Town of Williamstown, MA Specifications

The width of the pavement shall be as specified under Chapter 170, Subdivision Rules and Regulations. The depth of gravel shall be a minimum of 12 inches for lanes or minor streets and 18 inches for collector streets and all streets in nonresidential subdivisions but shall be designed using AASHTO Guide for Design of Pavement Structures to take into account roadbed soils, structural and dimensional factors of the pavement component layers, traffic loading, etc. Sufficient on-site soils investigations shall be performed to adequately identify the roadbed soil conditions which will be encountered throughout the site. Roads shall have a design period or minimum performance period of 20 years. The gravel base shall extend one foot beyond the binder course on each side for curbed roads. For uncurbed roads the gravel base shall extend a minimum of two feet beyond the edge of the pavement to provide a shoulder base. The gravel shoulder shall then be covered with three to four inches of loam and seeded with the specified seed mixture. To provide positive road drainage, uncurbed road shoulders shall be one inch below the paved edge and shall be sloped to the road side swales or down-gradient areas at a slope not exceeding one vertical to five horizontal. For uncurbed roads without a closed drainage system the road side swales shall extend six inches below the gravel base to prevent saturated gravel conditions. The road cross section shall be crowned with slopes of 3/8 of an inch per foot. Where roadbed soil conditions are such that the use of geotextiles will provide an advantage in the road design, the AASHTO design method variables can be modified to take into account the geotextile properties; however, the WDPW reserves the right to review and approve roadbed geotextiles.

The minimum bituminous concrete pavement thickness shall consist of a binder course three inches compacted thickness and a top course 1 1/2 inches compacted thickness. For collector streets and all streets in nonresidential subdivisions, a total minimum compacted pavement thickness of 6 1/2 inches shall be installed which shall consist of 2 1/2 inches of base course, 2 1/2 inches of binder course and 1 1 /2 inches of top course.

All driveway aprons installed for lots at the time of construction shall have a twelve-inch minimum gravel base and a three-inch minimum pavement thickness.

Gravel roads which fall under the Williamstown Planning Board minor lane residential development status[1] shall be designed using AASHTO Guide for the Design of Pavement Structures following the criteria for aggregate-surfaced roads. The surface coarse for gravel roads shall be a six-inch minimum thickness of dense graded crushed stone. Where shoulders are required, the gravel base shall extend out to the full width of the shoulder. Gravel roads shall be graded to provide a cross section crown slope of 1/2 inch per foot. Gravel roads shall have a full width paved apron at the intersection of the paved public access roads extending, as a minimum, from the paved road edge out to the right-of-way of the paved road.

[1]

Editor's Note: See Ch. 170, Subdivision Rules and Regulations, § 170-3.4.

Gravel roads requiring a surface treatment with a chip seal or oil and stone surface shall have a two-coat application meeting the MDPW Standard Specifications - Peastone Cover for Bituminous Concrete Paved Shoulders, Section 468. The aggregate material shall meet the requirements of M2.01.0 and M2.01.6. As a substitution and preferred product, an aggregate material meeting the New York Highway Specification for 1st and 1A Stone Chips may be used.

Materials.

Gravel borrow.

Gravel borrow shall be free-draining, nonmoisture sensitive and shall conform to the MDPW Standard Specification M1.03.0 Type A, as specified herein.

Gravel borrow shall consist of inert material that is hard, durable stone and coarse sand, free from loam and clay, surface coatings and deleterious materials.

Maximum size of stone in Type A gravel shall be six inches.

Gradation requirements for gravel shall be determined by AASHTO, T11 and T27, and shall conform to the following:

	Sieve Designation	Percent Passing
	1/2-inch	50 to 85
	No. 4	40 to 75
	No. 50	8 to 28
	No. 200	0 to 10

The contractor shall be required to furnish a representative sample and a sieve analysis certifying that the material meets the specifications.

Dense-graded crushed stone.

Dense-graded crushed stone shall serve as a surface course for gravel roads and shall meet the requirements of MDPW Standard Specifications M2.01.7 covering the quality and gradation requirements for material combining crusher-run coarse aggregates of crushed stone and fine aggregates of natural sand or stone screenings uniformly premixed with a predetermined quantity of water.

Coarse aggregate shall consist of hard, durable particles of fragments of stone. Materials that break up when alternatively frozen and thawed or wetted and dried shall not be used. Coarse aggregate shall have a percentage of wear (Los Angeles Test) of not more than 45.

Fine aggregate shall consist of natural or crushed sand. The composite material shall be free from clay, loam or other plastic material, and shall conform to the following grading requirements:

	Sieve Designation	Percentage by Weight Passing Square Mesh Sieves
	2-inch	100
	1-1/2-inch	70 to 100
	3/4-inch	50 to 85
	No. 4	30 to 55
	No. 50	8 to 24
	No. 200	3 to 10

Sampling and testing shall be in accordance with the following AASHTO methods:

	Sieve analysis	T27
	Passing No. 200 sieve	T11

Geotextile fabric.

The fabric shall meet, or exceed, MDPW Standard Specifications M9.50.0 Type III, as described below.

The geotextile fabric shall be a woven or nonwoven fabric consisting only of long chain polymeric filaments or yarns, such as polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester, polyamide or polyvinylidene-chloride, formed into a stable network such that the filaments of yarns retain their relative position to each other. The fabric shall be inert to commonly encountered chemicals and free of defects or flaws which significantly affect its physical and/or filtering properties.

The fabric shall be formed in widths of at least six feet. Sheets of fabric may be sewn together at the point of manufacture, or other approved locations.

The geotextile manufacturer is responsible for establishing and maintaining a quality control program so as to assure compliance with the requirements of this specification.

During all periods of shipment and storage, the fabric shall be wrapped in a heavy-duty protective covering to protect the fabric from direct sunlight, ultraviolet rays, temperatures greater than 140°, mud, dirt, dust and debris.

(f)

The fabric furnished may be either woven or nonwoven, at the contractor's option. The fabric shall meet the requirements of Table III, as specified for subgrade stabilization.

TABLE III
Type III Fabric Subgrade or Embankment Stabilization
Property	Minimum Value¹	Test Method
Grab strength (pounds)	180	ASTM D4632
Elongation (5)	N/A	ASTM D4632
Sewn seam strength2 (pounds)	160	ASTM D4632
Puncture strength (pounds)	75	ASTM D3787
Burst strength (pounds)	290	ASTM D3786
Trapezoid tear (pounds)	50	ASTM D4533
Apparent opening size	Hole size = or < US Standard No. 40 (.425mm)	Corps of Engineers CW02215
Permeability (cm/second)	0.005	AASHTO M288
Flow rate	20	AASHTO M288
NOTES:
¹Minimum: Use value in weaker principal direction. All numerical any sample roll in a lot shall meet, or exceed, the minimum values in the table. State values are for noncritical, nonsevere applications.
²Values apply to both filed and manufactured seams.

Bituminous concrete. Pavement shall conform to the requirements of MDPW Standard Specifications, Section M 3.11 for Class I Bituminous Concrete. Due to the length of the Specification, refer to Section M3.11 of MDPW Standard Specifications for details.

Construction.

Clearing and grubbing of the road right-of-way shall be performed to remove all stumps, all trees not intended for preservation, brush, roots, boulders and like material which may exist upon the surface within the limits of construction.

Roadway earth excavation shall remove all materials encountered down to the true surface of the subgrade, or to suitable material in areas where unsuitable material exists, in preparation for foundation of roadway, sidewalks, driveways and curbs. Approved materials obtained from the excavation may be used in fills as required, if in the opinion of the DPW they are suitable.

The contractor shall obtain additional material from other sources when, in the opinion of the DPW, suitable material is not available within the limits of the street location to form the subgrade or subbase.

The subgrade surface shall be prepared to the lines, grades and cross sections given and properly rolled. All soft or spongy material below the subgrade surface shall be removed to a depth determined by the Department and the space made shall be filled with suitable material or gravel borrow, as previously specified.

After all underground utility lines and sleeves have been installed and fine grading and compaction of the subgrade, the contractor shall roll out the geotextile fabric, if used, onto the subgrade, keeping it as taunt and free of wrinkles as possible. Some stretching and staking may be required until the gravel borrow is placed over the fabric. All joints shall be overlapped by three feet. To prevent damage to the fabric and subgrade, no construction equipment shall be allowed to operate on the uncovered fabric. If the fabric is damaged, the contractor will be required to cut out the damaged section and place a patch of fabric over it, allowing for a three-foot overlap.

After installation of the geotextile construction fabric, the gravel borrow shall be spread and compacted to a minimum 95% maximum dry density, as determined by the modified Proctor Test (ASTM D-1557).

(7)

Any stone with a dimension greater than six inches shall be removed from the subbase before the gravel is compacted. Compaction shall continue until the surface is even and true to the proposed lines and grades within a tolerance of 3/8 inch above or below the required cross-sectional elevations and to a maximum irregularity not exceeding 3/8 inch under a ten-foot line longitudinally. Any specific area of gravel base which, after being rolled, does not form a satisfactory, solid stable foundation shall be removed, replaced and recompacted by the contractor.

(8)

After completion of the subbase, the bituminous concrete binder and top course shall be installed in conformance with the requirements of Section 460 of MDPW Standard Specifications.

(9)

It is important that in heavy soils the gravel base be permitted to drain and prevent water from becoming trapped. In closed drainage systems, subdrains or weep holes in drainage structures should be used. In open drainage conditions, roadside swales or ditches should have inverts below the gravel base elevation. The installation of subdrains to lower the groundwater table may be required by the Department once construction has commenced if unanticipated subsurface conditions are evident.

(10)

Where bituminous concrete curbing is to be provided the bituminous concrete binder course shall be paved one foot wider than the final pavement width to serve as a foundation for the curb. Where granite curb is to be provided, the curbing shall be installed and properly supported and backfilled. Concrete fill shall be used on the front face up to the bottom of the binder course. Binder shall be used to patch over the concrete fill to bring it up to grade prior to laying of the top course.

(11)

The bituminous concrete top course shall be placed after the bituminous concrete curb has been installed. Where driveway aprons are to be installed, the three-inch minimum thickness bituminous concrete pavement shall be installed over at least 12 inches of gravel base.

(12)

Radius curbing returns shall be supported on the pavement their full length. The apron top course shall be installed after the road top course is in place. Aprons shall extend 1 1/2 inches above the road top course at the curbline.

(13)

Embankments outside the right-of-way shall be evenly graded and pitched at a slope of not greater than two horizontal to one vertical in cut or fill. Where cuts are made in ledge, other slopes may be determined with the approval of the Department. Where terrain necessitates greater slopes, retaining walls, terracing, fencing or riprap may be used whether alone or in combination to provide safety and freedom from maintenance, but must be done in accordance with plans filed with, and approved by, the Planning Board and/or the Department. Whenever embankments are built in such a way as to require approval by the Planning Board, the developer must furnish to the town duly recorded access easements free of encumbrances for maintenance of the slopes, terraces or retaining walls. All such slopes shall be grassed in accordance with the specifications for the area between the roadway and sidewalk, or roadway and boundary of the right-of-way.

§ 113-9 Curbing.

Design. The requirement for the use and type of curbing for new roads shall be determined by the Street Standard Class, as designated in Chapter 170, Subdivision Rules and Regulations. Granite curb or bituminous concrete curb, MDPW Type 2, shall be provided along each side of the roadway where curbing is required by Chapter 170, Subdivision Rules and Regulations. A granite curb inlet shall be installed at each catch basin along the curbline, and granite curbs shall be required at road intersections where the pavement edge radius is less than 75 feet.

Materials.

Bituminous concrete curb. Bituminous concrete curb shall consist of Class I bituminous concrete, Type I-1. The materials to be incorporated in the mix and the composition of the mix shall conform to the relative requirements of Section M3.11 of MDPW Standard Specifications for dense mix.

Granite curb.

Granite curb shall conform to Section M9.04.1 of MDPW Standard Specifications, Type VA4.

All granite curb shall be basically light gray in color, free from seams and other structural imperfections or flaws which would impair its structural integrity, and of a smooth splitting appearance. Natural color variation characteristic of the deposit from which the curbing is obtained will be permitted.

Whenever curbing is sawed, all surfaces that are to be exposed shall be thoroughly cleaned and any iron rust or iron particles removed by sand blasting or other approved methods. Any saw marks in excess of 1/8 of an inch shall be removed.

Granite curbs shall be Type VA4 with the following dimensions:

	Type Length	Minimum Top (inches)	Width at (inches)	Depth (inches)	Minimum Width at Bottom (inches)
	V4	6	6	17-19	4 (for 2/3 length)

Except for the following conditions, 10% of the length of each curb installed on the project may consist of stones no more than six inches shorter than the length specified:

[1]

Stones used in making closures may be as much as 1/3 shorter than specified in the table, except that the closure piece shall have a minimum length of four feet.

[2]

On curves with radii greater than 100 feet but less than 500 feet, Type VA stones may be four feet to not more than six feet in length.

(f)

Type VA stones to be set on a radius of 100 feet or less shall be cut to the required curvature unless otherwise directed and, except for making closures, shall be of minimum length, as follows:

	Radius	Minimum Length
	50 feet to 100 feet	6 feet
	25 feet to less than 50 feet	4 feet 6 inches
	less than 25 feet	3 feet

(g)

The ends of all curved stone shall be cut on radial lines.

(h)

The finish and surface dimensions for the several types of curb shall conform to the following requirements: This type of curbstone shall have a top surface free from wind, shall be peen hammered or sawed to an approximately true plane and shall have no projections or depressions greater than 1/8 inch. The front and back arris lines shall be pitched straight and true, and there shall be no projection on the back surface for three inches down from the top which would exceed a batter of four inches in one foot.

(i)

The front face shall be at right angles to the plane of the top and ends and shall be smooth quarry split, free from drill holes and with no projection of more than one inch and no depression more than 1/2 inch measured from the vertical plan of the face through the arris or pitch line for a distance down from the top of eight inches. For the remaining distance there shall be no projection or depression greater than one inch measured in the same manner.

(j)

The ends of all stones shall be square with the plane of the top and face so that when the stones are placed end to end as closely as possible no space shall show in the joint at the top and face of more than 1/2 inch for the full width of the top and for eight inches down on the face, after which the end may break back not over eight inches from the plane of the joint. The arris formed by the intersection of the plane of the joint with the planes of the top and exposed faces shall have no variation from the plane of the top and exposed faces greater than 1/8 inch.

Granite curb inlet.

Granite curb inlets shall conform to Section M9.04.5 of the MDPW Standard Specifications.

The granite for curb inlets shall have a horizontal bed, and the top shall be free from wind. The stone shall be sawn or peen hammered on top, and the front and back edges shall be pitched true to line. The back face for a distance of three inches down from the top shall have no projection greater than one inch. The front face shall be straight split, free from drill holes, and it shall have no projection greater than one inch or depression greater than 1/2 inch for a distance of 10 inches down from the top, and for the remaining distance there shall be no depression or projection greater than one inch. The ends shall be squared with the top for the depth of the face finish and so cut that the curb inlet can be set with joints of not more than 1/2 inch. The granite curb inlet shall be six feet in length, plus or minus 1/2 inch, from 17 to 19 inches in depth, six inches wide at the top and at least six inches wide at the bottom.

Curb inlets to be set on a radius of 160 feet or less shall be cut to the curve required, unless otherwise directed by the Department. The joints of all curved curb inlets shall be cut on radial lines. A gutter mouth at least three inches in depth and at least two feet in length shall be cut in the front face of the stone.

Granite curb inlets shall match the adjacent curbing in color.

Construction.

Bituminous concrete curb.

The bituminous concrete curb shall be placed and compacted with a machine acceptable and approved by the Department for an eight-inch high curb similar to the MDPW Construction Standards, Type 2 curb. The curb shall be placed after completion of the bituminous concrete binder course. All curb ends shall be protected by rounding the curb end to a radius of five feet or less and backfilling behind the curb with bituminous concrete.

The finished curb shall be a true and uniform horizontal and vertical alignment in harmony with its surroundings, free of surface cracks and imperfections.

Granite curb and curb inlet.

The trench for the curb shall be excavated to a width of 18 inches. The subgrade of the trench shall be a depth below the proposed finished grade of the curb equal to six inches plus the depth of the curbstone. Granite curb shall be set after placement of the binder course.

The gravel foundation for the curb shall consist of gravel spread upon the subgrade and, after being thoroughly compacted by tamping, shall be six inches in depth. The gravel foundation for edging shall be shown on the plans and shall be thoroughly rammed, or tamped, until firm and unyielding.

The foundation for the curb inlet shall consist of a full bed of Portland cement mortar on the supporting back wall of the catch basin or gutter inlet and sufficient gravel on each side to support the overhang. The trench for the gravel foundation shall be at least six inches in depth and 18 inches in width. This trench shall be filled with gravel thoroughly tamped to the required grade.

Curbing, or curb corners, shall be set on additional gravel spread upon the foundation. All spaces under the curb, curb corners or edging shall be supported throughout their length. The curb shall be set at the line and grade required and shown on the plans unless otherwise directed.

Concrete shall be used as fill in front of the curb up to the bottom of the bituminous concrete binder course, as well as under, and behind, the joints of adjacent curb sections, creating a concrete collar to secure the granite. Bituminous concrete shall then be used to bring the backing to the top of the binder course. The back of the curb shall be backfilled to give full support with suitable on-site material or gravel.

§ 113-10 Sidewalks.

Design.

Where required, concrete sidewalks shall be constructed within the subdivision separated from the pavement area by a grass plot. The sidewalk shall extend the full length of each side of the street and shall be a minimum width of five feet. Concrete shall be a minimum of five inches thick for all sidewalks. Wheelchair ramps shall be required at each intersection and shall conform to MDPW Construction Standards 107.1.0. Transitions at driveways shall also conform to MDPW Construction Standards 107.1.0 (attached).

Where approved by the Planning Board, the use of bituminous concrete sidewalks will be permitted.

Materials.

Processed gravel.

Processed gravel shall conform to MDPW Standard Specifications M1.03.1. Gravel shall consist of inert material that is hard, durable stone and coarse sand, free from loam and clay, surface coatings and deleterious materials.

The approved source of bank-run gravel material shall be processed by mechanical means. The equipment for producing crushed gravel shall be of adequate size and with sufficient adjustments to produce the desired materials. The processed material shall be stockpiled in such a manner to minimize segregation of particle sizes. All processed gravel shall come from approved stockpiles. The gradation shall meet the following requirements:

	Sieve Designation	Percent Passing
	3-inch	100
	1-1/2-inch	70 to 100
	1/4-inch	50 to 85
	No. 4	30 to 60
	No. 200	0 to 10

Stone. Aggregate shall consist of clean and durable gravel stone, crushed stone or crushed slag. It shall be uniformly graded in accordance with Sections M2.01.2 or M2.01.4 of MDPW Standard Specifications with the following gradation requirements:

Sieve Designation	Percent Passing M2.01.2 1- to 1/2-Inch Stone	M2.01.4 3/4-Inch Stone
2-inch	100	—
1- to 1/2-inch	95 to 100	—
1-inch	35 to 70	100
3/4-inch	0 to 25	90 to 100
1/2-inch	—	10 to 50
3/8-inch	—	0 to 20
No. 4	—	0 to 5

Reinforcing mesh. Reinforcing mesh shall be welded woven wire, six-inch square mesh of number four wire.

Expansion joint. Premolded filler, 1/2 inch in thickness, shall be provided for expansion joints and shall be of the nominal concrete depth, with the top of the filler about 1/4 inch below the finished surface.

Concrete. Concrete shall meet MDPW Standard Specifications M4.02 for air-entrained Class D concrete except that the minimum twenty-eight-day compressive strength shall be 4,000 pounds per square inch, and the cement shall be Type II. Refer to MDPW Standard Specifications M4.02 for details.

Bituminous concrete. Pavement shall conform to the requirements of MDPW Standard Specifications, Section M3.11 for Class I Bituminous Concrete.

Construction.

The subgrade for sidewalks shall be shaped parallel to the proposed surface of the walks and thoroughly compacted. All impressions occurring shall be filled with suitable material and again compacted until the surface is smooth and hard.

After preparation of the subgrade, the gravel or stone base shall be spread and compacted to a minimum thickness of eight inches. Gravel shall be compacted to a minimum 95% maximum dry density, as determined by the modified Proctor Test (ASTM D-1557).

Any specific area of base which, after being rolled, does not form a satisfactory, solid, stable foundation shall be removed, replaced and recompacted.

Side forms and transverse forms for sidewalks shall be smooth, free from warp, of sufficient strength to resist springing out of shape, of a depth to conform to the thickness of the proposed walk.

All mortar or dirt shall be completely removed from forms that have been previously used. The forms shall be well staked and thoroughly braced and set to the established lines with their upper edge conforming to the grade of the finished walk, which shall have a slope of 1/4 of an inch per foot to the roadside edge of the walk to provide for surface drainage.

Reinforcing mesh shall be placed continuously between expansion joints. All forms shall be oiled before placing concrete.

(7)

The concrete sidewalks shall be placed in alternate slabs 24 feet in length for six-foot-wide sidewalks and 25 feet in length for five-foot-wide sidewalks. The slabs for sidewalks shall be separated by transverse preformed expansion joint filler 1/2 inch in thickness.

(8)

Preformed expansion joint filler shall be placed adjacent to, or around, existing structures, as directed.

(9)

On the foundation, as specified above, the concrete shall be placed in such quantity that after being thoroughly consolidated in place, it shall be five inches in depth. At driveways, concrete sidewalks shall have a gradual transition down to the bituminous concrete edge on driveway aprons. Concrete shall be placed at a slump not to exceed four inches. No finishing operation shall be performed while free water is present. Finishing operations shall be delayed until all bled water and water shed has left the surface and the concrete has started to stiffen. After water shed has disappeared, edging operations, where required, shall be completed. After edging and jointing operations, the surface shall be floated with an aluminum or magnesium float.

(10)

Immediately following floating, the surface shall be steel-troweled. If necessary, tooled joints and edges shall be rerun before and after troweling to maintain uniformity. After troweling, the surface shall be brushed by drawing a soft bristled push broom with a long handle over the surface of the concrete to produce a nonslip surface.

(11)

In conveying the concrete from the place of mixing to the place of deposit, the operation shall be conducted in such a manner that no mortar will be lost, and the concrete shall be so handled that the concrete will be of uniform composition throughout, showing neither excess nor lack of mortar in any one place.

(12)

The surface of all concrete sidewalks shall be uniformly scored into block units equal to the width of the sidewalk. The depth of the scoring shall be at least 1/4 of the thickness of the sidewalk.

(13)

The application of neat cement to surfaces in order to hasten hardening is prohibited.

(14)

Concrete shall be kept moist and protected from traffic and weather during curing for at least three days in accordance with the applicable provisions of MDPW Construction Standards, Specifications Subsection 476.74.

(15)

Bituminous concrete sidewalks also must meet the subgrade and gravel base requirements, as described above. The bituminous concrete walk surface shall be laid in two courses to a depth after rolling of three inches. The bottom course shall be 1 1/2 inches in thickness, and its surface after rolling shall be 1 1/2 inches below and parallel to the proposed grade of the finished surfaces. The top course shall be 1 1/2 inches in thickness after rolling.

(16)

Where walls, curbing and other suitable permanent supports are not present, or where an approved mechanical spreader is not used, satisfactory forms shall be installed to assist in securing proper alignment and adequate compaction of the base and surface courses.

(17)

Unless otherwise directed, the surface shall have a pitch of 1/4 of an inch per foot of width to provide for proper drainage.

(18)

The surface shall be rolled with a self-propelled tandem roller weighing not less than 1 1/2 tons and not more than five tons.

(19)

In places inaccessible to a power roller, compaction shall be obtained by means of mechanical rammers or by hand tampers weighing not less than 50 pounds and having a tamping face not exceeding 100 square inches.

§ 113-11 Grassed areas.

Design.

Grassed areas shall be provided on each side of the roadway between the pavement and the right-of-way exclusive of any sidewalks. The size and slope of the grass areas on each side of the road shall not exceed one vertical to five horizontal within the road shoulder areas.

Streetlight stanchions, streetlights and street shade trees may be located in the grass plot, but shall not be nearer than 25 feet from the intersection of two streets, measured from the intersection of the tangents of the intersecting street curblines.

Materials.

Loam. Loam shall be fertile, natural soil, typical of the locality, free from large stones, roots, sticks, clay, peat, weeds and sod and obtained from naturally well-drained areas. It shall not be excessively acid or alkaline, nor contain toxic material harmful to plant growth.

Fertilizer. Fertilizer shall be a complete commercial fertilizer, 10-10-10 grade. It shall be delivered to the site in the original unopened containers each showing the manufacturers guaranteed analysis. Store fertilizer so that when used it shall be dry and free flowing.

Lime. Lime shall be ground limestone containing not less than 85% calcium and magnesium carbonates.

Seed.

Seed shall be from the same, or previous, year's crop. Each variety of seed shall have a percentage of germination not less than 90%, a percentage of purity of not less than 85 and shall have not more than 1% weed content. Type A lawn surface shall consist of seed proportioned by weight, as follows:

[1]

Canadian creeping red fescue: 55%.

[2]

Kentucky bluegrass: 25%.

[3]

Red top: 5%.

[4]

Domestic rye grass: 15%.

Seed shall be delivered in sealed containers bearing the dealers guaranteed analysis.

Mulch. Mulch shall be clean straw.

Construction.

The subgrade of all areas to be loamed and seeded shall be raked, and all rubbish, sticks, roots and stones larger than 1 1/2 inches shall be removed. Loam shall be spread and lightly compacted to finished grade. Compacted loam shall be less than four inches. No loam shall be spread in water, or while frozen or muddy. After the loam is placed, and before it is raked to true lines and rolled, limestone shall be spread evenly over loam surface and thoroughly incorporated with loam by heavy raking to at least 1/2 the depth of loam.

Lime shall be applied at the rate of 40 pounds per 1,000 square feet.

Fertilizer shall be uniformly spread and immediately mixed with the upper two inches of topsoil. Fertilizer shall be applied at the rate of 20 pounds per 1,000 square feet.

Immediately following this preparation the seed shall be uniformly applied and lightly raked into the surface. Lightly roll the surface and water with a fine spray. Seed shall be sown in a favorable season.

Seed shall be applied at the rate of five pounds per 1,000 square feet.

Straw mulch shall be spread uniformly over all seeded areas at a rate of two bales per 1,000 square feet. All seeded areas shall be watered and in good condition, reseeding if and when necessary until a good, healthy, uniform growth is established over the entire area seeded, and shall maintain these areas in an approved condition until final acceptance.

(7)

The grassed areas shall be maintained in a neat manner by watering, mowing, raking clippings and leaves, and appurtenances until the project is accepted.

§ 113-12 Monuments.

Design.

Monuments shall be installed on street lines at all points of curvature, and at all points of change in direction.

Monuments shall be installed at each point where the lot line intersects the street right-of-way and at any other points, where, in the opinion of the Planning Board, permanent monuments are necessary.

Materials. Monuments shall be a standard permanent granite or reinforced concrete marker of not less than five feet in length and not less than six inches in width and breadth, and shall have a 3/8-inch drill hole in the center of the top surface.

Construction.

Monuments shall be installed at the time of final grading with the top flush with the top final graded surface. A circular lead plug shall be cast in the top of the round and an escutcheon pin driven into the plug at the desire point, or a drill hole cast in the center of the round and the round set in the point.