[HISTORY: Adopted by the City Council of the City of West
Haven: Art. I, 9-4-1963 by Ord. No. 21; Art II, 9-4-1963 by Ord. No.
22. Sections 162-28, 162-29A(1) and B(1), 162-31,
162-32B and 162-37 amended at time of adoption of Code; see Ch. 1,
General Provisions, Art. I. Other amendments noted where applicable.]
[Adopted 9-4-1963 by Ord. No. 21]
A.
These regulations pertain to oil-burning equipment for installation
and repair in furnaces and boilers used for heating dwellings and
for various commercial and industrial applications and for the inspection
and supervision thereof.
B.
These regulations are intended to prescribe reasonable provisions
for the installation of oil-burning equipment based on minimum requirements
for safety to life and property from fire. They cover the installation
and repair of oil burners and all equipment connected thereto, including
tanks, piping, pumps, control devices and all accessories.
C.
Where the circumstances of installation are unusual as to render
the strict application of these regulations impracticable, the Fire
Marshal may permit such modification that will provide an equivalent
degree of safety.
A.
Any person desiring to install or repair oil-burning equipment in
the City of West Haven shall be licensed by the Fire Marshal. Before
such license shall be issued, the applicant shall file with the Fire
Marshal an application, in writing, stating the name and place of
business of said applicant and such qualifications as may be required
to test the ability of the applicant. Said application shall be accompanied
by a fee of $10, payable to the City of West Haven. All licenses shall
expire on the first day of July in each year following the date of
issuance and may be renewed yearly on or before the first day of August,
upon payment of a renewal fee of five $5. Any license may be revoked
by the Fire Marshal for violation of any or all provisions of this
Article. No license shall be renewed which has expired for a period
of more than 30 days; it shall be processed as a new application.
A.
Every holder of a license, before installing any oil-burning equipment,
shall file in the office of the Fire Marshal in the district where
such equipment is to be installed, upon blanks furnished by said office
for this purpose, an application for a permit to install said equipment.
B.
No installation shall be done without a permit from the Fire Marshal
of said district. Each permit application shall be accompanied by
a fee of $2 for use of said district, payable to the Fire Marshal
of said district where such equipment is installed.
No change or modification of plans will be permitted unless
such change is submitted and approved by the Fire Marshal of the district
in which said equipment is to be installed.
After installation is completed and ready for inspection, the
person installing the same shall notify the Fire Marshal's office
of that district that work is ready for inspection and shall not leave
the oil burner operating until the Fire Marshal or his inspector has
approved the installation.
The person to whom the installation permit has been issued shall
rectify all mistakes found by the Fire Marshal after inspection before
said equipment can be used and shall be responsible for all tank enclosures.
Whenever any oil-burning equipment is such as to render it unfit
for use and liable to endanger life or property, the Fire Marshal
shall serve written notice upon the person or persons operating or
maintaining such equipment requiring such equipment to be repaired
or altered so as to remove such dangerous condition. In case of failure
of said person or persons to comply fully with such requirements in
five days after notice shall have been served, or immediately in cases
of imminent danger, said Fire Marshal shall have the power to order
and compel the discontinuance of said equipment until such time as
the same has been made safe in his judgment.
A.
Oil burners shall be of an approved type.
B.
Oil burners for which a competent attendant will not be constantly
on duty in the room where the burner is located while the burner is
in operation shall be so arranged as to prevent the abnormal discharge
of oil at the burner by automatic means approved for the burner with
which it is used.
C.
Automatic means for preventing abnormal discharge.
(1)
Oil burners for which a competent attendant will be constantly on
duty in the room where the burner is located while the burner is operating
are not required to be equipped with automatic means for preventing
the abnormal discharge of oil at the burner.
(2)
When automatic means are installed in connection with oil-burning
equipment of this type, such automatic devices shall be specifically
approved for use with the burner to which they are attached.
D.
No oil burner of either class, as outlined above, may be installed
in the City of West Haven unless approved by the Commissioner of State
Police.
E.
No used oil burner shall be installed unless it has been completely
reconditioned.
F.
All used oil burners approved for installation shall be equipped
with new operating and safety controls.
G.
No oil burner or heating unit shall receive approval unless the manufacturer's
name and model designation appear in a legible manner on the burner
or unit. The requirements of this section shall apply to both new
and used equipment.
A.
Fuel oil used with burners to which these regulations apply shall
have a flash point not less than 100° F. and shall be hydrocarbon
oil free from acid, grit and fibrous or other foreign matter likely
to clog or injure the burner or valves. The flash point shall be determined
by the Pensky-Martens closed tester, in accordance with the method
of test adopted by the American Society for Testing and Materials
(Designation D93-22), except that the tag closed tester (Designation
D56-21) shall be used in cases of dispute concerning oils having a
flash point in the vicinity of 100° F.
B.
The grade of fuel oil used with any burner shall be one which tests
and experience have shown to be suitable for use with the type of
burner used.
A.
Gravity feed shall be used only with burners arranged to prevent
abnormal discharge of oil at the burner by automatic means specifically
approved for the burner with which it is used.
B.
Gravity supply tanks shall not exceed 275 gallons' individual
capacity. Where more than one tank is used, such tanks shall be connected
to the feed pipe through a manually operated three-way valve in such
a way that only one tank can discharge its contents at a time.
C.
Where oil is supplied to the burner by gravity and a constant-level
device is not incorporated in the assembly or in an auxiliary tank
used in connection with the automatic pump, an approved constant-level
device shall be installed in the oil-feed line at the gravity tank
or as close thereto as practicable to ensure uniform delivery of oil
to the burner. The vent opening of such constant-level device shall
be connected by piping or tubing to the gravity tank vent pipe.
Pressure tank feed shall be used only with burners arranged
to prevent abnormal discharge of oil at the burner by automatic means
specifically approved for the burner with which it is used. Pressure
tanks shall not exceed a capacity of 60 gallons and shall not be operated
at pressures exceeding 50 pounds per square inch. Pressure tanks shall
be equipped with a reliable gauge.
A.
Oil supply tanks should be located outside of buildings and underground,
with the top of the tank below the level of all piping to which it
is connected to prevent discharge of oil through broken pipe or syphonage.
B.
Underground tanks shall be so buried as to have a cover of earth
not less than two feet thick or shall be covered with not less than
one foot of earth, upon the top of which shall be placed a slab of
concrete not less than four inches thick. The slab shall be set on
a firm, well-tamped earth foundation and shall extend at least one-foot
beyond in all directions. Where tanks are underneath buildings, such
concrete slab shall be provided in all instances.
A.
Oil supply tanks larger than 60 gallons' capacity shall not
be located in buildings above the lowest story, cellar or basement.
B.
Unenclosed inside storage tanks and auxiliary tanks shall not be
located within seven feet horizontally of any fire or flame.
C.
Oil supply tanks located inside buildings shall not exceed 275 gallons'
individual capacity. Where more than one tank is located in any building,
a distance of not less than 15 feet between each of said tanks must
exist, otherwise one of said tanks must be enclosed in a casing constructed
as follows: The walls of the enclosure shall be constructed of reinforced
concrete at least six inches thick or of brick at least eight inches
thick and shall be bonded to the floor. The space between the tank
and the enclosure shall be filled with sand or well-tamped earth.
Where the floor or other construction immediately above the tank is
of fire-resistive construction capable of safely sustaining a load
of 150 pounds per square foot, the walls of the enclosure shall be
carried to a height of not less than one foot above the tank and the
space filled with sand or well-tamped earth to the top; otherwise,
the enclosure shall have a top of reinforced concrete at least five
inches thick or of equivalent construction. Instead of an enclosure
as described above, the tank may be encased in reinforced concrete
not less than six inches thick applied directly to the tank so as
to completely eliminate an air space.
D.
In ordinary buildings, the nominal gross capacity of the tanks shall
not exceed 5,000 gallons.
E.
In fire-resistive buildings, the nominal gross capacity shall not
exceed 15,000 gallons.
F.
In any building, if in a fire-resistive or detached room cut off
vertically or horizontally in an approved manner from other floors
of the main building, the nominal gross capacity of tanks shall not
exceed 50,000 gallons, with the individual tank capacity not exceeding
25,000 gallons.
A.
Outside aboveground tanks shall not be located in closely builtup
areas.
B.
Outside aboveground supply tanks shall be completely enclosed with
masonry construction.
C.
The distance from outside aboveground tanks to the line of adjoining
property or the nearest building shall not be less than that set forth
in the table below:
|
Capacity of Tank
(gallons)
|
Minimum Distance
(feet)
| |
|
750 or less
|
5
| |
|
1,100 or less
|
10
| |
|
3,000 or less
|
20
| |
|
21,000 or less
|
25
| |
|
31,000 or less
|
30
| |
|
45,000 or less
|
40
| |
|
64,000 or less
|
50
| |
|
80,000 or less
|
60
| |
|
128,000 or less
|
75
| |
|
200,000 or less
|
85
| |
|
226,000 or less
|
100
| |
|
400,000 or less
|
150
| |
|
666,000 or less
|
250
| |
|
1,333,000 or less
|
300
| |
|
2,660,000 or less
|
350
|
A.
Underground tanks shall be set on a firm foundation and surrounded
with soft earth and sand well tamped into place. Where necessary to
prevent floating, they shall be securely weighted and anchored.
B.
Inside storage or auxiliary tanks shall be securely supported by
substantially noncombustible supports to prevent settling, sliding
or lifting.
C.
Inside tanks shall be installed with the bottom pitching to the drawoff
or drain opening with a slope of not less than 1/4 inch per foot.
The drawoff or drain opening shall be provided with suitable piping
connections in a form to provide a sump from which water or sediment
can be drained.
D.
Outside aboveground tanks shall be set on a firm foundation. Those
more than one foot aboveground shall be supported on masonry or steel,
except that wooden cushions may be used. No combustible material may
be stored under or within 10 feet of outside aboveground tanks.
A.
Underground tanks and tanks in buildings.
(1)
Underground tanks and tanks in buildings shall be constructed of
steel or wrought iron of a minimum gauge (United States standard)
in accordance with the following table, except that tanks of 181 to
275 gallons' capacity installed in buildings without masonry
enclosures shall be No. 14 steel or wrought iron.
|
Capacity
(gallons)
|
Minimum Thickness
|
Weight
(pounds per square foot)
| |
|---|---|---|---|
|
7 to 285
|
16 gallons
|
2.50
| |
|
286 to 560
|
14 gallons
|
3.125
| |
|
561 to 1,160
|
12 gallons
|
4.375
| |
|
1,001 to 4,000
|
7 gallons
|
7.50
| |
|
4,001 to 12,000
|
1/4 inch
|
10.00
| |
|
12,001 to 20,000
|
5/16 inch
|
12.50
| |
|
20,001 to 30,000
|
3/8 inch
|
15.00
|
|
NOTE: For tanks larger than 1,100 gallons' capacity, a
tolerance of 10% is permitted.
|
(2)
If adequate internal bracing is provided, tanks of 12,001 to 30,000
gallons' capacity may be built of a one-fourth-inch plate.
B.
Outside aboveground tanks, including tops, shall be constructed of
steel or wrought iron of a thickness in accordance with the following
requirements:
(1)
Horizontal or vertical tanks not over 1,100 gallons' capacity.
|
Capacity
(gallons)
|
Minimum Thickness
(gallons)
| |
|---|---|---|
|
1 to 60
|
18
| |
|
61 to 350
|
16
| |
|
351 to 560
|
14
| |
|
561 to 1,100
|
12
|
(2)
Horizontal tanks over 1,100 gallons' capacity. Tanks having
a diameter of not over six feet shall be made of at least three-sixteenths-inch
steel or wrought iron. Tanks of over six feet and less than 11 1/2
feet shall be of at least 1/4 inch steel or wrought iron.
(3)
Vertical tanks of over 1,100 gallons' capacity.
(a)
The minimum thickness of the shell or bottom shall be 3/16 inch
and the minimum thickness of the roof shall be 1/8 inch. The thickness
of the shell plates shall be in accordance with the following formula:
|
H x D
| ||||
|
Where
| ||||
|
T
|
=
|
8,450 x E
| ||
|
T
|
=
|
The thickness of the plate, in inches.
| ||
|
H
|
=
|
The height of the tank, in feet, above the bottom of the ring
under construction.
| ||
|
D
|
=
|
The diameter of the tank, in feet.
| ||
|
E
|
=
|
The efficiency of the vertical joint ring under construction.
| ||
(b)
In computing the efficiency of vertical joints, the tensile
strength of steel shall be taken as 55,000 pounds per square inch
and the shearing strength of rivets as 40,000 pounds per square inch
(NOTE: Vertical steel tanks with riveted shells constructed in accordance
with American Petroleum Institute Standard No. 12-A may be considered
as meeting the above requirements.)
C.
All connections to storage tanks other than outside aboveground tanks
shall be made through the top of the tank above liquid level, except
that tanks of not over 275 gallons' capacity may have one bottom
connection for gravity feed and one opening for an approved key stem
gate valve to facilitate cleaning or for a scavenging line to be run
to the outside and capped tight when not in use.
D.
Pressure tanks shall be equipped with an automatic relief valve piped
to discharge outside of buildings.
E.
Vent openings on outside aboveground tanks shall be provided with
approved flame arrestors.
A.
Storage tanks shall (except for hydraulic or inert gas systems) be
equipped with an open vent or an approved, automatically operated
vent arranged to discharge to the open air. Vent openings and vent
pipes shall be of ample size to prevent abnormal pressure in the tank
during filling but not smaller than one-and-one-fourth-inch pipe size
for tanks up to and including 500 gallons' capacity.
B.
Vent pipes shall terminate outside of buildings. The outer end of
vent pipes shall be provided with a weatherproof hood. Vent pipes
should terminate sufficiently aboveground to prevent their being obstructed
with snow and ice and, in any event, not less than four feet.
C.
Vent pipes shall not be cross-connected with full pipes or return
from the burner.
A.
Storage tanks other than outside aboveground tanks shall be filled
only through fill pipes terminating outside of buildings at least
two feet from any building opening at the same or lower level. Fill
terminals shall be closed tight when not in use by a metal cover designed
to prevent tampering.
B.
Auxiliary tanks other than vacuum tanks shall be equipped with an
overflow pipe draining to the storage tank at least one size larger
than the supply tank.
C.
Auxiliary tanks shall be filled by pumping from storage tanks.
D.
Cross-connections permitting gravity flow from one tank to another
shall be prohibited.
E.
Overflow pipes of auxiliary gravity tanks shall have no valves or
obstructions. Overflow pipes of auxiliary pressure tanks shall be
provided with interconnected valves or other means for automatically
venting the tank during filling.
F.
Any person delivering oil into an unpiped storage tank shall be in
violation of this section.
A.
All tanks in which a constant level is not maintained by automatic
pump shall be equipped with an approved method of determining the
oil level.
B.
Test wells shall not be installed inside buildings and, where permitted
for outside service, shall be closed tight when not in use and protected
by a metal cover designed to prevent tampering.
C.
Gauging devices such as liquid-level indicators or signals shall
be installed so that oil vapor will not be discharged into buildings
from the fuel-supply system.
A.
Oil pumps shall be of an approved type, secure against leaks and
rigidly fastened in place.
B.
In isolated locations where fire-protection equipment is dependent
upon a heating plant fired by an oil burner, oil pumps shall be installed
in duplicate.
C.
Pumps used in connection with the supply and discharge of outside
aboveground tanks shall be located outside of embankments or dikes
surrounding the tanks and at such a point that they will be accessible
at all times, even if the oil tank is on fire.
A.
All tank piping shall be of standard wrought iron, steel or brass
with standard fittings.
B.
Pipe used in the installation of domestic-type burners shall not
be smaller than three-eighths-inch iron pipe size. Pipe used in the
installation of industrial-type burners shall not be smaller than
one-half-inch iron pipe size. Copper or brass tubing shall not be
smaller in size than the equivalent in iron pipe size mentioned above,
with wall thicknesses not less than 0.049 inch. Flexible metal hose
shall be installed in accordance with the limitations of its approval.
C.
Piping shall be rigidly secured in place and protected from injury
in a workmanlike manner and, where necessary, be protected against
corrosion. Where practicable, oil piping shall be buried underground
or in a concrete floor or placed in a metal-covered pipe trench. Oil
piping preferably should not be located close to other piping or in
the same trench as other piping, except steam or hot-water lines intended
for heating the oil.
D.
Pipe joints and connections shall be tight in a workmanlike manner.
Unions and tubing fittings shall be of an approved type. Unions requiring
packings or gaskets and right and left couplings shall not be used
in oil lines.
E.
Proper allowance shall be made for expansion, contraction, jarring
and vibration. Pipelines other than tubing connected to underground
tanks, except fill lines and test wells, shall be provided with double
swing joints arranged to permit the tank to settle without impairing
the efficiency of the pipe connections.
F.
Where storage tanks are set below the level of the burner, the oil
piping shall be so laid as to pitch toward the tank without traps.
G.
Openings for pipes through outside walls below ground level shall
be oil-tight by securing packing with flexible material.
H.
Oil supply lines to burners shall be provided with approved filters.
I.
In all oil supply lines from all types of storage tanks, there shall
be installed two fusible link shutoff valves. One valve shall be as
close to the supply tank as possible, while the second valve shall
be located at the burner. In oil supply lines from storage tanks located
outside buildings, the valve shall be located in the oil line at the
inner wall of the building. Such fusible links shall be attached to
the automatic shutoff valve so as to operate at a temperature of 160°
F.
Preheating of oil, where necessary, shall be done by steam,
hot water or approved electric heaters. Heaters shall be substantially
constructed with all joints made oil-tight. Thermometers shall be
installed at suitable locations to indicate the temperature of heated
oil. Heaters shall be bypassed or provided with suitable means to
prevent abnormal pressure.
All tanks must be approved by the Fire Marshal. No tanks shall
be installed unless bearing the manufacturer's label or the label
of the Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc.
A.
Oil-burning equipment shall be provided with some means of manually
stopping the flow of oil to the burner. This may be accomplished by
the installation of a quick closing valve in the oil supply line.
B.
With electrically driven equipment, three disconnecting switches
shall be installed in the motor supply circuit. One switch shall be
located at the head of the basement or cellar stairs, the second at
the entrance to the room in which the burner is located and the third
switch to be located at the burner.
C.
Automatically operated oil burners used in connection with hot-water,
steam or hot-air heating systems shall be equipped with automatic
devices to shut down the burner in the event of undue pressure in
a steam boiler or overheating in a hot-water or hot-air system.
D.
Limiting controls and low-water cutoffs intended to disconnect the
burner from electric power supply should be connected into the burner
supply circuit on the supply side of all other burner circuits.
E.
When automatic oil burners are used in installations equipped with
forced or induced draft fans, or both, means shall be provided to
immediately shut off the oil supply upon fan failure.
F.
All servicemen shall report to the Fire Marshal of the respective
district any defective control or unsafe condition that an owner refuses
to repair or correct.
Electric wiring and equipment in connection with oil-burning
equipment shall be installed in accordance with the rules and regulations
prescribed in the Electric Ordinance of the City of West Haven.[1]
[1]
Editor's Note: For the West Haven Electrical Code, see
Ch. 93, Electrical Standards.
A.
Oil burners shall be securely installed in a workmanlike manner,
in accordance with the instructions of the manufacturer, by qualified
mechanics making such installations.
B.
Where oil burners are installed in heating plants originally designed
for solid fuel, the ash door should be removed or ventilation otherwise
provided to prevent the accumulation of vapors in the ash pit, unless
the burner is the type that automatically purges the ash pit.
C.
Boilers and furnaces in which oil burners are installed shall be
connected to flues having sufficient draft at all times to assure
safe operation of the burner. Smoke pipe dampers, if any, shall be
such that they cannot close off more than 80% of the internal cross-section
area of the smoke pipe.
D.
Rooms in which oil burners are located shall be provided with adequate
ventilation to assure complete combustion of the oil.
E.
Acceptance tests should be conducted where more than one burner is
installed in a single combustion chamber or one burner is adapted
to two or more combustion chambers, to make sure the automatic devices
for preventing abnormal discharge of oil at the burner will function
properly in event of failure of one or more units to ignite on starting
or in the event of flame extinguishment of one or more units during
operation.
F.
Complete instructions for the care and operation of the oil burner
shall be posted near the oil burner and maintained in a readable condition.
G.
Contractors installing industrial burner systems shall furnish diagrams
or written instructions showing the main oil lines and control valves,
one of which shall be posted near the burner at a point accessible
in case of fire at the burner.
Any person who shall violate any provisions of these regulations
shall be fined not more than $25 for each such offense.
[Adopted 9-4-1963 by Ord. No. 22]
No person, firm or corporation shall manufacture, refine or
keep or engage in the business of selling, peddling or delivering
any flammable and combustible liquids or carry or sell them from stores,
service stations or motor vehicles without first having obtained a
license from the City of West Haven.
Each person, firm or corporation licensed shall, in selling,
peddling or delivering such oil, conspicuously place in such store,
service station or motor vehicle a license issued by the City of West
Haven bearing the number of the license and the year the license is
in force and with the word "petroleum" thereon.
All tanks and equipment attached to motor vehicles used for
the purpose of keeping for sale, delivery or transportation petroleum,
petroleum products or other flammable material shall conform to the
regulations of the Connecticut Fire Safety Code and to the regulations
of the Fire Department concerning fire prevention and safety.
A.
No person shall keep, store or use kerosene, range or fuel oil in
any building for any purpose without a permit from the Fire Marshal
of the district where said kerosene, range or fuel oil is kept, stored
or used.
C.
Each such permit shall expire on the first day of July succeeding
the date of issuance.
A.
Approved tanks containing kerosene, range or fuel oil may be placed
in the cellar or other approved place on the premises, but no such
tank shall exceed 60 gallons' capacity for each apartment, and
such tanks shall be mounted on noncombustible supports at a location
approved by the Fire Marshal of the district where located.
No person shall sell, deliver or peddle kerosene, range or fuel
oil in quantities exceeding five gallons without keeping a written
record of the same, recording the date of purchase, quantity and address
of sale or delivery. These records must be made available to the Fire
Marshal at any reasonable time for reference, and in no case shall
a delivery of kerosene, range or fuel oil be made in any container
or tank in excess of five gallons unless a license card to store said
products issued by the Fire Marshal is displayed.
The Fire Marshal shall have the right to test the quality of all products sold or delivered under these regulations by tests as set forth in § 162-9 of this chapter.
Licenses issued under these regulations are not transferable
and may be suspended or revoked at any time by the Fire Marshal for
a violation of any of the provisions of this Article.
