For every building hereafter erected, altered or changed in
use there shall be provided at least the minimum number of off-street
parking spaces set forth below. All off-street parking shall be designed
in such a manner as to allow vehicles to exit onto the road without
backing out on to it. The Planning Board shall review all proposals
requiring the provision or alteration of required off-street parking
as set forth in this section, excluding one- and two-family dwellings.
A.Â
Residential uses:
(1)Â
One- and two-family dwellings: two parking spaces for every dwelling
unit.
(2)Â
Multifamily dwellings: a minimum of two parking spaces for every
dwelling unit. Additional parking spaces may be required by the Planning
Board.
(3)Â
Home occupation: three parking spaces, plus one additional parking
space for every 200 square feet of office or nonresidential area in
addition to whatever parking spaces are required for the residential
uses on the lot. Additional parking spaces may be required by the
Planning Board.
B.Â
Nonresidential uses:
(1)Â
Motels, hotels and boarding houses: one parking space per sleeping
or dwelling unit, plus one space for each employee.
(2)Â
Barbershops and beauty shops: one parking space per station or chair,
plus one space for each employee.
(3)Â
Business and professional offices, retail and service shops: one
parking space for every 200 square feet of building area, plus one
space for each employee.
(4)Â
Stores for the sale of furniture, appliances, or hardware: one parking
space for every 300 square feet of building area, plus one space for
each employee.
(5)Â
Supermarkets, self-service food stores: one parking space for every
200 square feet of building area, plus one space for each employee.
(6)Â
Motor vehicle sales, farm equipment sales: one parking space per
every 300 square feet of building area.
(7)Â
Restaurant, cafeterias, bars, taverns: one space for every three
seats for customers, plus one space for each employee.
(8)Â
Bowling alleys: eight parking spaces for each bowling lane.
(9)Â
Laundromats: one parking space for every two washing machines.
(10)Â
Churches and similar public meeting places: one parking space
for every four seats in the main assembly unit, plus one space for
each employee.
(11)Â
Funeral homes: one parking space for every 50 square feet.
(12)Â
Clubs: one parking space for every four seats for members, plus
one space for each employee.
(13)Â
Industrial uses: one space for each employee per shift. Additional
parking to account for shift overlap may be required by the Planning
Board.
(14)Â
Off-site parking. Required off-street parking areas for the
above-permitted uses may, under unusual circumstances and hardship,
be located off-site, provided that the parking area is not more than
400 feet from the premises of the principal building or use to be
served by such areas, and provided that the owner or owners of said
off-site parking areas relinquish all development rights over this
property until such time that parking space is provided elsewhere.
C.Â
Off-street loading and unloading requirements.
(1)Â
Truck loading and unloading facilities shall be provided on the property
to permit the transfer of goods in other than the front yards, customer
parking area, or public street. A landscaping screen of no less than
six feet in height shall be required where off-street loading areas
abut residential zones. Such off-street loading areas shall have access
to a public alley or street.
(2)Â
Number of spaces required is as follows:
(a)Â
Any business use with less than 3,000 square feet in total floor
area: none.
(b)Â
For structures containing more than 3,000 square feet but less
than 25,000 square feet of floor area: one space (at least 10 feet
wide and 60 feet long) for each 12,500 square feet.
(c)Â
For structures containing 25,000 square feet or more of gross
floor area, the number of spaces to be provided shall be as specified
in the following table:
Square Feet
|
Number of Spaces
| |
25,000 to 40,000
|
2
| |
40,001 to 100,000
|
3
| |
100,001 to 160,000
|
4
| |
160,001 to 240,000
|
5
| |
240,001 to 320,000
|
6
| |
For each additional 100,000 or fraction thereof
|
1 additional
|
(3)Â
Location of off-street loading areas. Required off-street loading
areas in all cases shall be located on the same lot or parcel of land
as the structure they are intended to serve. In no case shall the
required off-street loading space be considered as part of the area
provided to satisfy off-street parking requirements as listed herein.
(4)Â
Where off-street parking areas abut residential zones, a planted
buffer area at least 10 feet wide and six feet high shall be provided
between the parking area and the adjoining property. This requirement
may be modified by the Planning Board.
A.Â
General provisions. Every sign shall be designed and located in such
a manner as to:
B.Â
Signs may be illuminated by a steady light, provided that lighting
does not directly illuminate adjacent property. Flashing, oscillating
and revolving signs are not permitted, unless necessary for public
safety or welfare. Additional sign permits may be required from NYS
Department of Transportation for signs located along state highways.
C.Â
ADVERTISEMENT BANNER
AWNING SIGN
BANNER
BILLBOARD
BUILDING SIGN
CANOPY
CANOPY SIGN
DECORATIVE BANNER
DIRECTIONAL SIGN
FASCIA SIGN
FREESTANDING SIGN
INFLATABLE SIGN
MONUMENT SIGN
OFF-PREMISES SIGN
POLE SIGN
PORTABLE OR MOBILE SIGN
PROJECTING SIGN
ROOF SIGN
SIGN
SIGN AREA
(1)Â
(2)Â
(3)Â
(4)Â
(5)Â
(6)Â
TEMPORARY SIGN
WALL SIGN
WINDOW SIGN
Definitions. As used in this chapter, the following terms shall have
the meanings indicated:
Any banner intended to act as signage to advertise a specific
business or the sale of a specific product or not-for-profit-sponsored
community event or service.
A sign that is painted, printed, or stenciled onto the surface
of an awning.
A temporary sign intended to be hung either with or without
a frame, possessing characters, letters, illustrations, or ornamentations
applied to paper, plastic, or fabric of any kind.
Any freestanding sign that advertises business conducted,
services provided or products sold on properties other than the property
on which the sign is erected.
Any sign erected on any part of a building or structure or
on a sign structure attached to a building. Building signs include
awning, canopy, fascia, roof, wall and window signs.
A roof-like structure that shelters a drive lane use, such
as, but not restricted to, a gasoline pump island. A canopy is open
on two or more sides and may be supported by either columns or by
being attached to the building to which it is accessory.
A sign that is painted, printed, or stenciled onto the surface
of a canopy.
Cloth banners designed for long-term use that are not intended
to act as signage to advertise a specific business or the sale of
a specific product. Decorative banners may, however, contain sponsor
tags.
A small ground-mounted sign or sign affixed to an exterior
wall of a building, the purpose of which is to direct traffic safely
into and out of the premises.
A sign erected or painted on the horizontal fascia or eave
trim of a roof, including signs in the filled-in portion of any roof
gable. Such signs shall not extend beyond any edge of the surface
on which they are mounted.
Any sign or sign structure not attached to the exterior of
a building or other structure. Freestanding signs include pole and
monument signs.
Any display capable of being expanded by air or other gas
and used to advertise a product, event, or business. All inflatable
signs are considered temporary signs.
A sign or signs mounted, painted on or fastened to a freestanding
wall, pier or other sign structure of which any horizontal dimension
of a structural member exceeds 18 inches between two feet and eight
feet above grade level.
See "billboard."
A sign or signs mounted on a freestanding sign structure
consisting of one or more poles, columns or piers, none of which supporting
members shall exceed 18 inches in any horizontal dimension between
two feet and eight feet above grade level.
Any sign or sign structure, other than a window sign, that
is not permanently affixed to a building, structure or the ground,
but not including advertising on motor vehicles.
Any sign that projects from the exterior of any building.
A sign erected on the roof of a building or structure.
Any material, symbol, emblem, structure or device, or part
thereof, composed of lettered or pictorial matter or upon which lettered
or pictorial matter is placed when used or located out-of-doors or
outside or on the exterior of any building, including exterior and
interior window surfaces, for display of an advertisement, announcement,
notice, directional matter or name, and includes sign frames, billboards,
signboards, painted wall signs, hanging signs, illuminated signs,
pennants, inflatable or fluttering devices, projecting signs or grounds
signs, and shall also include any announcement, declaration, demonstration,
display, illustration or insignia used to advertise or promote the
interests of any person or business when the same is placed in view
of the general public. The term "sign" includes signs related and
unrelated to a business or profession or to a commodity or service
sold or offered upon the premises where such sign is located. For
the purposes of this chapter, the term "sign" does not include signs
erected and maintained pursuant to and in discharge of any governmental
function or required by any law, ordinance or governmental regulation,
nor does it include flags, emblems or symbols of a nation, governmental
body or school, nor memorial tablets or historical markers.
The surface area of a sign that is within view of a public
right-of-way, visible from any one point of view. For measurement
purposes, the sign surface area shall be calculated as follows:
For rectangular wall signs: that area of the smallest rectangle
that can be placed over the entire sign, including its lettering,
pictorial matter or devices, frame and decorative moldings along its
edges and background, if of a different color from the predominant
color surrounding the sign.
For irregular wall signs: that area defined by the edges of
the sign, including all lettering, pictorial matter or devices, frame
and decorative moldings and background, if of a different color from
the predominant color surrounding the sign.
For letters, pictorial matter or devices not attached to frames
or freestanding: that area defined by the smallest rectangle or rectangles
that can be placed over any series of letters, pictorial matter or
devices which can be considered as a unit. In the event that both
uppercase and lowercase letters are used, the area shall be defined
by the smallest rectangles that can be placed over the series of lowercase
letters, plus the area of the smallest rectangles that can be placed
over the individual uppercase letters. In the event that a letter
or letters or other pictorial matter is placed as a separate unit
on background boards, the sign area shall be calculated as the sum
of the areas of the background boards.
For freestanding double-faced signs: the area of one entire
side of the sign calculated as above.
For multiple-sided signs: the maximum area visible from any
one point of view.
For signs on other than flat surfaces: the maximum actual surface
area visible from any one point of view.
Any sign constructed of cloth, paper, canvas, plastic or
light fabric, wallboard or other light, impermanent or inflatable
material with or without frames intended to be displayed for a limited
period of time only.
A sign fastened, painted or otherwise erected on the wall
of a building so that the wall becomes the sign's supporting structure
and wholly or partially forms its background.
A permanent sign affixed to a window surface or in front
of or behind a window in such a manner that the window acts as its
frame or background.
D.Â
Signs permitted in any district. Off-premises commercial signs, billboards
and roof signs are not permitted in any district. The following signs
are permitted in any district:
(1)Â
Home occupation signs not exceeding four square feet, located not
closer than five feet to any property line.
(2)Â
Any sign authorized in this chapter may contain a noncommercial message
constituting a form of expression in lieu of other copy.
(3)Â
Signs necessary for public safety or welfare.
(4)Â
Temporary signs not exceeding four square feet in the R and A-R Districts
nor 16 square feet in the I, IP or C District, providing the following:
(a)Â
Such signs shall be removed within 10 days after the event,
project completion, primary race and/or election date, whichever is
applicable.
(b)Â
The names and/or addresses of the sponsor or the person responsible
for removal of such signs are identified upon each sign.
(c)Â
Commercial uses shall be limited to one temporary sign connected
to the business not exceeding 16 square feet for a period of 10 days.
Such limitations on commercial uses do not apply to temporary signs
not connected to the business.
E.Â
Nonconforming signs.
(1)Â
Nonconforming signs shall be removed at the expense of the owner
when any use of the property on which the sign is located is discontinued.
(2)Â
Nonconforming signs may not be enlarged, extended, relocated or altered
in any way, except to make them conform to provisions of this chapter.
This provision shall not restrict routine maintenance of nonconforming
signs, for example, replacement of electrical parts and repainting.
F.Â
Signs permitted in the Residential (R), Hamlet (H) and Agriculture-Residential
(A-R) Districts.
(1)Â
One on-premises sign identifying a church, public building or other
permitted noncommercial use located no closer than five feet from
the property line with a maximum size of 10 square feet in area per
side. Two off-premises (noncommercial) directional signs located no
closer than five feet from the property line with a maximum size of
four square feet per side.
(2)Â
One on-premises sign for uses which have a valid special use permit
or approved site plan to operate. Such sign may either be wall mounted
with a maximum size of eight square feet, or freestanding with a maximum
size of eight square feet per side. Freestanding signs shall be limited
in height to 15 feet and not be located within 10 feet of a property
line. The final location/placement of all signs for uses allowed by
special use permits in the R, H, and A-R Districts shall be determined
by the Board (Town or Planning) acting on said special use permit.
G.Â
Signs permitted in Commercial (C) and Industrial (I) and Industrial
Park (IP) Districts.
(1)Â
Two on-premises signs, one of which may be freestanding, shall be
allowed for each permitted use. If attached, such signs shall not
exceed an area equal to 10% of the building face. No sign shall project
more than one foot from the building face.
(2)Â
Freestanding signs shall be permitted. Such signs shall conform to
the following provisions relating to their number and size:
(a)Â
Each commercial or industrial use may have one freestanding
sign. Such freestanding sign shall have an area of not more than 25
square feet nor be more than 25 feet in height, located not less than
10 feet from the property lines.
(b)Â
In a shopping center or industrial park there may be one directory
sign at any location thereon which shall not exceed five square feet
in area for each acre of land in the shopping center or industrial
park, provided that no such sign shall exceed 30 square feet in area.
No individual freestanding sign shall be allowed in a shopping center.
(3)Â
Off-premises direction signs not exceeding four square feet in size
and limited to two signs per use shall be permitted.
H.Â
Signs prohibited. The following types of signs are prohibited and
shall not be permitted, erected, or maintained in any zoning district,
and the owner thereof shall upon written notice of the Zoning Enforcement
Officer forthwith, in the case of immediate danger and in any case
within not more than 10 days, make such sign conform with the provisions
of this section or shall remove it. If within 10 days the order is
not complied with, the Zoning Enforcement Officer may cause said sign
to be removed at the expense of the owner.
(1)Â
Any sign which by reason of its size, location, content, coloring
or manner of illumination constitutes a traffic hazard or a detriment
to traffic safety by obstructing the vision of drivers, or by obstruction
or detraction from the visibility of any traffic control device on
public streets and roads.
(2)Â
Any sign which obstructs free ingress to or egress from a required
door, window, fire escape or other required exit way.
(3)Â
Signs which make use of words such as "stop," "look," "danger" and
other words, phrases, symbols or character in such a manner as to
interfere with, mislead or confuse traffic.
(4)Â
Any sign which has any visible moving part, for example visible revolving
parts or visible mechanical movement of any description (except time
and temperature revolving signs as allowed), or other apparent visible
movement achieved by electrical, electronic or kinetic means, including
intermittent electrical pulsations or by action of normal wind currents.
(5)Â
It shall be unlawful for any person to display upon a sign or other
exterior advertising structure any obscene, indecent or immoral matter
if it interferes with the proper or normal movement of vehicular traffic.
A.Â
Written permission required. If otherwise required by applicable
law, rule or regulation, no person, firm or corporation shall, after
the effective date of this chapter, cut, construct or locate any driveway
entrance into or exit from a highway in the Town of Stafford without
having first received written permission to do so from the appropriate
highway department, namely the NYS Department of Transportation, Genesee
County Highway Department or Town of Stafford Highway Department.
Three copies of such written permission shall be submitted, one to
each of the following: Town of Stafford Highway Superintendent, Town
Zoning Enforcement Officer, and Town Clerk. If the proposed driveway
is in a designated wetland, then the appropriate DEC permits shall
also be required and three copies provided as above.
B.Â
Standard driveway entrance and exit requirements for Town highway.
The standards set forth herein below are considered the minimum acceptable
for installation of a new driveway on a Town highway. The Highway
Superintendent of the Town of Stafford may impose any special requirements
which the particular situation at the location where such driveway
is sought to be located requires in his judgment under the circumstances.
(1)Â
The applicant shall furnish all material and bear all costs of construction
within the Town highway right-of-way, pay the cost of all work done
and materials furnished as required to meet the conditions of any
permit issued by the Town Highway Superintendent.
(2)Â
No alteration or addition shall be made to any driveway or be relocated
without first securing a new permit from the Town Highway Superintendent.
(3)Â
No more than two driveways to a single commercial establishment entering
on one highway shall be permitted.
(4)Â
The maximum width for a single combined entrance to exit shall be
no more than 50 feet for commercial use and not more than 30 feet
for residential use. The maximum width for each driveway when two
or more are permitted shall not be more than 50 feet.
(5)Â
The angle of the driveway with respect to the pavement shall not
be less than 45°.
(6)Â
No driveway will be permitted where sight distance at pavement edge
is less than 350 feet in each direction.
(7)Â
No driveway shall be permitted within 50 feet of any public highway
intersection boundary line.
(8)Â
A fully dimensioned plan of the proposed driveway shall be attached
to each application for a permit required hereunder.
(9)Â
Any culvert pipe required to be installed at such driveway entrance
or exit shall be of corrugated metal pipe or equal no smaller than
12 inches in diameter and no shorter than 20 feet in length.
(10)Â
No head walls above surface of driveway shall be permitted.
(11)Â
No concrete surface closer to the traveled highway than the
edge of the highway property lines.
(12)Â
Asphalt concrete may connect with traveled road bed under strict
directions of the Highway Superintendent.
(13)Â
A culvert pipe shall be placed so as to allow it to run full
without spilling out onto the highway either on the high or low side
of the pipe.
There shall be no stabling of farm animals or bulk storage of
manure, fertilizer, or similar odor or dust producing substance outside
of a NYS Certified Agricultural District within a Residential (R)
District, or Hamlet (H) District. Such stabling or storage shall be
permitted in any Zoning District within a NYS Certified Agricultural
District and/or within the A-R, C, IP, or I Districts, provided the
following restrictions are observed:
A.Â
No such stabling or storage shall take place within 500 feet of an
R or H District.
B.Â
No such stabling or storage shall take place within 100 feet of a
lot containing a residential use.
C.Â
Disposal of bedding, manure or other animal waste shall be in conformance
with guidelines established by the Natural Resources Conservation
Service (NRCS) and/or Genesee County Soil and Water Conservation District.
The Zoning Enforcement Officer may require an individual who stables
farm animals to provide the Town with an animal waste disposal plan
approved by one of the aforementioned agencies.
A.Â
ADULT BOOKSTORE
ADULT ENTERTAINMENT CABARET
ADULT MINI-MOTION-PICTURE THEATER
ADULT MOTION-PICTURE THEATER
PERSON
SPECIFIED ANATOMICAL AREAS
SPECIFIED SEXUAL ACTIVITIES
Definitions. As used in this chapter, the following terms shall have
the meanings indicated:
An establishment having as a substantial or significant portion
of its stock-in-trade books, magazines, films for sale or viewing
on premises, by use of motion picture devices or any other coin-operated
means and other periodicals which are distinguished or characterized
by their emphasis on matter depicting, describing or relating to specified
sexual activities or specified anatomical areas or an establishment
with a segment or section devoted to the sale or display of such material.
A public or private establishment which features topless
dancers, go-go dancers, exotic dancers, strippers, male or female
impersonators or similar entertainers.
An enclosed building with a capacity of less than 50 persons
used for presenting material distinguished or characterized by an
emphasis on matter depicting, describing or relating to specified
sexual activities or specified anatomical areas for observation by
patrons therein.
An enclosed building with a capacity of 50 or more persons
used regularly and routinely for presenting material having as a dominant
theme material distinguished or characterized by an emphasis on matter
depicting, describing or relating to specific sexual activities or
specified anatomical areas for observation by patrons therein.
Any person, firm, partnership, corporation, association,
or legal representative, acting individually or jointly.
B.Â
Restrictions. Adult uses, including, but not limited to, adult bookstore,
adult motion-picture theater, adult mini-motion-picture theater, and
adult entertainment cabaret shall be permitted upon the issuance of
a special use permit subject to the following restrictions:
(1)Â
No such adult uses shall be allowed within 500 feet of another existing
adult use.
(2)Â
No such adult use shall be located within 25 feet of the boundaries
of any zoning district which is zoned for residential use (A-R or
R).
(3)Â
No such adult use shall be located within 1,000 feet of a preexisting
school or place of worship or children's playground.
(4)Â
No adult use shall be conducted in any manner that permits the observation
of any material depicting, describing or relating to specified sexual
activities or specified anatomical areas from any public way or from
any property not registered as an adult use. This subsection shall
apply to any display, decoration, sign, show window or other opening.
A.Â
Establishment. No person shall establish, operate, or maintain a junkyard until he has obtained a special use permit in compliance with § 182-50.
B.Â
Location.
(1)Â
Said use shall not be located within 200 feet from any highway right-of-way;
100 feet from any body of water or property line; or 500 feet from
any existing dwelling (excluding a dwelling on the lot), church, school,
hospital, public building, or place of public assembly.
(2)Â
In reviewing this special use application, the Town Board shall take
into account, after proof of legal ownership or right to such use
of the property for the permit period by the applicant, the nature
and development of surrounding property, such as the proximity of
churches, schools, hospitals, public buildings, or other places of
public gathering; and whether or not the proposed location can be
reasonably protected from affecting the public health and safety by
reason of offensive or unhealthy odors or smoke, or of other causes.
C.Â
Aesthetic considerations.
(1)Â
The Town Board shall also take into account the clean, wholesome
and attractive environment which has been declared to be of vital
importance to the continued general welfare of its citizens by considering
whether or not the proposed location can be reasonably protected from
having an unfavorable effect thereon. In this connection the Planning
Board may consider collectively the type of road servicing the junkyard
or from which the junkyard may be seen, the natural or artificial
barrier protecting the junkyard from view, the proximity of the proposed
junkyard to established residential and recreational areas or main
access routes thereto, as well as the reasonable availability or other
suitable sites for the junkyard.
(2)Â
Required yards shall be moved as needed and shall be kept free of
unsightly growth. The planting of trees and shrubs to naturally screen
the junkyard shall be encouraged.
D.Â
Fencing.
(1)Â
Before use, a new junkyard shall be completely surrounded with a
fence at least eight feet in height which substantially screens said
area and shall have a suitable gate which shall be closed and locked
except during the working hours of said use. Such fence shall not
be erected nearer than 200 feet from the right-of-way of a public
highway, nor closer than 100 feet to any other property line. All
materials stored or deposited at the site shall be kept within the
enclosure of the fence and below the top of the fence, except during
transportation of same in the reasonable course of business. All storage,
wrecking, or other work shall be accomplished within the area enclosed
by the fence.
(2)Â
Where the topography, land forms, natural growth of trees or other
considerations accomplish the purpose of this section in whole or
in part, the fencing requirements hereunder may be reduced by the
Board; provided, however, that such natural barrier conforms with
the purpose of this section.
E.Â
Existing junkyards. All junkyards existing at the time of adoption
of this chapter shall be limited to the size, area, and scale of the
present use and operation unless a permit is authorized in accordance
with these regulations.
A.Â
Except when incidental to the construction of a building on the same
lot or the construction of a farm pond, the excavation, processing
or sale of sand, gravel or clay or other natural mineral deposits,
or the quarrying of any kind of rock formation, hereafter, shall require
a special use permit from the Planning Board.
(1)Â
Major excavation.
(a)Â
State permit. In order to obtain said special use permit, the
applicant shall furnish evidence of a valid permit from the New York
State Department of Environmental Conservation pursuant to Title 27,
Article 23, of the Environmental Conservation Law when applicable.
(b)Â
Reclamation. The applicant shall further be required to comply
with the reclamation standards established by the New York State Department
of Environmental Conservation while carrying out such use.
(2)Â
Minor excavation.
(a)Â
As part of the application process for a special use permit,
the applicant's plan shall be presented to the Genesee County Soil
and Water Conservation District for its review and comments. Also,
before issuing a special use permit, the Planning Board must find
that such excavation will not endanger the stability of adjacent land
or structures or the quality or quantity of groundwater and that it
does not constitute a detriment to public health, safety or welfare
by reason of excessive dust, noise, traffic, erosion, siltation or
other condition.
(b)Â
In granting said special use permit, the Planning Board shall
specify any reasonable requirement, including the following:
[1]Â
Minimum lot area. The minimum lot area shall be 10 acres.
[2]Â
Minimum setback requirements. All buildings shall be located
not less than 100 feet from any street or property line. The top of
the slope of all excavation operations shall be located or shall occur
not less than 100 feet from any street or property line. The setback
area shall not be used for any use in conjunction with the excavation
and appurtenant activities except for one public notice sign identifying
the use of the property, fencing, berms, buffers, access roads and
parking.
[3]Â
Slope. During mining, the banks of all excavations shall be
maintained at a slope not to exceed the normal angle of repose of
such material.
[4]Â
Drainage. All surface drainage and any waste matter shall be
controlled to prevent any silt, waste products, process residues,
etc., from flowing onto public roads, adjacent property or into any
stream. Excavation areas shall be planned and graded to avoid spasmodic
collection of stagnant water.
[5]Â
Dust. All storage areas, yards, service roads or other untreated
open areas within the boundaries of the excavation area shall be so
maintained and improved as to minimize dust or other wind-blown air
pollutants.
[6]Â
Roadside landscape. Existing trees and ground cover along public
road frontage shall be preserved, maintained and supplemented in the
entire area of the roadside setback for the purpose of screening and
noise reduction. If, however, the existing topography and natural
vegetation does not lend itself to an economically feasible supplement
plan, the operation can, if properly landscaped with grass, trees
and shrubs, grade back the over burden around the perimeter of the
excavation site to create a berm for the purpose of screening and
noise reduction. No berm shall be constructed within 25 feet of any
right-of-way line or other property boundaries.
[7]Â
Fencing. Fencing may be required depending upon the existence
of an earthen berm, the nature of the operations, distance from developed
area, distance from property lines, depth of pit water and slope of
pit walls.
[8]Â
Topsoil. All topsoil and subsoil shall be stripped from the
excavation areas and stockpiled and seeded for use in accordance with
the reclamation plan. The location of topsoil to be stored shall be
identified. Such stockpiles shall be treated to minimize the effects
of erosion by wind or water upon public roads, streams or adjacent
property. This subsection shall be applied to all operations except
that of topsoil removal.
[9]Â
Erosion. The applicant shall include a plan for the control
of soil erosion.
[10]Â
Hours of operation. All operations shall be conducted
between the hours of 7:00 in the morning (7:00 a.m.) and 6:00 in the
evening (6:00 p.m.) with no Sunday or holiday operations, except in
the case of public or private emergency or whenever any reasonable
or necessary repairs to equipment are required to be made.
[11]Â
Blasting and/or processing. Operations involving
blasting and on-site processing of mineral deposits shall not be allowed.
[12]Â
Reclamation plan. The applicant shall submit a
reclamation plan. "Reclamation plan" means the applicant's proposal
for reclaiming the affected land, including a graphic and written
description of the proposed use for all affected land, the method
of reclamation and a schedule for performing reclamation. Where feasible,
reclamation shall be a continuing operation. Grading, topsoil replacement
and replanting of the area designated for restoration shall continue
during the permit period. All reclamation work shall be complete within
one year after the termination of operations, at the expense of the
operator.
[13]Â
Performance bond. A performance bond or some other
financial guarantee may be required to assure that the conditions
stipulated in the approval of the special use permit are carried out.
(3)Â
Duration of special use permit.
(a)Â
The special use permit for a minor excavation shall be issued
for a period of one year, subject to a subsequent annual review and
recertification by the Planning Board based on a written request for
such continuance, which request shall be submitted to the Town Zoning
Enforcement Officer at least 60 days prior to the expiration of each
such one-year period. A public hearing shall not be required for such
annual recertification, except upon motion of the Planning Board or
Town Board.
(b)Â
The special use permit for a major excavation shall continue
as long as its New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
permit remains in effect, it complies with the terms therein, and
it meets the reclamation standards established by the New York State
Department of Environmental Conservation.
(c)Â
If on-site mining or processing operations are not carried out
continuously for one year for a major or minor excavation, the site
shall be considered abandoned, and, prior to any further excavation
or processing, a new permit shall be required.
B.Â
Except when incidental to the construction of a building on the same
lot, or the construction of a farm pond, the excavation, processing
or sale of topsoil, earth, sand, gravel or clay or other natural mineral
deposits, or the quarrying of any kind of rock formation, hereafter,
may be permitted as a special permit use in the Agricultural and Residential
District upon the approval of a special use permit by the Planning
Board.
C.Â
In its consideration of an application for a special use permit,
the Planning Board shall find that such excavation will not endanger
the stability of adjacent land or structures or constitute a detriment
to public health, safety, convenience or welfare by reason of excessive
dust, noise, traffic, erosion, siltation or other condition. In granting
a permit the Planning Board shall specify any reasonable requirements
for those commercial excavations not directly regulated by the NYS
Department of Environmental Conservation pursuant to Title 27, Article
23, of the Environmental Conservation Law. Commercial excavations
regulated directly by NYSDEC shall comply with the requirements set
forth by DEC together with any Town requirements which may be applied
to similar industrial types of uses. Planning Board specifications
for commercial excavations not directly regulated by DEC shall include
such conditions as may be necessary to protect the public health,
safety, convenience and welfare.
All proposals for installation and/or modification of animal waste storage facilities shall be permitted only on property where the stabling of farm animals is permitted pursuant to § 182-33 above and shall be submitted to the Genesee County Soil and Water Conservation District (GCSWCD) for their review and determination as to acceptability. If a proposal is acceptable to GCSWCD, then the Planning Board will consider the potential impacts posed by such a facility upon surrounding land uses prior to taking final action. The Planning Board may grant or deny the permit, may set conditions relating thereto and may expand or modify the recommendations of the GCSWCD.
A.Â
Establishment. No person shall establish, operate or maintain a contractor's
yard until they have obtained a special use permit issued by the Planning
Board in accordance with all applicable provisions of this chapter.
B.Â
Location requirements. Said use shall not be located within the required
front yard setback; 100 feet from any body of water or side property
line; or 500 feet from any existing dwelling (excluding a dwelling
on the lot), church, school, hospital, public building or place of
public assembly. In reviewing this special use application the Planning
Board shall take into account the nature and development of surrounding
property, such as the proximity of surrounding residences.
C.Â
Aesthetic considerations. The Planning Board shall also take into
account the clean, wholesome and attractive environment which has
been declared to be of vital importance to the continued general welfare
of its citizens by considering whether or not the proposed location
can be reasonably protected from having an unfavorable effect thereon.
In this connection the Planning Board may consider collectively the
type of road servicing the contractor's yard or from which the contractor's
yard may be seen, the natural or artificial barrier protecting the
contractor's yard from view, the proximity of the proposed contractor's
yard to established residential and recreational areas or main access
routes thereto, as well as the reasonable availability of other suitable
sites for contractor's yards. Required yards shall be mowed as needed
and shall be kept free of unsightly growth. The planting of trees
and shrubs to naturally screen the contractor's yard shall be encouraged.
D.Â
Fencing. Before use, the equipment and materials storage area of
a new contractor's yard shall be completely surrounded with a fence
at least eight feet in height which substantially screens said area
and shall have a suitable gate which shall be closed and locked except
during the working hours of said use. Such fence shall be erected
in a manner acceptable to the Planning Board. All materials stored
or deposited at the site shall be kept within the enclosure of the
fence except during transportation of same in the reasonable course
of business. Where the topography, land forms, natural growth of trees
or other considerations accomplish the purpose of this section in
whole or in part, the fencing requirements hereunder may be reduced
by the Planning Board; provided, however, that such natural barrier
conforms with the purpose of this section.
E.Â
Annual review. Pursuant to § 182-50, the Zoning Enforcement Officer shall inspect at least annually the operation of a contractor's yard to make sure it complies with the provisions of this chapter and any and all conditions prescribed by the Planning Board when issuing the special use permit.
No commercial communication tower or antenna(s) shall hereafter
be used, erected, moved, reconstructed, changed or altered unless
in conformity with these regulations.
A.Â
Shared use of existing towers and/or structure.
(1)Â
At all times, shared use of an existing tower and/or structure (i.e.,
another commercial communications tower, water tower, building, etc.)
shall be preferred to the construction of a new commercial communication
tower. An applicant shall be required to present an adequate report
inventorying existing towers or other structures within reasonable
distance of the proposed site and outlining opportunities for shared
use of existing facilities as an alternative to a proposed new commercial
communication tower. The installation of a commercial communications
antenna(s) on an existing structure located within the A-R, C, IP
and I Districts shall be considered a permitted accessory use not
subject to site plan review, provided the following criteria are met:
(a)Â
The existing structure is not increased in height more than
25 feet above its original height, provided no structure shall be
increased to a height in excess of 195 feet. Such increase in height
shall be limited to once per structure and shall not otherwise significantly
alter the visual appearance of the structure;
(b)Â
The antenna(s) do not extend above such structure more than
10 feet; and
(c)Â
The applicant provides the necessary documentation to the Zoning
Enforcement Officer to verify the existing structure and proposed
antenna(s) installation would comply with the NYS Uniform Fire Prevention
and Building Code.
(2)Â
An applicant proposing to share use of an existing tower and/or structure
shall be required to document intent from an existing tower/structure
owner to allow shared use.
B.Â
New or altered towers and/or structures.
(1)Â
The Planning Board may, in its sole discretion, consider a new or
altered (including tower or structure which are modified, reconstructed,
or changed) commercial communication tower/structure where the applicant
demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Planning Board that shared
usage of an existing tower/structure is impractical. The applicant
shall be required to submit a report demonstrating good faith efforts
to secure shared use from existing towers or other structures as well
as documentation of the physical and/or financial reasons why shared
usage is not practical. Written requests and responses for shared
use shall be provided.
(2)Â
The applicant shall be required to submit a site plan in accordance with § 182-27 for all commercial communication towers that are proposed to be erected, moved, reconstructed, changed or altered. Site plan review will also be required in those instances when antenna(s) are being added to existing structures not in compliance with the criteria set forth in Subsection A of this section. In addition to § 182-27, the site plan shall show all existing and proposed structures and improvements, including roads, buildings, tower(s), guy wire anchors, parking and landscaping and shall include grading plans for new facilities and roads.
C.Â
Supporting documentation. The Planning Board shall require that the site plan include a completed visual environmental assessment form (visual EAF — SEQR) and documentation on the proposed intent and capacity of use as well as a justification for the height of any tower or antenna and justification for any required clearing. The applicant must provide a coverage/interference analysis and capacity analysis that location of the antennas as proposed is necessary to meet the frequency reuse and spacing needs of the cellular system and to provide adequate portable cellular telephone coverage and capacity to areas which cannot be adequately served by locating the antennas in a less restrictive district. The Planning Board may require submittal of a more detailed visual analysis based on the results of the visual EAF in addressing this subsection and Subsections J and K of this section.
D.Â
Shared usage of site with new tower. Where shared usage of an existing tower or other structure is found to be impractical, as determined in the sole discretion of the Planning Board, the applicant shall investigate shared usage of an existing tower or other structure site for its ability to accommodate a new tower and accessory uses. Documentation and conditions shall be in accordance with Subsection B of this section. Any new commercial communication tower approved for a site with an existing tower or other structure site shall be subject to the standards of Subsections F through N of this section.
E.Â
New tower at a new location. The Planning Board may consider a new commercial communication tower on a site not previously developed with an existing tower or other structure when the applicant demonstrates that shared usage of an existing tower site is impractical, as determined in the sole discretion of the Planning Board, and submits a report as described in Subsection B of this section.
F.Â
Future shared usage of new towers. The applicant must design a proposed
commercial communication tower to accommodate future demand for commercial
broadcasting and reception facilities. This requirement may be waived,
provided that the applicant demonstrates, in the sole discretion of
the Planning Board, that provisions of future shared usage of the
facility is not feasible and an unnecessary burden based upon:
(1)Â
The number of Federal Communications Commission (FCC) licenses foreseeably
available for the area;
(2)Â
The kind of tower site and structure proposed;
(3)Â
The number of existing and potential licenses without tower spaces;
(4)Â
Available spaces on existing and approved towers; and
(5)Â
Potential adverse visual impact by a tower designed for shared usage.
G.Â
Setbacks for new towers. All proposed commercial communication towers
and accessory structures shall be set back from abutting residential
parcels, public property or street lines a distance sufficient to
contain on-site substantially all ice-fall or debris from tower failure
and preserve the privacy of adjoining residential properties.
(1)Â
All commercial communication tower bases must be located at a minimum
setback from any property line at a distance at least equal to the
tower height plus 35 feet, or the distance between the tower base
and guy wire anchors, or the minimum setback of the underlying zoning
district, or a minimum setback at a distance which shall be established
in the sole discretion of the Planning Board based on the unique characteristics
of the site, whichever of the foregoing is greater.
(2)Â
Accessory structures must comply with the minimum setback requirements
in the underlying district.
H.Â
Visual impact assessment. The Planning Board shall require the applicant
to undertake a visual impact assessment of any proposed new towers
or any proposed modifications of an existing tower that will increase
the height of the existing tower. Construction of a new commercial
communication tower or modification of an existing tower shall be
subject to those guidelines and criteria listed below that the Planning
Board, in its sole discretion, deems appropriate at the presubmission
conference:
(1)Â
Assessment of before and after views from key viewpoints both inside
and outside of the Town, including state highways and other major
roads, from state and local parks, from other public lands; from any
privately owned preserves and historic sites normally open to the
public, and from any other location where the site is visible to a
large number of residents, visitors or travelers.
(3)Â
Assessment of visual impact of the tower base, guy wires, accessory
buildings and overhead utility lines from abutting properties and
streets.
I.Â
New tower design. Alternate designs shall be considered for new towers,
including lattice and single pole structures. Plans should show that
the owner of the commercial communication tower has agreed to permit
other persons to attach other communication apparatus which do not
interfere with the primary purposes of the commercial communication
tower, provided that such other persons agree to negotiate a reasonable
compensation to the owner from such liability as may result from such
attachment. The design of a proposed new tower shall comply with the
following:
(1)Â
The minimum required lot size for construction of a commercial communication
tower shall be five acres.
(2)Â
The maximum height of any new commercial communication tower shall
be 195 feet.
(3)Â
Unless specifically required by other regulations, all towers shall
have a neutral, earth tone, sky tone or similar finish that will minimize
the degree of visual impact that the new tower may have. Artificial
lighting, including strobes, beacons and other hazard avoidance lighting,
shall be limited to that required by the Federal Aviation Administration
(FAA) or other governmental agency, recognized safety guidelines and
the Planning Board.[1]
(4)Â
Any new tower and its foundation shall be designed and constructed
to have the minimum height and carrying capacity needed to provide
future shared usage (co-locating of a minimum of two additional providers).
(5)Â
The Planning Board may request a review of the application by the
Town Engineer, or other engineer selected by the Planning Board, for
evaluation of need for and design of any new tower. The costs associated
for such review shall be borne by the applicant.
(6)Â
Accessory facilities shall maximize use of building materials, colors
and textures designed to blend with the natural surroundings.
(7)Â
No portion of a tower may be used for signs or advertising purposes,
including company name, banners, streamers, etc.
(8)Â
The applicant shall provide documentation acceptable to the Planning
Board that certifies the operation of the proposed commercial communication
tower facility will not interfere with usual and customary transmission
or reception of radio, television or other communication equipment.
(9)Â
Space on communication towers shall be made available for public
safety purposes (i.e., Genesee County Public Safety Radio System)
at no cost to public safety agencies.
J.Â
Existing vegetation. Existing on-site vegetation shall be preserved
to the maximum extent possible, and no cutting of trees exceeding
four inches in diameter (measured at a height of four feet off the
ground) shall take place prior to approval of the special use permit.
Clear cutting of all trees in a single contiguous area exceeding 20,000
square feet shall be prohibited.
K.Â
Screening. Deciduous or evergreen tree plantings may be required
to screen portions of the tower and accessory structures from nearby
residential property as well as from public sites known to include
important views or vistas. Where the site abuts residential or public
property, including streets, the following vegetative screening shall
be required. For all commercial communication towers, at least one
row of native evergreen shrubs or trees capable of forming a continuous
hedge at least 10 feet in height within two years of planting shall
be provided to effectively screen the tower base and accessory facilities.
In the case of poor soil conditions, planting may be required on soil
berms to assure plant survival. Plant height in these cases shall
include the height of any berm.
L.Â
Access. Adequate emergency and service access shall be provided.
Maximum use of existing roads, public or private, shall be made. Road
construction shall, at all times, minimize grounds disturbance and
vegetation cutting to within the toe of fill, the top of cuts, or
no more than 10 feet beyond the edge of any pavement. Road grades
shall closely follow natural contours to assure minimal visual disturbance
and reduce soil erosion potential.
M.Â
Parking. Parking shall be provided in accordance with § 182-30. No parking space shall be located in any required yard.
N.Â
Fencing. Sites of proposed
new commercial communication towers and sites where modifications
to existing towers are proposed shall be adequately enclosed by a
fence eight feet in height from finished grade, unless the applicant
demonstrates, to the sole discretion of the Planning Board, that such
measures are unnecessary to ensure the security of the facility. Such
security fencing shall surround the tower base as well as each guy
anchor.
O.Â
Maintenance and/or performance. Prior to approval of any application,
the Planning Board, in its sole discretion, may require the applicant
and/or owner to post and file with the Town Clerk a maintenance and/or
performance bond or other form of security acceptable to the Town
Attorney, in an amount sufficient to cover the installation, maintenance
and/or construction of said tower during its lifetime and provide
for its removal. The amount required shall be determined in the sole
discretion of the Planning Board, based upon the unique characteristics
of the tower and site. In furtherance of the foregoing, the applicant
and/or owner shall cooperate with the Planning Board in supplying
all necessary construction and maintenance data to the Board prior
to approval of any application to accomplish the foregoing.
P.Â
Removal of obsolete/unused facilities. Approval of a new commercial
communication tower facility shall be conditioned upon the applicant's
agreement to remove such facility once it is no longer used. Removal
of such obsolete and/or unused commercial communication towers facilities
shall take place within 12 months of cessation of use. The applicant
shall submit an executed removal agreement with their application
to ensure compliance with this requirement.
The purpose of this section is to provide for the construction
of ponds that are adequately designed and located so as to not pose
adverse impacts upon surrounding land uses. Stormwater/erosion control
ponds that are part of an approved stormwater management system with
stamped drawings by an engineer licensed in the State of New York
shall not be subject to the provision under this section and are allowed
per right in all zoning districts. Farm water supply, conservancy
and fire protection or other ponds may be located within the A-R,
C, IP and I Districts upon issuance of a special use permit, provided
the following criteria are met:
A.Â
The proposed pond is located not less than 100 feet from any property
line. This setback distance shall be measured from the edge of the
surface of the water at its highest level.
B.Â
The proposed pond design is considered acceptable by the Genesee
County Soil and Water Conservation District (GCSWCD) or another entity
deemed acceptable to the Planning Board.
C.Â
The pond is constructed in conformance with the design specifications in Subsection B of this section, including any reseeding or revegetation requirements.
D.Â
Any soil excavated in the construction of a pond shall not be removed
from the affected parcel without the specific authorization of the
Planning Board in issuing the special use permit.
A.Â
Purpose. The purpose of this section is to preserve and protect public
health and safety without significantly increasing the cost or decreasing
the efficiency of a wind energy system and to allow for the orderly
development of land, protect property values, and aesthetic conditions.
This section does not repeal, annul, impair, or interfere with any
existing ordinance or local law.
B.Â
Authority. The Town Board of the Town of Stafford enacts this section
under the authority granted by:
(1)Â
Article IX of the New York State Constitution § 2(c)(6)
and (10).
(2)Â
New York Statute of Local Governments § 10, Subdivisions
1 and 7.
(3)Â
New York Municipal Home Rule Law § 10, Subdivisions 1(i)
and (ii) and 1a(6), (11), (12), and (14).
(4)Â
New York Town Law § 130, Subdivision 1 (Building Code),
Subdivision 3 (Electrical Code), Subdivision 5 (Fire Prevention),
Subdivision 7 (Use of streets and highways), Subdivsion 7-a (Location
of Driveways), Subdivision 11 (Peace, good order and safety), Subdivsion
15 (Promotion of public welfare), Subdivision 15-a (Excavated Lands),
Subdivision 16 (Unsafe buildings), Subdivision 19 (Trespass), and
Subdivision 25 (Building lines).
(5)Â
The supersession authority of New York Municipal Home Rule Law § 10,
Subdivision 2(d)(3) specifically as it relates to determining which
body shall have the power to grant variances under this section to
the extent such grant of power is different than under Town law § 267.
(6)Â
New York Town Law § 64, Subdivision 17-a (protection of
aesthetic interests) and Subdivision 23 (General powers).
(7)Â
The State Environmental Quality Review Act ("SEQRA").
C.Â
Findings. The Town of Stafford used a citizens committee to collect
relevant unbiased information on wind turbines. Based on this investigation
the committee, by majority, voted that commercial wind turbines are
not suitable for the Town of Stafford. The siting of wind turbines
is typically restricted by the potential adverse impacts they may
have on established features of the nearby areas, most commonly roadways
and residences. Many potential adverse impacts are mitigated by establishing
suitable setbacks or distances between wind turbines and roadways
or residential property. Where applicable, minimum restrictions are
to be from property lines. Restrictions should follow wind energy
system size and should take into account tower height and rotor diameter.
Restrictions for different adverse impacts will overlap. A conservative
approach is to use combined restrictions which mitigate all adverse
impacts.
D.Â
COMMERCIAL WIND ENERGY SYSTEM
ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE (EMI)
METEOROLOGICAL TOWERS (MET TOWERS)
NONCOMMERCIAL WIND ENERGY SYSTEM
ROTOR DIAMETER
SHADOW FLICKER
STRAY CURRENT
TOTAL HEIGHT
WIND ENERGY SYSTEM
WIND TOWER
Definitions. As used in this section, the following terms shall have
the meanings indicated:
A wind energy system that is operated primarily (51% or more)
to put energy into the electric grid, and/or has a nameplate capacity
of more than 50 kilowatts (kW), and/or a total height of more than
175 feet, and/or a blade length of more than 30 feet.
The interference to communication systems created by the
scattering of electromagnetic signals.
Towers or poles that are used to continuously record wind
speed and direction data. Other parameters such as air temperature
and pressure may also be collected. MET towers shall be considered
parts of a wind energy system and are subject to all applicable provisions
of this section, including height restrictions.
A wind energy system that is operated primarily (51% or more)
for on-site (may be for more than one parcel) consumption, and has
a nameplate capacity of 50 kilowatts (kW) or less, and a total height
of 175 feet or less, and a blade length of 30 feet or less. These
are also defined as wind energy conversion systems (WECS) or small
wind energy production facilities.
The largest diameter formed by the blades when assembled
and mounted on the wind energy system.
The alternating pattern of sun and shade caused by wind tower
blades casting a shadow.
The inappropriate application of current to the ground or
earth. For the purpose of this section, it is the measurable addition
of current to ground resulting from improper installation or deterioration
of the electrical portion of a wind energy system. The National Electrical
Safety Code set the conditions that grounding connection points shall
be so arranged that under normal circumstances there will be no objectionable
flow of current over the grounding conductor. The National Electrical
Safety Code set the conditions that earth (ground) should not be part
of a supply circuit for both safety and service reasons. The most
current revision of the National Electrical Safety Code shall apply.
The vertical distance from ground level to the tip of a wind
turbine blade when the tip is at its highest point.
Equipment that converts and then stores or transfers energy
from the wind into usable forms of energy and includes any base, blade,
foundation, generator, nacelle, rotor, tower, transformer, turbine,
vane, wire, substation, maintenance or control facilities, or any
other components used in the system. A wind energy system can consist
of one or more wind towers. Wind energy systems do not include small
lawn decoration, pond aerators, or remaining portions of mechanical
water pumping windmills.
The monopole, freestanding, or guyed structure that supports
a wind turbine generator.
E.Â
Compliance. It is unlawful for any person to construct, install,
maintain, modify, or operate a wind energy system that is not in compliance
with this section or with any condition contained in a special use
or zoning permit issued pursuant to this chapter.
F.Â
Commercial wind energy systems prohibited. Commercial wind energy
systems shall not be allowed in any area or zone within the Town of
Stafford.
G.Â
Permit requirements.
(1)Â
Special use permit. A special use permit is required for noncommercial
wind energy systems and for any wind energy system or a component
thereof, except for noncommercial wind energy systems located in county-adopted,
state-certified Agricultural Districts for primary on-farm use.
(2)Â
Zoning permit. A zoning permit and site plan review are required
for the installation of any wind tower that is part of a wind energy
system.
(3)Â
Ownership. In cases where the owner of the property is not the applicant/owner
of the wind energy conversion system a clear order of liability will
be established. A signed and notarized legal document from the owner
of record of the property on which a wind energy system will be located
recognizing liability for compliance to all requirements of this law
if the applicant/owner of the wind energy system is unable to comply.
(5)Â
Fees.
(a)Â
The application for a special use permit for a noncommercial
wind energy system, except for noncommercial wind energy systems located
in county-adopted, state-certified Agricultural Districts must be
accompanied by the fee required for a special use permit.
(b)Â
The application for a zoning permit for each tower in a noncommercial
wind energy system must be accompanied by the fee required for a zoning
permit.
H.Â
Restoration requirement (see also restoration section under agricultural
mitigation).
(1)Â
A wind energy system that is out of service for a continuous twelve-month
period or any wind energy system found to be unsafe by the Building
Code Enforcement Officer and not repaired by the owner to meet federal,
state and local safety standards within six months will be deemed
to have been abandoned. The Zoning Enforcement Officer may issue a
notice of abandonment in form of a letter to the owner of a wind energy
system that is deemed to have been abandoned. The Zoning Enforcement
Officer will withdraw the notice of abandonment if the owner provides
information within 30 days from the date of the notice that causes
the Zoning Enforcement Officer to determine that the wind energy system
has not been abandoned.
(2)Â
The owner of a wind energy system must provide the Zoning Enforcement
Officer with a written notice of termination of operations if the
operation of a wind energy system is terminated.
(3)Â
Within three months of receipt of notice of abandonment or within
six months of providing notice of termination of operations, the owner
of a wind energy system must:
(a)Â
Remove all wind turbines, aboveground improvements, and outdoor
storage;
(b)Â
Remove all foundations, pads, and underground electrical wires
to a depth of four feet below the surface of the ground;
(c)Â
Remove all hazardous material as defined by NYSDEC from the
property and dispose of the hazardous material in accordance with
federal and state law; and
(d)Â
All disturbed areas will be decompacted and the topsoil will
be replaced to original depth reestablishing original contours where
possible.
I.Â
Special use permit or zoning permit requirements. In addition to
those criteria set forth under other sections of this chapter, the
Planning Board shall consider the following factors when setting conditions
upon special use permits or site plans issued for all wind energy
systems and may hire a professional engineer or consultant to assist
in the review of an application at the applicant's expense:
(1)Â
Proposed ingress and egress.
(2)Â
Proximity to transmission lines to link the system to the electric
power grid.
(3)Â
Number of wind towers and their location.
(4)Â
Nature of land use on adjacent and nearby properties.
(5)Â
Location of other wind energy systems in the surrounding area.
(6)Â
Surrounding topography.
(7)Â
Proximity to residential structures, residential zoning districts,
or areas identified for future residential use.
(8)Â
Design characteristics that may reduce or eliminate visual obtrusiveness.
(9)Â
Possible adverse effects on migratory birds, and other animals and
wildlife.
(10)Â
Possible adverse effects of stray voltage, interference with
broadcast signals, shadow flicker, and noise.
(11)Â
Impact on the orderly development, property values, and aesthetic
conditions.
(12)Â
Possible adverse effects on groundwater quality or quantity.
(13)Â
Recommendations of the County Planning Board.
(14)Â
Any other factors that are relevant to the proposed system.
J.Â
Standards.
(1)Â
Location. A wind energy system may only be located in areas that
are zoned Agricultural-Residential (A-R).
(2)Â
Setbacks. Each wind tower in a wind energy system must be set back
twice the height of each wind tower or ten-rotor diameters, whichever
is longer, as measured from the center of the base of the tower from
the following:
(a)Â
From any state forest, public park, or any other area that has
been set aside for the sole purpose of preserving a unique wildlife
habitat or natural formation recognized by a state, federal or local
government.
(b)Â
From important bird areas.
(c)Â
From the property line of the parcel on which the wind tower
is located.
(d)Â
Of any public access building that is on any parcel.
(e)Â
From the right-of-way of any public road.
(f)Â
From any residence or building that is on any parcel.
K.Â
Spacing and density. A wind tower must be separated from any other
wind tower by a minimum distance equal to twice the height of the
wind tower and by a sufficient distance so that the wind tower does
not interfere with the other wind tower.
L.Â
Structure. A wind tower must be of monopole construction to the extent
practicable. If monopole construction is not practicable, a wind tower
must be of freestanding construction to the extent practicable. If
monopole or freestanding construction is not practicable, a wind tower
may be guyed.
M.Â
Height. The total height of a wind energy system shall not exceed
175 feet. Other maximum building/structure height restrictions within
other sections of this chapter are not applicable.
N.Â
Clearance. The vertical distance from ground level to the tip of
a wind turbine blade when the blade is at its lowest point must be
at least 30 feet.
O.Â
Access and safety.
(1)Â
Security. A wind tower, including any climbing aids, must be secured
against unauthorized access by means of a locked barrier. A security
fence shall be required, which shall be a minimum of eight feet high.
(2)Â
Climbing aids. Monopole wind towers shall have all climbing aids
and any platforms locked and wholly inside the tower.
(3)Â
Operational safety. Wind towers shall have an automatic braking,
governing or feathering system to prevent uncontrolled rotation, overspeeding
and excessive pressure on the tower structure, rotor blades and turbine
components.
(4)Â
Lightning. All wind towers shall provide a continuous electrical
path to the ground to protect the tower from lightning.
(5)Â
Access roads. All wind energy systems shall use existing roads to
provide access to the facility site, or if new roads are needed, minimize
the amount of land used for new roads and locate them so as to minimize
adverse environmental impacts.
P.Â
Electrical wires.
(1)Â
Location. All electrical wires associated with a wind energy system
must be located underground and must be located in a manner that does
not interfere with reasonably expected farm practices (see also construction
section under agricultural mitigation).
(2)Â
Transmission lines. All wind energy systems shall combine transmission
lines and points of connection to local distribution lines.
(3)Â
Substations. All wind energy systems shall connect the facility to
existing substations, or if new substations are needed, minimize the
number of new substations.
(4)Â
Stray current. Properly installed wind energy systems will not generate
this form of electrical pollution often referred to as stray or ground
current. A measurement of before and after installation to insure
no gain in existing electrical pollution is required for all wind
energy systems over 10kw. Wind energy systems of any size may be measured
on an on/off basis to resolve any complaint of electrical pollution.
Mitigation must be immediate with the wind energy system shut down
until complete. Compliance with the National Electric Safety Code
for both installation and testing protocol is required.
Q.Â
Lighting. A wind tower and turbine may not be artificially lighted
unless such lighting is required by the Federal Aviation Administration
(FAA), other governmental agency, recognized safety guidelines (i.e.,
Mercy Flight), or the Planning Board. If lighting is required, the
lighting must comply with FAA minimum requirements and, whenever possible,
be at the lowest intensity allowed. If more than one lighting alternative
is available, the Town Planning Board reserves the right to choose
the least obtrusive lighting option available.
R.Â
Buildings and outdoor storage. Any ancillary buildings and any outside
storage associated with a wind energy system must, to the extent reasonably
possible, use materials, colors, textures, screening and landscaping
that will blend the facility into the natural setting and existing
environment (i.e., in an agricultural setting accessory buildings
could be designed to look like barns). Appropriate landscaping or
architecture shall be provided to screen accessory structures from
roads and adjacent residences.
S.Â
Aesthetics.
(1)Â
Appearance, color, and finish. The exterior surface of any visible
components of a wind energy system must be a nonreflective, neutral
color.
(2)Â
Visual impact assessment. The applicant shall complete a visual environmental
assessment form (visual EAF — SEQR), as well as a visual impact
assessment of any, proposed wind energy systems or any proposed modifications
to existing wind energy systems. The visual impact assessment shall
include assessment of visual impact from abutting properties and streets
of the tower base, guy wires, accessory buildings and any other element
of the wind energy system identified by the Town or County Planning
Board or Town Board.
T.Â
Signs. No wind tower, turbine, building, or other structure associated
with a wind energy system may be used to advertise or promote any
product or service. A weather-resistant sign plate no greater than
two square feet in size containing the current owner or operator,
emergency phone number, and current address of such owner/operator
shall be located on the exterior surface of the tower or of the fence
surrounding each tower and viewable by a Zoning Enforcement Officer.
No other word or graphic representation, other than appropriate warning
signs, may be placed on a wind turbine, tower, building, or other
structure associated with a wind energy system so as to be visible
from any public road.
U.Â
Agricultural mitigation. The following shall apply to construction
areas for wind energy systems located in county-adopted, state-certified
agricultural districts. The applicant is required to coordinate with
the New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets (Ag. and
Markets) to develop an appropriate schedule for milestone inspections
to assure that the goals are being met. When required by the Town,
the applicant shall hire an environmental monitor to oversee the construction
and restoration in agricultural fields. The person or company hired
as an environmental monitor shall be approved by the Town and paid
by the applicant.
(1)Â
Siting.
(a)Â
Minimize impacts to normal farming operations by locating structures
along field edges where possible.
(b)Â
Locate access roads, which cross agricultural fields, along
ridge tops where possible to eliminate the need for cut and fill and
reduce the risk of creating drainage problems.
(c)Â
Avoid dividing larger fields into smaller fields, which are
more difficult to farm, by locating access roads along the edge of
agricultural fields where possible.
(d)Â
All existing drainage and erosion control structures, such as
diversions, ditches, and tile lines, shall be avoided or appropriate
measures taken to maintain the design and effectiveness of the existing
structures. Any structures disturbed during construction shall be
repaired to as close to original condition as possible, as soon as
possible, unless such structures are to be eliminated based on a new
design.
(2)Â
Construction.
(a)Â
The surface of access roads constructed through agricultural
fields shall be level with the adjacent field surface.
(b)Â
Where necessary, culverts and waterbars shall be installed to
maintain natural drainage patterns.
(c)Â
All topsoil must be stripped from agricultural areas used for
vehicle and equipment traffic and parking. All vehicle and equipment
traffic and parking shall be limited to the access road and/or designated
work areas, such as tower sites and laydown areas. No vehicles or
equipment will be allowed outside the work area without prior approval
from the landowner and, when applicable, the environmental monitor.
(d)Â
Topsoil from work areas (tower sites, parking areas, open-cut
electric cable trenches, along access roads) shall be stockpiled separate
from other excavated material (rock and/or subsoil). At least 50 feet
of temporary workspace is needed along open-cut electric cable trenches
for proper topsoil segregation. Topsoil stockpile areas shall be clearly
designated in the field and on the on-site working set of construction
drawings. Stockpiles will be located far enough from access roads
and work areas to eliminate the possibility of vehicles inadvertently
compacting this soil.
(e)Â
In cropland, hayland and improved pasture a minimum depth of
48 inches of cover will be required for all buried electric wires.
In unimproved grazing areas and land permanently devoted to pasture,
a minimum depth of 36 inches of cover will be required. In areas where
the depth of soil over bedrock ranges from zero to 48 inches, the
electric wires shall be buried entirely below the top of the bedrock
or at the depth specified for the particular land use whichever is
less. At no time will the depth of cover be less than 24 inches below
the soil surface.
(f)Â
All excess subsoil and rock shall be removed from the site.
On-site disposal of such material may be allowed if approved by the
landowner and, when applicable, the environmental monitor, with appropriate
consideration given to any possible agricultural or environmental
impacts. (NOTE: Any permits necessary for disposal under local, state
and/or federal laws and regulations must be obtained by the contractor,
with the cooperation of the landowner when required.)
(g)Â
In pasture areas, work areas will be fenced to prevent livestock
access, consistent with landowner agreements.
(h)Â
All pieces of wire, bolts, and other unused metal objects will
be picked up and properly disposed of as soon as practical after the
unloading and packing of turbine components so that these objects
will not be mixed with any topsoil. (NOTE: Any permits necessary for
disposal under local, state and/or federal laws and regulations must
be obtained by the contractor, with the cooperation of the landowner
when required.)
(i)Â
Travel of all heavy equipment (including concrete trucks and
erection cranes) will be limited to designated access roads and gravel
crane pads at all times.
(j)Â
Excess concrete will not be buried or left on the surface in
active agricultural areas. Concrete trucks will be washed outside
of active agricultural areas. (NOTE: Any permits necessary for disposal
under local, state and/or federal laws and regulations must be obtained
by the contractor, with the cooperation of the landowner when required.)
(3)Â
Restoration.
(a)Â
Restoration scheduling will be consistent with the seasonal
limitations identified by Ag and Markets and will be incorporated
into the project's agricultural district notice of intent (if applicable)
as well as the stormwater management plan (general permit).
(b)Â
Following construction, all disturbed agricultural areas will
be decompacted to a depth of 18 inches with a deep ripper or heavy-duty
chisel plow. In areas where the topsoil was stripped, soil decompaction
shall be conducted prior to topsoil replacement. Following decompaction,
all rocks four inches and larger in size will be removed from the
surface of the subsoil prior to replacement of the topsoil. The topsoil
will be replaced to original depth and the original contours will
be reestablished where possible. All rocks four inches and larger
shall be removed from the surface of the topsoil. Subsoil decompaction
and topsoil replacement should be avoided after October 1, unless
approved on a site-specific basis by the landowner in consultation
with Ag and Markets. All parties involved should be cognizant that
areas restored after October 1 may not obtain sufficient growth to
prevent erosion over the winter months. If areas are to be restored
after October 1, some provision should be made to restore any eroded
areas in the springtime, to establish proper growth.
(c)Â
All access roads will be regraded to allow for farm equipment
crossing and to restore original surface drainage patterns, or other
drainage patterns incorporated into the design.
(d)Â
All restored agricultural areas shall be seeded with the seed
mix specified by the landowner, in order to maintain consistency with
the surrounding areas.
(e)Â
All surface or subsurface drainage structures damaged during
construction shall be repaired to as close to preconstruction conditions
as possible, unless said structures are to be removed as part of the
project design.
(f)Â
Following restoration, all construction debris will be removed
from the site.
(4)Â
Two-year monitoring and remediation.
(a)Â
The applicant will provide a monitoring and remediation period of no less than two years immediately following the completion of initial restoration. The two-year period allows for the effects of climatic cycles, such as frost action, precipitation and growing seasons, to occur, from which various monitoring determinations can be made. The monitoring and remediation phase will be used to identify any remaining agricultural impacts associated with construction that are in need of mitigation and to implement the follow-up restoration. The applicant will provide to the Town all testing, data and reports necessary to document compliance with Subsection U(4)(a) through (e) herein.
(b)Â
General conditions to be monitored include topsoil thickness,
relative content of rock and large stones, trench settling, crop production,
drainage and repair of severed fences, etc. Impacts will be identified
through on-site monitoring of all agricultural areas impacted by construction
and through contact with respective farmland operators and Ag and
Markets.
(c)Â
Topsoil deficiency and trench settling shall be mitigated with
imported topsoil that is consistent with the quality of topsoil on
the affected site. Excessive amounts of rock and oversized stone material
will be determined by a visual inspection of disturbed areas as compared
to portions of the same field located outside the construction area.
All excess rocks and large stones will be removed and disposed of
by the applicant.
(d)Â
When the subsequent crop productivity within affected areas
is less than that of the adjacent unaffected agricultural land, the
applicant as well as other appropriate parties will help to determine
the appropriate rehabilitation measures to be implemented. Because
conditions which require remediation may not be noticeable at, or
shortly after, the completion of construction, the signing of a release
form prior to the end of the remediation period will not obviate the
applicant's responsibility to fully redress all project impacts.
(e)Â
Subsoil compaction shall be tested using an appropriate soil
penetrometer or other soil compaction measuring device. Compaction
tests will be made for each soil type identified on the affected agricultural
fields. The subsoil compaction test results within the affected area
will be compared with those of the adjacent unaffected portion of
the farm representative subsoil density of the unaffected areas, additional
shattering of the soil profile will be performed using the appropriate
equipment. Deep shattering will be applied during periods of relatively
low soil moisture to ensure the desired mitigation and to prevent
additional subsoil compaction. Oversized stone/rock material which
is uplifted to the surface as a result of the deep shattering will
be removed.
V.Â
Noise. Audible noise due to the operation of any part of a wind energy
system shall not exceed 45 decibels (dB) for any period of time, when
measured at any residence, school, hospital, church, public park,
public library or place of public assembly. Audible noise due to the
operation of any part of a wind energy system shall not exceed 30
decibels (dB) when measured inside any residence.
W.Â
Electromagnetic interference (EMI). No individual tower facility
shall be installed in any location where proximity with existing broadcast,
retransmission or reception antenna (including residential antenna)
for radio, television, wireless phone or other personal communication
systems would produce electromagnetic interference with signal transmission
or reception. Alternatively, wind energy systems shall be properly
filtered or shielded in order to avoid electromagnetic interference
and shall comply with rules and regulations of the Federal Communication
Commission contained in 47 CFR Parts 15 and 18.
X.Â
Insurance. Prior to issuance of a building permit, the applicant
shall provide the Town proof of a level of insurance to be determined
by the Town Board in consultation with the Town's insurer and Attorney,
to cover damage or injury that might result from the failure of a
tower or towers or any other part or parts of the generation and transmission
facility. If the insured is not the owner of the property, the applicant
must show that the owner of the property is a coinsured or named as
an additional insured, and must allow for the property owner to continue
coverage if the applicant is unable to continue coverage.
Y.Â
Tax exemption. The Town hereby exercises its right to opt out of
tax exemption provisions of Real Property Tax Law § 487,
pursuant to the authority granted by Subdivision 8 of that Law.
Z.Â
Inspections. Town Code Enforcement Officer or designated representative
shall have the right at any reasonable time to enter the premises
on which a wind energy system has been placed to inspect any and all
parts of said installation. After conducting said inspection the Code
Enforcement Officer may order the owner of the wind energy system
to render it inoperative for reasons related to safety, noise, electrical
pollution or electromagnetic interference. If unable to contact the
owner the Code Enforcement Officer may execute an emergency shut down
procedure which has been provided in advance by the owner/applicant
in the form of a clear and concise check sheet as part of the permit
process. All liability for the execution of an emergency shutdown
shall be with the owner of the wind energy system.
AA.Â
Penalties. Any person, firm corporation or entity which may violate any provision of this section shall be guilty of a violation and, upon conviction thereof, shall be subject to the penalties set forth in § 182-46 of this chapter. Any person, firm corporation or entity which may violate any provision of this section shall become liable to the Town for any actual expense or loss or damage occasioned by the Town by reason of such violation, in addition to any actual losses or damages sustained by the Town, such expense shall also include but not be limited to statutory costs, disbursements and reasonable attorney fees in the event legal action is commenced to enforce this section. The imposition of penalties herein prescribed shall not preclude the Town or any person from instituting appropriate legal action or proceedings to prevent a violation of this section or to restrain or enjoin the use or occupancy of premises or any part thereof in violation of this section.