A.
Plumbing, heating, electrical, ventilating, air-conditioning,
refrigerating, cooking, fire-protection and radiation production equipment,
elevators, dumbwaiters, escalators and other mechanical additions,
installations or systems for the use of the building shall be installed,
located and maintained so that under normal conditions of use such
equipment and systems will not be a danger to health or welfare, a
danger because of structural defects or a source of ignition or a
radiation hazard and will not create excessive noise or otherwise
become a nuisance. Equipment and systems include, but are not limited
to, apparatus, devices, fixtures, piping, pipe hangers, pipe covering,
wiring, fittings and materials used as part of or in connection with
such installations.
B.
Equipment and systems subject to damage from freezing
shall be adequately protected against freezing.
C.
Moving parts of equipment which may be a potential
hazard shall be guarded to protect against accidental contact.
B.
Water supply.
(1)
Potable water from an approved source shall be available
at all times in residential buildings. The domestic water supply system
of the building shall be connected to such approved source and shall
not be subject to contamination. When supplied from a public source,
the potable water supply system shall not be connected to private
or unsafe water supplies.
(2)
Water supply systems shall be installed and maintained
so as to provide, at all times, a supply of water to plumbing fixtures,
devices and appurtenances in sufficient volume and at pressures adequate
to enable them to function satisfactorily and without undue noise
under all normal conditions of use.
(3)
Water supply systems shall be installed and maintained
so that water used for purposes of cooling or heating shall not be
reintroduced into the domestic water supply system nor be distributed
through such equipment to plumbing fixtures.
(4)
Hot-water supply systems shall be provided with safety
devices arranged to relieve hazardous pressures and excessive temperatures.
(5)
Separate building units shall have their own water
supply with separate curb box shutoff outside the building.
C.
Sewage drainage systems.
(1)
Plumbing fixtures shall be drained to a sewage drainage
system, and such system shall be connected to a public sewer or to
an approved system of sewage disposal.
(2)
Where a public sewer is not available, sewage or other
waste shall not be discharged into the ground or into a waterway unless
it has first been rendered harmless through subjection to treatment
in conformity with the rules and regulations of the Department of
Health.
(3)
Substances which will clog the pipes, produce explosive
mixtures, destroy the pipes or their joints or interfere unduly with
the sewage disposal process shall not be discharged into the building's
drainage system unless it is provided with approved devices suitable
for intercepting such substances.
(4)
Each fixture directly connected to the sewage drainage
system shall be equipped with a water-seal trap.
(5)
Adequate cleanouts shall be provided and maintained
so that the pipes may be readily cleaned.
(6)
The drainage system and its attendant vent piping
shall be maintained so as to provide adequate circulation of air in
all pipes, in order that siphonage, aspiration or pressure will not
cause a loss of trap seal under ordinary conditions of use.
(7)
Each vent terminal to the outer air shall be installed
and maintained so as to minimize the possibilities of clogging, frost
closure, the return of foul air to the building or the creation of
a nuisance to adjacent premises.
D.
Storm drainage.
(1)
Storm drains shall be discharged in such manner that
water will not flow onto sidewalks.
(2)
Where a drainage system may be subject to backwater,
suitable provision shall be made to prevent its overflow into the
building.
(3)
Leaders shall be constructed of material approved
in Bulletin 23, New York State Building Code, applicable to plumbing.
E.
Plumbing facilities.
(1)
Buildings and portions thereof shall be provided with
plumbing systems designed to dispose of the sewage from all fixtures
and to furnish cold water to every water closet and urinal and hot
and cold water to every sink, lavatory, bathtub and shower required
therein. In one- and two-family dwellings and in multiple dwellings,
hot water shall be furnished at a temperature range of 130º F.
to 140º F.
(2)
Plumbing fixtures within each dwelling unit shall
consist of at least one kitchen sink, one water closet, one bathtub
or shower, and one lavatory.
(3)
Where multiple dwellings contain sleeping accommodations
arranged as individual rooms, suites, lodging units or dormitory units
and the toilet rooms and bathrooms are located independent of such
rooms, suites, lodging units or dormitory units and shared by occupants,
plumbing fixtures consisting of at least one water closet, one bathtub
or shower, and one lavatory shall be provided for each multiple of
six sleeping rooms or fraction thereof for the individual rooms, suites
or lodging units and for each multiple of 15 persons or fraction thereof
for dormitory units. Bathrooms or toilet rooms in multiple dwellings
for the exclusive use of occupants of individual rooms, individual
suites and individual lodging units shall consist of at least one
water closet, one bathtub or shower, and one lavatory for each such
individual room, suite or lodging unit.
(4)
Urinals may be substituted in men's toilet rooms for
not more than 1/3 of the required number of water closets.
(5)
Privies, privy vaults and outhouses shall be prohibited
on residential premises.
F.
Plumbing fixtures.
(1)
Plumbing fixtures shall be made of smooth, nonabsorbent
materials and shall be free from concealed fouling surfaces.
(2)
Plumbing fixtures shall be so spaced as to be reasonably
accessible for their intended use.
(3)
Plumbing fixtures shall be located in spaces that
are accessible, lighted and ventilated.
H.
Water supply tanks.
(1)
Water supply tanks shall be installed and maintained
so as to be watertight, vermin-proof, rodent-proof, resistant to corrosion
and capable of withstanding the working pressures under normal operation.
(2)
Supports for tanks shall be of noncombustible construction.
(3)
Tanks and their supports shall not be used to support
equipment or structures other than for tank use, except where specially
designed for such other use.
(4)
Means for emptying water supply tanks shall be provided
and maintained in proper working condition.
(5)
Portable water supply tanks for domestic supply and
standpipe or automatic sprinkler systems shall be installed and maintained
to furnish water in sufficient quantity and pressure for such systems.
A.
General requirements.
B.
Shutoff valves.
(1)
Gas piping systems shall have at least one accessible
means for shutting off all gas supply, and such means shall be maintained
in good operating condition.
(2)
An easily accessible shutoff valve or cock shall be
provided in the piping in close proximity to and ahead of every outlet
for a gas appliance.
C.
Service equipment for gas supplied from utility mains.
Gas services, gas meters and gas-pressure regulators shall be located
so that they are protected from damage.
D.
Gas refrigerators and ranges. Gas refrigerators and
ranges shall be installed with clearance for ventilation and shall
be maintained in good operating condition.
E.
High-pressure gas. Any service connection supplying
gas at a pressure in excess of one pound per square inch gauge shall
be provided with a device to reduce such pressure to not more than 1/2
pound per square inch gauge prior to entering the meter, except where
such service supplies equipment using gas at high pressures.
F.
Liquefied petroleum gas.
(1)
Undiluted liquefied petroleum gas in liquid form shall
not be stored in buildings and shall not be conveyed through piping
equipment and systems in buildings.
(2)
Liquefied petroleum gas shall not be vaporized by
devices utilizing open flame or open electrical coil.
(3)
Where two or more containers are installed, connection
shall be arranged so that containers can be replaced without shutting
off the flow of gas to the equipment.
(4)
Containers shall be designed, stored and located so
as not to be a hazard to the premises served or to the surrounding
property.
(5)
Systems shall be provided with safety devices to relieve
excessive pressures and shall be arranged so that the discharge terminates
at a safe location.
(6)
Systems shall have at least one accessible means for
shutting off the gas. Such means shall be located outside the building
and shall be maintained in good operating condition.
A.
General requirements.
(1)
Residential buildings intended for occupancy between
the first day of October and the 31st day of May of the following
year shall provide heat with heating equipment designed to maintain
a temperature of not less than 68º F., at a distance of three
feet and more from exterior walls and at a level of five feet above
the floor in habitable spaces, kitchenettes, bathrooms and toilet
rooms. The capability of the heating equipment to maintain such indoor
temperature shall be based on a minimum outside temperature of minus
10º F.
[Amended 2-14-1983 by Ord. No. 83-9]
(2)
The provisions of this subsection shall not apply
where the failure to maintain minimum requirements is caused by a
general shortage of fuel, negligent or malicious act of the occupant,
necessary repairs or alterations or any cause beyond the control of
the owner or the occupant.
B.
Smoke control. Fuel-burning heat-producing equipment
shall be installed and maintained so that the emission or discharge
into the atmosphere of smoke, dust, particles, odors or other products
of combustion will not create a nuisance or be detrimental to the
health, comfort, safety or property of any person.
E.
Fuel supply connection. Fuel-burning equipment shall
be permanently fastened and connected in place. The fuel supply connection
to such equipment shall be made with pipe or tubing of solid metal
or approved connector.
F.
Installation and clearance. Where heat-producing equipment
is installed on or adjacent to combustible materials, the location,
insulation, clearance and the control of the equipment shall be such
that the temperature on the surface of the combustible materials will
not exceed 175º F.
G.
Air supply.
(1)
Direct-fired heat-producing equipment and the enclosure
in which it is located shall be provided with a supply of air adequate
both for complete combustion at the rated gross output of the equipment
and for the ventilation of the enclosure to prevent the accumulation
of heat.
(2)
Rooms containing fuel-burning equipment shall have
such air supply provided by means of one or more openings to the exterior
or by means of fixed openings to interior spaces which open to the
exterior.
H.
Removal of products of combustion.
(1)
Unvented, fuel-burning space heaters shall be prohibited.
(2)
Equipment for burning solid or liquid fuel shall be
connected to suitable chimneys or flues and shall not be connected
to gas vents. Unvented heaters burning liquid fuel shall be prohibited.
(3)
Gas-fired equipment shall be connected to a suitable
chimney flue or gas vent when the discharge of products of combustion
into the space where the equipment is installed would be a hazard.
I.
Safety devices.
(1)
Equipment capable of developing hazardous pressures
or temperatures shall be provided with means to relieve safely such
pressures and temperatures.
(2)
Controls for the safe operation of automatically operated
heat-producing equipment shall be provided to function as follows:
When failure or interruption of flame or ignition occurs, the fuel
supply shall be cut off. When a predetermined temperature or pressure
is exceeded, the input of additional heat shall be prevented or reduced
to a safe rate. When the water level in a steam boiler drops below
a predetermined level, the fuel supply shall be cut off. When failure
or interruption of the pilot light on the main burner of liquefied
petroleum gas equipment occurs, the fuel supply to each pilot light
and main burner shall be cut off.
(3)
Expansion tanks. Hot-water heating systems shall be
provided with expansion tanks or other means to allow for the expansion
of water in the system.
J.
Heating of garages.
(1)
Fuel-burning equipment for garages servicing multiple
dwellings shall be located in heater rooms, except that equipment
burning gas or liquid fuel located in the vehicle storage space shall
be permitted in stories at or above grade where elevated as follows:
Suspended heaters shall be at least eight feet above the floor level.
Floor-mounted heaters shall be installed on a noncombustible platform
not less than 18 inches above the floor level and shall be protected
against physical damage.
(2)
In one- and two-family dwellings, a permanent heating
or other appliance with an open flame, for use within a garage, shall
be protected from physical damage by vehicles and, where intended
for floor mounting, shall be installed on a noncombustible platform
not less than 18 inches above the floor level.
(3)
Garages heated by recirculated air shall be provided
with a mechanical means of air handling designed to introduce a sufficient
quantity of fresh air to prevent the accumulation of vapors or gases
near the floor. Recirculated air shall not be taken from stories below
grade level. For stories above grade level, openings for return air
shall be at least 18 inches above floors.
A.
General requirements.
(1)
Chimneys, flues, gas vents and their supports shall
be installed and maintained so as to be structurally safe, durable,
smoketight, noncombustible and capable of withstanding the action
of flue gases without softening, cracking, corroding or spalling.
(2)
Such facilities shall effectively convey the products
of combustion to the outer air.
(3)
Masonry chimneys, except approved prefabricated chimneys,
shall have noncombustible foundations.
(4)
Chimneys and metal smokestacks shall have sufficient
clearance from building construction in accordance with generally
accepted standards.
(5)
No flue shall have smoke pipe or gas vent connections
in more than one story of a building.
(6)
A single-wall metal smoke pipe or connector shall
not pass through a floor, attic, inside wall, partition or concealed
space.
(7)
A single-wall metal smoke pipe or connector passing
through an exterior wall or a roof shall be guarded at the point of
passage by a suitable metal collar.
(8)
Incinerator flues equipped with service openings shall
not be used as flues for other fuel-burning equipment.
(9)
Openings for smoke pipes or gas vent connections shall
be provided with means for easy connection without restriction of
flue.
B.
Firesafety. Chimneys, flues and gas vents shall be
installed and maintained so that under conditions of use the temperature
of any combustible material adjacent thereto, insulated therefrom
or in contact therewith does not exceed a safe temperature.
C.
Spark arresters. A chimney or flue connected to an
incinerator and a chimney or flue which may emit sparks shall be provided
with a spark arrester of noncombustible construction. Spark arresters
shall have sufficient total clear area to permit unrestricted passage
of flue gases. Openings in spark arresters shall be of such size as
to prevent passage of embers and to minimize clogging by soot.
A.
General requirements.
(1)
Incinerators shall be of adequate capacity for the
intended use.
(2)
Flue-fed incinerators shall be equipped with means
for burning auxiliary fuel in sufficient quantity to assure complete
combustion of refuse.
(3)
Incinerators shall be connected to a suitable noncombustible
chimney, smokestack or flue.
(4)
Connections to incinerators shall provide free passage
of refuse without clogging.
(5)
Incinerator flues used also for dropping refuse shall
be vertical and of noncombustible construction, shall have a smooth
finish on the inside and shall be arranged to provide free passage
of refuse without clogging.
B.
Service openings.
(1)
Service openings shall be readily accessible to the
building occupants.
(2)
Service openings shall be equipped with metal, self-closing
charging devices. An incinerator flue used also for dropping refuse
shall have charging devices constructed so that openings to the flue
are closed while the charging devices are in the open position. No
part of the charging devices shall project into a refuse chute or
incinerator flue.
(3)
Durable signs with plainly legible letters prohibiting
disposal of highly flammable substances in incinerators shall be provided
near service openings.
A.
General requirements.
(1)
Electrical wiring and equipment shall be installed
in conformity with the National Electrical Code and maintained so
as not to be a potential source of ignition of combustible material
or a potential source of electrical hazard.
(2)
Electrical wiring and equipment shall be firmly secured
to the surface on which it is mounted.
(3)
Electrical wiring and equipment installed in damp
or wet locations or where exposed to explosive or flammable gases
or to excessive temperatures shall be of a type approved by the National
Electrical Code for the purpose and location.
(4)
Electrical wiring and equipment shall be protected
against excessive current by properly rated over-current devices.
(5)
Electrical wiring and equipment shall be grounded
or otherwise protected by insulation, isolation or guarding so as
to minimize the danger of high voltages from lightning or other causes.
(6)
Electrical equipment which in ordinary operation produces
arcs or sparks shall be enclosed unless separated and isolated from
all combustible material.
(7)
Service equipment and over-current protection devices
shall be installed and maintained in a readily accessible location.
(8)
There shall be an adequate number of electrical outlets.
B.
Artificial lighting.
(1)
Residential buildings and occupancies shall be wired
for electricity, and lighting equipment shall be installed throughout,
in accordance with the National Electrical Code, to provide adequate
illumination for the intended use of each space. An electric wiring
system shall be connected to an adequate source of supply.
(2)
There shall be a switch or other means for controlling
a light in each dwelling unit near the point of entrance to such unit.
C.
Exit and directional signs in multiple dwellings.
(1)
Exits in multiple dwellings shall be provided with
exit and directional signs visible from the approach to the exits,
except that such signs shall not be required in those portions of
a building which contain dwelling units only or in which exit from
sleeping rooms is directly to the outside.
(2)
Directional signs shall be provided at locations from
which the exit doorway is not readily discernible.
(3)
Such signs shall be worded in plainly legible block
letters with the word "EXIT" for exit signs and the words "TO EXIT,"
with a suitable pointer or arrow indicating the direction of the exit,
for directional signs. Letters for signs shall be conspicuous, readily
discernible and at least six inches high, except that for internally
illuminated signs the height of such letters shall be at least 4 1/2
inches.
(4)
Exit and directional signs shall be illuminated either
externally or internally by electric lights and shall be kept illuminated
at all times when the building is occupied.
A.
General requirements.
(1)
Each dwelling unit shall be provided with appropriate
cooking and refrigeration equipment.
(2)
Cooking and refrigeration equipment shall be maintained
in good operating condition.
(3)
Gas-burning cooking equipment shall be permanently
fastened and connected in place. Gas supply connections to such equipment
shall be made with pipe or tubing of solid metal.
(4)
Solid-fuel-burning cooking equipment shall be appropriately
vented.
B.
Ranges and gas refrigerators.
(1)
Ranges shall be installed with clearance for ventilation.
(2)
Water-cooled gas refrigerators shall be prohibited.
(3)
Air-cooled gas refrigerators shall be installed and
maintained so that the burner operates properly, there is no emission
of excessive heat or odors, there is no discharge of carbon monoxide,
the flue outlet is free of obstructions and the refrigerator is not
otherwise defective.
(4)
Air-cooled gas refrigerators shall be equipped with:
C.
Communal cooking and dining facilities. Communal kitchens
and dining rooms shall comply with the following requirements: Communal
kitchens shall contain at least one kitchen sink; at least one kitchen
gas or electric stove equipped with an oven and not less than four
top burners; and at least one electric- or gas-type refrigerator with
a food storage capacity of a minimum of two cubic feet per person
but, in no case, less than eight cubic feet nominal size. Dining space
and eating facilities, where provided in the kitchen area, shall comply
with the requirements for communal dining rooms.
Air conditioning and mechanical ventilation
requirements in one- and two-family dwellings shall be as follows:
B.
Ventilating systems.
(1)
Ventilating systems shall be installed and maintained
so that the rapid spread of heat, flame or smoke through the system
will be prevented and so that, under conditions of use, the temperature
of any combustible material adjacent thereto or in contact therewith
will not exceed a safe temperature.
(2)
Stairways, passageways, exits, shafts, hoistways or
attics shall not be used as plenum chambers.
(3)
Ducts shall be securely fastened in place.
(4)
Ducts, filters and other air-handling equipment shall
be installed and maintained so as not to constitute a fire or smoke
hazard.
(5)
Air required for ventilation shall be taken from the
exterior or shall be quality-controlled.
(6)
Exhaust air from a dwelling unit or space whose contents
may emit odors, fumes or vapors shall not be circulated to other occupied
spaces within the building.
C.
Air intake and exhaust openings.
(1)
Air intake and exhaust openings shall be installed,
located and maintained so as not to constitute a hazard of nuisance
and so as to prevent the possibility of fire, smoke, fumes or foreign
matter being drawn into the system.
(2)
Required ventilating systems shall be provided with
openings for incoming and outgoing air to obtain the circulation required
by the New York State Building Construction Code.
[Amended 6-2-1986 by L.L. No. 3-1986]
(3)
Where openings for mechanical exhaust are located
in spaces that also contain fuel-burning equipment, there shall be
provided fixed intake openings from the exterior to supply sufficient
air so that the fuel-burning equipment is not adversely affected.
(4)
Exhaust openings shall be located so that the exhaust
air will not create a nuisance.
D.
Ventilation requirements.
(1)
Enclosures or spaces where heat, gases, vapors or
odors may accumulate and become a potential source of hazard or nuisance
shall be provided with ventilation to remove such excess, designed
in accordance with the standards of the New York State Building Construction
Code applicable to one- and two-family dwellings and to multiple dwellings.
(2)
Public spaces shall be provided with means for obtaining
air supply for the maximum number of persons for which such spaces
are designed in conformity with the standards of the New York State
Building Construction Code.
E.
Safety controls.
(1)
Manually operated controls shall be provided to stop
the operation of all central fan equipment. Such controls shall be
conspicuously identified and in readily accessible locations outside
the fan room.
(2)
Every system using recirculated air and serving an
assembly space of more than one fire area or more than one story of
a building shall be provided with controls arranged so that, under
an abnormal rise in the temperature of the air in the system, the
fans causing normal circulation shall stop and require manual restart.
(3)
Every system for ventilating an assembly space shall
be provided with an emergency switch, conveniently located, and with
a durable sign giving instructions for shutting down the system in
case of fire.
A.
General requirements. Fuel oil shall be received,
stored and conveyed by means of fixed, liquidtight equipment which
conforms to the requirements of the National Board of Fire Underwriters.
C.
Piping.
(1)
Automatically operated boilers and furnaces using
fuel oil shall be provided with a remote control to stop the flow
of oil during a fire or other emergency.
(2)
Filing, emptying and venting of tanks shall be by
means of fixed piping. Pipes to underground tanks shall be pitched
toward tanks. Terminals of fill and vent pipes shall be located outside
buildings at a safe distance from building openings.
Provisions for fire protection in multiple dwellings
shall be as follows:
A.
Fire alarm systems. Required fire alarm systems shall
be maintained in proper operating condition at all times and shall
be wired in accordance with the National Electrical Code.
B.
Sprinkler equipment.
(1)
Required sprinkler equipment shall be maintained in
proper operating condition at all times. Storage of materials shall
cause minimum interference to the effective discharge of water.
(2)
Valves controlling the water supply to sprinklers
shall be secured in the open position.
(3)
Sprinkler heads shall be maintained free of corrosion
and paint.
D.
Portable extinguishers.
(1)
Each oil burner for boiler, furnace or central hot-water
heater shall be provided with an approved hand fire extinguisher or
two rounded-bottom pails filled with sand.
(2)
Portable extinguishers required for fire protection
shall be in their designated locations and in a condition which will
permit efficient operation without delay.
A.
Elevators, dumbwaiters and escalators shall be maintained
so as to be free from physical and fire hazards and shall be wired
in accordance with the National Electrical Code.
B.
Elevators and power-operated dumbwaiter cars shall
be provided with conspicuously located durable signs on which the
rated capacity shall be indicated.
C.
Elevator cars shall be provided with approved means
for transmitting a signal outside the hoistway in case of emergency.
D.
Hoistways and pits shall be maintained free of refuse.
E.
Machine rooms shall be maintained free of oil and
grease and shall not be used for storage of articles or materials
unnecessary for the maintenance of the elevator or dumbwaiter. Flammable
liquids shall not be kept in such rooms.
F.
No person shall, at any time, make any required safety
device or electrical protective device inoperative, except where necessary
during tests, inspections or maintenance.