboratory acceptable to the Superintendent of Public Works. Devices
installed in a building potable water supply distribution system for
protection against backflow shall be maintained in good working condition
by the person or persons responsible for the maintenance of the system.
(4)Â
Installation of devices.
(a)Â
Vacuum breakers. Vacuum breakers shall be installed with the
critical level at least six inches above the flood level rim of the
fixtures they serve and on the discharge side of the last control
valve to the fixture. No shutoff valve or faucet shall be installed
beyond the vacuum breaker. For closed equipment or vessels such as
pressure sterilizers, the top of the vessel shall be treated as the
flood-level rim, but a check valve shall be installed on the discharge
side of the vacuum breaker.
(b)Â
Reduced-pressure principle backflow preventer. A reduced-pressure
principle-type backflow preventer may be installed, subject to full
static pressure.
(c)Â
Devices of all types. Backflow and backsiphonage preventing
devices shall be accessibly located, preferably in the same room with
the fixture they serve. Installation in utility or service spaces,
provided they are readily accessible, is also permitted.
(5)Â
Tanks and vats: below-rim supply.
(a)Â
Where a potable water outlet terminates below the rim of a tank
or vat and the tank or vat has an overflow of diameter not less than
given in the following table, the overflow pipe shall be provided
with an air gap as close to the tank as possible.
|
Sizes of Overflow Pipes for Water Supply Tanks
| ||
|---|---|---|
|
Maximum Capacity of Water Supply Line to Tank
(gallons per minute)
|
Diameter of Overflow Pipe
(inches ID)
| |
|
0 to 50
|
2
| |
|
50 to 150
|
2Â 1/2
| |
|
100 to 200
|
3
| |
|
200 to 400
|
4
| |
|
400 to 700
|
5
| |
|
700 to 1,000
|
6
| |
|
Over 1,000
|
8
| |
(b)Â
The potable water outlet to the tank or vat shall terminate
a distance not less than 1Â 1/2 times the height to which water
can rise in the tank above the top of the overflow. This level shall
be established at the maximum flow rate of the supply to the tank
or vat and with all outlets except the air-gap overflow outlet closed.
(c)Â
The distance from the outlet to the high-water level shall be
measured from the critical point of the potable water supply outlet.
(6)Â
Protective devices required. Approved devices to protect against
backflow and backsiphonage shall be installed at all fixtures and
equipment where backflow and/or backsiphonage may occur and where
a minimum air gap cannot be provided between the water outlet to the
fixture or equipment and its flood-level rim.
(a)Â
Connections not subject to backpressure. Where a water connection
is not subject to backpressure, a vacuum breaker shall be installed
on the discharge side of the last valve on the line serving the fixture
or equipment. A list of some conditions requiring protective devices
of this kind is given in the following table.
|
Cross-Connections Where Protective Devices Are Required,
and Critical Level (C-L) Settings for Vacuum Breakers1
| ||
|---|---|---|
|
Fixture or Equipment
|
Method of Installation
| |
|
Aspirators and ejectors
|
C-L at least 6 inches above flood level of receptacle served.
| |
|
Dental units
|
On models without built-in vacuum breakers, C-L at least 6 inches
above flood-level rim of bowl.
| |
|
Dishwashing machines
|
C-L at least 6 inches above flood level of machine. Install
on both hot and cold water supply line.
| |
|
Flushometers (closet and urinal)
|
C-L at least 6 inches above top of fixture supplies.
| |
|
Garbage-can cleaning machine
|
C-L at least 6 inches above flood level of machine. Install
on both hot and cold water supply lines.
| |
|
Hose outlets
|
C-L at least 6 inches above highest point on hose line.
| |
|
Laundry machines
|
C-L at least 6 inches above flood level of machine. Install
on both hot and cold water supply lines.
| |
|
Lawn sprinklers
|
C-L at least 12 inches above highest sprinkler or discharge
outlet.
| |
|
Steam tables
|
C-L at least 6 inches above flood level.
| |
|
Tanks and vats
|
C-L at least 6 inches above flood-level rim or line.
| |
|
Trough urinals
|
C-L at least 30 inches above perforated flush pipe.
| |
|
Flush tanks
|
Equip with approved ball cock. Where ball cocks touch tank water,
equip with vacuum breaker at least 1 inch above overflow outlets.
Where ball cock does not touch tank water, install ball cock outlet
at least 1 inch above overflow outlet or provide vacuum breaker as
specified above.
| |
|
Hose bibbs (where aspirators or ejectors could be connected)
|
C-L at least 6 inches above flood level of receptacle served.
| |
|
NOTES:
| |
|
1 "Critical level" (C-L) is defined
as the level to which the vacuum breaker may be submerged before backflow
will occur. Where the C-L is not shown on the preventer, the bottom
of the device shall be taken as the C-L.
|
(b)Â
Connections subject to backpressure. Where a potable water connection
is made to a line, fixture, tank, vat, pump or other equipment with
a hazard of backflow or backsiphonage where the water connection is
subject to backpressure and an air gap cannot be installed, the Superintendent
of Public Works may require the use of an approved reduced-pressure
principle backflow preventer. A partial list of such connections is
shown in the following table.
|
Partial List of Cross-Connections Which May Be Subject
to Backpressure
| |
|
Chemical lines
| |
|
Dock water outlets
| |
|
Individual water supplies
| |
|
Industrial process water lines
| |
|
Pressure tanks
| |
|
Pumps
| |
|
Steam lines
| |
|
Swimming pools
| |
|
Tanks and vats: bottom inlets
| |
|
Hose bibbs
|
(7)Â
Barometric loop. Water connections where an actual or potential backsiphonage hazard exists may, in lieu of devices specified in Subsection H(6), be provided with a barometric loop. Barometric loops shall precede the point of connection.
(8)Â
Double check-double gate valves. The Superintendent of Public Works
may authorize installation of approved, double check-double gate valve
assemblies with test cocks as protective devices against backflow
in connections between a potable water system and other fluid systems
which present no significant health hazard in the judgment of the
Superintendent of Public Works.
(9)Â
Low-pressure cutoff required on booster pumps. When a booster pump
is used on a water pressure booster system and the possibility exists
that a positive pressure of 10 pounds per square inch or less may
occur on the suction side of the pump, there shall be installed a
low-pressure cutoff on the booster pump to prevent the creation of
a vacuum or negative pressure on the suction side of the pump, thus
cutting off water to other outlets.
A.Â
General requirements. It shall be the responsibility of building
and premises owners to maintain all backflow preventers and vacuum
breakers within the building or on the premises in good working order
and to make no piping or other arrangements for the purpose of bypassing
backflow devices.
B.Â
Backflow preventers. Periodic testing and inspection schedules shall
be established by the Superintendent of Public Works for all backflow
preventers, and the interval between such testing and inspections
and overhauls of each device shall be established in accordance with
the age and condition of the device. Inspection intervals should not
exceed one year, and overhaul intervals should not exceed five years.
These devices should be inspected frequently after the initial installation
to assure that they have been installed properly and that debris resulting
from the installation has not interfered with the functioning of the
device. The testing procedures shall be in accordance with the manufacturer's
instructions when approved by the Superintendent of Public Works.
A.Â
Notification of violation. The Superintendent of Public Works shall
notify the owner, or authorized agent of the owner, of the building
or premises in which there is found a violation of this article, of
such violation. The Superintendent of Public Works shall set a reasonable
time for the owner to have the violation removed or corrected. Upon
the failure of the owner to have the defect corrected by the end of
the specified time interval, the Superintendent of Public Works may,
if in his judgment an imminent health hazard exists, cause the water
service to the building or premises to be terminated and/or recommend
such additional fines or penalties to be invoked as herein may be
provided.
B.Â
Fines. The owner or authorized agent of the owner responsible for the maintenance of the plumbing systems in the building who knowingly permits a violation to remain uncorrected after the expiration of time set by the Superintendent of Public Works shall, upon conviction thereof by the court, be required to pay a fine of not more than $250 or 15 days' imprisonment, or both, for each violation. Each day of failure to comply with the requirements of the local law, after the specified time provided under Subsection A above, shall constitute a separate violation.[1]
