A. 
Existing parking. Structures and uses in existence at the date of adoption of this chapter shall not be subject to the requirements of this Part 17 so long as the use is not changed, provided that any parking facilities now serving such structures or uses shall not in the future be reduced below such requirements.
B. 
Change in requirements. Whenever there is an alteration of a structure or a change or expansion of a use which increases the gross floor area of the existing structure by 30% or more, the total additional parking required for the alteration, change or extension shall be provided in addition to an adequate number of new spaces in order that the minimum standard for spaces is met for the entire site or parcel. Where the alteration or expansion is less than 30%, required parking shall be provided to accommodate such alteration or expansion.
C. 
Conflict with other uses. No parking area shall be used for any use that interferes with its availability for the parking need it is required to serve, except that it may be used for a stormwater retention basin of a maximum depth of six inches.
D. 
Continuing character of obligation. All required facilities shall be provided and maintained so long as the use exists which the facilities were designed to serve. Off-street parking facilities shall not be reduced in total extent after their provision except upon the approval of the Zoning Officer and then only after proof that, by reason of diminution in floor area, seating area, the number of employees, or change in other factors controlling the regulation of the number of parking spaces, such reduction is in conformity with the requirements of this Part 19. Reasonable precautions shall be taken by the owner or sponsor of particular uses to assure the availability of required facilities to the uses they are designed to serve. Such facilities shall be designed and used in such a manner as to at no time constitute a nuisance, a hazard, or an unreasonable impediment to traffic.
E. 
Joint use.
(1) 
Two or more uses may provide for required parking in a common parking lot if the total number of spaces provided is not less than the sum of the spaces required for each use individually.
(2) 
Shared parking. Shared parking is permitted for development containing multiple principal uses or establishments notwithstanding and in accordance with § 27-1702 for off-site parking, where the minimum spaces in the lot utilizing such is computed as follows and in accordance with the following table:
(a) 
Determine the minimum parking requirements in accordance with the table in § 27-1702 for each land use as if it were a separate use;
(b) 
Multiply each amount by the corresponding percentages for each of the five time periods set forth in Columns A through D of the table in Subsection E(2)(e), "Calculating Parking for Mixed-Use Developments";
(c) 
Calculate the total parking demand for each time period;
(d) 
Select the column with the highest total and use this number as the required minimum number of parking spaces.
(e) 
Table for calculating parking for mixed-use developments:
Calculating Parking for Mixed-Use Developments
Weekday
Weekend
A
B
C
D
Use
Daytime
Evening
Daytime
Evening
Office/industrial
100%
10%
10%
5%
Retail
60%
90%
100%
70%
Hotel
75%
100%
75%
100%
Restaurant
75%
100%
100%
100%
Entertainment/ recreation
40%
100%
80%
100%
The following uses and minimum required parking spaces shall be applicable:
Use
Requirement
Adult-oriented business
Determined as per parking study
Amusement establishment
1 per 200 square feet of gross floor area, plus 1 per employee on peak shift
Automobile sales and rental
1 per 200 feet of showroom area, plus 1 per employee on peak shift, provided that a space is provided for each vehicle on display in addition to the preceding
Automobile service
1 space per 250 feet of gross floor area
Bank
1 per 250 feet of gross floor area
Banquet facility
1 for every 3 1/2 seats for areas with fixed seating, plus 1 for each 100 square feet of assembly area or display area without fixed seating, plus 1 for every 2 employees on peak shift
Bed-and-breakfast
2 spaces, plus 1 space per guest bedroom
Bulk fuel storage
3 spaces, plus 1 per employee on peak shift
Catering services
1 per 350 square feet of gross floor area
Cemetery
Determined as per parking study
Child day-care home
4 spaces
Church
1 for every 4 seats in places of assembly
Commercial car wash
4 stacking spaces per either bay (self-serve car wash) or 4 standard parking spaces per bay, plus 1 space per employee on peak shift for full-serve car wash
Commercial recreation facility
Determined as per parking study
Communications tower
2 spaces
Contractor's storage yard
2 spaces, plus 1 per employee on peak shift
Convenience store
1 per 150 square feet of gross floor area
Correctional institution
Determined as per parking study
Day-care center
1 for each teacher, administrator or employee on a peak shift, plus 1 for every 6 persons based on regulated maximum capacity
Distribution center
1 per employee on peak shift, plus 1 per 200 square feet of gross floor area used for office or administrative functions
Dwelling, duplex
2 per dwelling unit
Dwelling, multifamily
1.5 per dwelling unit
Dwelling, single-family detached
2 per dwelling unit
Dwelling, townhouse
2 per dwelling unit
Flexible use development
Determined by establishment types specified in the remainder of this table
Gas or service station
Parking or storage space for all vehicles used directly in the conduct of the business, plus 1 parking space for each gas pump, 3 spaces for each grease rack or similar facility, and 1 space for every 2 persons employed on the premises at maximum employment on a single shift
General rental center
1 per 250 square feet of gross floor area
Greenhouse
1 1/2 for every 1,000 square feet of gross floor area
Group care facility
1 for every 4 beds, plus 1 for each staff position during the peak shift
Group home
1 per 3 residents and 1 per caregiver on peak shift
Group residential
Determined as per parking study
Heavy equipment rental/sale
1 per 200 feet of display area, plus 1 per employee on peak shift, provided that a space is provided for each vehicle on display in addition to the preceding
Heavy industrial
1 per employee on peak shift, plus 1 per 200 square feet of gross floor area used for office or administrative functions
Home occupation
2 spaces
Hotel or motel
1 per sleeping room, plus 1 per employee on peak shift. A parking study is required for other accessory functions that may serve patrons other than hotel guests
Hospital
Determined as per parking study
Indoor entertainment recreation facilities
1 off-street parking space for each 5 persons which can be accommodated at designed capacity, or at least 1 off-street parking space for each 50 square feet of gross floor area used or intended to be used for service to customers, patrons, clients, guests, or members, whichever requires the greater number of off-street parking spaces, plus 1 additional space for each employee
Junkyard
1 per employee on peak shift, plus 1 per 200 square feet of gross floor area used for office or administrative functions
Kennel
1 off-street parking space for each employee, plus 1 off-street parking space for each 8 animals in capacity
Landscaping supply center
3 off-street parking spaces for each 4 employees on the largest shift, or 1 off-street parking space for every 250 square feet of gross floor area, whichever is greater, plus 1 off-street parking space for each company vehicle normally stored on the premises
Light industrial
1 per employee on peak shift, plus 1 per 200 square feet of gross floor area used for office or administrative functions
Massage establishment
1 space per 200 feet of gross floor area
Medical clinic
2 spaces per treatment room or chair (whichever is greater) and 1 per doctor and/or employee on peak shift
Minor equipment and automotive repairs
1 space per 250 feet of gross floor area
Mobile home park
2 off-street parking spaces per dwelling unit, plus supplemental parking at a ratio of 1 off-street parking space per 6 dwelling units, to be centrally located
Municipal waste landfill
1 per employee on peak shift, plus 1 per 200 square feet of gross floor area used for office or administrative functions
Natural gas compressor station
2 spaces
Natural gas processing plant
1 per employee on peak shift, plus 1 per 200 square feet of gross floor area used for office or administrative functions
Nightclub
1 off-street parking space for each 4 square feet of net floor area devoted to seating at stools or standing area, plus 1 off-street parking space for each 50 square feet of net floor area devoted to seating at tables with chairs
Noncommercial recreation facility
1 off-street parking space for each 2,500 square feet of outdoor recreation area, or 1 off-street parking space for each 100 square feet of gross floor area used or intended to be used for service to patrons, whichever requires the greater number of off-street parking spaces, plus 1 additional space for each employee
Oil and gas well operations/impoundment areas
2 spaces
Outdoor storage
1 per employee on peak shift, plus 1 per 200 square feet of gross floor area used for office or administrative functions
Park, public or semipublic
Determined as per parking study
Personal services
1 off-street parking space for each 200 square feet of gross floor area, plus 1 additional space for every employee
Professional office
1 off-street parking space for each 250 square feet of gross floor area and for each 200 square feet of gross floor area for medical offices
Recreational farms
3 spaces for each employee on peak shift
Recreational vehicle campground
1 off-street parking space per dwelling unit, plus supplemental parking at a ratio of 1 off-street parking space per 6 dwelling units, to be centrally located
Recycling center
A minimum of 3 spaces and 1 per employee on peak shift
Restaurant
1 off-street parking space for each 75 square feet of service area, plus 1 additional off-street parking space for each employee
Retail sales and service
1 off-street parking space for each 250 square feet of gross floor area, plus 1 additional space for every employee
School
Determined as per parking study
Self-storage facilities
1 per employee on peak shift, plus 1 per 200 square feet of gross floor area used for office or administrative functions
Stable
1 off-street parking space for each employee, plus 1 off-street parking space for each 4 animals in capacity
Township facilities
Determined as per parking study
Trade or vocational school
Determined as per parking study
Truck terminal
1 per employee on peak shift, plus 1 per 200 square feet of gross floor area used for office or administrative functions
Veterinary office
4 spaces for every veterinarian and 1 space for each additional employee
Warehouse
1 per employee on peak shift, plus 1 per 200 square feet of gross floor area used for office or administrative functions
Wholesale use
1 per employee on peak shift, plus 1 per 200 square feet of gross floor area used for office or administrative functions
Wind farm
Determined as per parking study
It shall be unlawful for any person to install, construct, or reconstruct a driveway except in strict accordance with the provisions of the driveway and street access regulations contained in the Driveway and Street Access Ordinance (Chapter 21, Part 1).
A. 
The design standards specified below shall be required for all off-street parking facilities with a capacity of three or more vehicles built after the effective date of this chapter. Additional requirements and standards for vehicular parking facilities in Part 6, Design Standards, of the Subdivision and Land Development Ordinance (Chapter 22) are also applicable. Americans With Disabilities Act requirements shall dictate the number and design of handicap spaces.
B. 
The minimum dimensions of stalls and aisles shall be as follows:
(1) 
Stall width shall be at least nine feet for all parking spaces and 10 feet in width for all principal uses bearing a general use class of "Retail or Service" or "Institutional" within Part 27, Use Authorization Table, of this chapter.
(2) 
Stall depth shall be at least 18 feet for all parking spaces.
(3) 
Minimum width of aisles providing access to stalls for one-way traffic only, varying with the angle of the parking, shall be:
Angle of Parking
Minimum Aisle Width
(feet)
Parallel
12
30°
14
45°
16
60°
20
90°
24
(4) 
Minimum width of aisles providing access to stalls for two-way traffic shall be 24 feet.
(5) 
All designated fire lanes shall be a minimum of 18 feet in width and located to provide access to structures in compliance with the standards set forth in the Township Construction Code (Chapter 5, Part 1).
C. 
Parking areas shall be designed to permit each motor vehicle to proceed to and from the parking space provided for it without requiring the moving of any other motor vehicles. Parking areas shall be graded to a maximum slope of 5%.
D. 
The number and location of access drives for each lot shall comply with the requirements of the Subdivision and Land Development Ordinance (Chapter 22), including but not limited to § 22-602K(7).
E. 
In no case shall industrial or commercial parking areas be designed to require or to encourage cars to back into a public or private street in order to leave the lot.
F. 
Landscaping design for nonresidential sites shall provide a planted separation between off-site vehicle or pedestrian traffic and on-site circulation as follows:
(1) 
A planting strip which physically separates the abutting public or private street from the parking area shall be provided. The strip shall be installed and maintained in accordance with the standards of Chapter 22, Subdivision and Land Development.
(a) 
Such planting strip shall be a minimum of 10 feet in width.
(b) 
Such planting strip shall be parallel to the abutting street.
(c) 
Such planting strip shall be measured from the street right-of-way line.
(2) 
Tire bumpers or concrete curbing shall be installed in the parking area to prevent vehicle overhang of a sidewalk area.
(3) 
Where the landscaping requirements of this section or those referenced requirements within Chapter 22 conflict with the buffer yard requirements of Part 21 of this chapter, the requirements of Part 21 shall govern.
G. 
All parking areas for any purpose other than single-family residents shall be physically separated from any public or private street by a planting strip which shall be not less than 10 feet in depth. Tire bumpers or concrete curb shall be installed so as to prevent vehicle overhang of the sidewalk area. This ten-foot planting strip shall be parallel to the street line and shall be measured from the street right-of-way line.
H. 
All lighting used to illuminate required parking spaces shall be so arranged that illumination levels are consistent with the performance standards of § 27-1513. Sharp cutoff luminaries shall be used in all cases.
I. 
On land within a C or LI Zoning District which abuts any R District boundary, the maximum height of freestanding exterior lighting standards shall not exceed 17 feet. On all other parcels within the C or LI Zoning District, freestanding exterior lighting standards shall not exceed 25 feet in height.
J. 
No other exterior lighting shall exceed 25 feet in height.
Off-street loading requirements as specified below shall be provided on any lot on which a building exceeding 6,000 square feet of gross floor area for business or industry is hereafter erected.
A. 
Every retail establishment, storage warehouse or wholesale use, manufacturing or light industrial use exceeding 6,000 square feet shall have at least one off-street loading space. Where there is a combined gross floor area of 20,000 square feet or more arranged, intended or designed for such use, there shall be provided off-street truck loading or unloading berths in accordance with the following table:
Square Feet of Combined Gross Floor Area Devoted to Each Use
Required Number of Berths
6,000 up to 19,999
1
20,000 up to 49,999
2
For each additional 50,000
1 additional berth
B. 
Every auditorium, funeral home, bank, multifamily dwelling of 20 units or more, nursing home, personal storage facility, office building, hospital, restaurant, factory outlet, hotel or motel and all other nonresidential uses exceeding 6,000 square feet of gross floor area shall have at least one off-street loading space. Where there is an aggregate gross floor area of 30,000 square feet or more, arranged, intended or designed for such use, there shall be provided off-street truck loading and unloading berths in accordance with the following table:
Square Feet of Aggregate Gross Floor Area Devoted to Each Use
Required Number of Berths
6,000 up to 29,999
1
30,000 up to 49,999
2
For each additional 50,000
1 additional berth
A. 
Off-street loading facilities shall be designed to conform to the following specifications:
(1) 
Each required space shall be no less than 14 feet wide, 65 feet long and 17 feet high, exclusive of drives and maneuvering space and located entirely on the lot being served.
(2) 
There shall be appropriate means of access to a street or alley as well as adequate maneuvering space.
(3) 
The maximum width of driveways and sidewalk openings measured at the street lot line shall be 35 feet; the minimum width shall be 20 feet.
(4) 
All accessory driveways and entranceways shall be graded, surfaced and drained to the satisfaction of the Township Engineer, to the extent necessary to prevent nuisance of dust, erosion or excessive water flow across public or private ways.
(5) 
Such facilities shall be designed and used in such a manner that it will not constitute a nuisance, a hazard or an unreasonable impediment to traffic at any time.
B. 
All required loading facilities shall be provided and maintained in accordance with the following requirements:
(1) 
They shall be provided and maintained as long as the use exists which the facilities were designed to serve.
(2) 
They shall not be reduced in total extent after their provision, except when such reduction is in conformity with the requirements of this Part 17.