The requirements of this article shall apply to all uses within
all zoning districts. It is the intent of this article that adequate
off-street parking and loading facilities shall be provided for each
use of land. These requirements are intended to be based upon the
demand created by each use, and where multiple uses occur upon a single
lot, the off-street parking and loading requirements for each use
shall be provided. In the event a change in use of a building and/or
a building expansion or alteration creates additional parking or loading
demand for the use, additional off-street parking and loading areas
shall be provided.
A.
Size. Each parking space be designed in accordance with Chapter 119, Subdivision and Land Development, unless a larger size is required under federal handicapped parking requirements.
B.
Access. Parking facilities shall be designed so that each vehicle
may proceed to and from the parking space provided for it without
requiring the moving of any other vehicle. Parking space within a
garage shall be considered a parking space meeting the requirements
of this article if access can be provided in accordance with the requirement
of this section.
(1)
Parking facilities serving only single-family detached and single-family
semidetached dwellings along a collector or local street of sufficient
width to permit on-street parking along one or both sides of the street,
having a posted speed limit of 35 miles per hour or less may be designed
so that vehicles may be stacked without requiring that vehicles be
able to proceed to and from a parking space without the moving of
any other vehicle. Where stacked parking is proposed, the number of
usable on-street parallel parking spaces shall be greater than or
equal to the number of usable on-street parallel parking spaces shall
be greater than or equal to the number of required spaces which are
stacked spaces, i.e., requiring movement of another vehicle to access
the space.
C.
Surface requirements.
(1)
Off-street parking lots in the A, R and OS Districts may be a compacted stone base, so long as the stone materials used do not create dust or are permitted to wash out or otherwise accumulate on public roadways. Access drives and driveways in these districts shall be provided in accordance with Chapter 119, Subdivision and Land Development, and/or Chapter 67, Driveways. Handicap parking spaces shall be paved in accordance with federal and/or state accessibility regulations.
[Amended 3-16-2015 by Ord. No. 293-2015]
(2)
Off-street parking lots in all other zoning districts shall be paved with an all-weather surface which may include stone, concrete, bituminous material, paving blocks or similar dust-free surface. Access drives and driveways in these districts shall be provided in accordance with Chapter 119, Subdivision and Land Development, and/or Chapter 67, Driveways.
(3)
Temporary parking or overflow parking areas for special events,
such as fairs, sporting activities, private gatherings or similar
events shall be permitted on grass surface areas of a property so
long as the grass surface area does not become deteriorated to an
erodible state and so long as mud and other debris are not tracked
out onto public roadways.
D.
Location.
(1)
All parking spaces shall be provided on the same lot as the use to which the parking space relates. Notwithstanding the foregoing, parking may be provided on a separate lot if the requirements of § 135-344 are met.
(2)
Required parking for an apartment complex where each dwelling
unit does not have a designated parking space may be located within
a parking lot serving all dwelling units in the building which is
located to the front of the apartment building. When off-street parking
is provided at the rear of an apartment building, access to the parking
lot or parking spaces shall conform to the requirements for alleys.
Minimum off-street parking requirements shall be as follows:
A.
Residential uses.
(1)
Dwelling units: Two parking spaces for each dwelling unit with
three bedrooms or fewer and three parking spaces for each dwelling
unit with four or more bedrooms.
(2)
Boardinghouses, group homes and bed-and-breakfast establishments
shall provide one parking space for each room available for rent.
An additional parking space shall be provided for each employee on
the largest shift.
(3)
Echo housing shall be provided a minimum of one off-street parking
space for the echo housing in addition to the off-street parking required
for the principal dwelling.
(4)
Home occupations shall be provided one off-street parking space
per nonresident employee. The applicant shall demonstrate that sufficient
off-street parking is available for all potential customers or clients
of the proposed home occupation.
(5)
Active-adult communities.
(a)
A minimum of two off-street parking spaces shall be provided
for each dwelling unit containing two bedrooms or less. A minimum
of three off-street parking spaces shall be provided for each dwelling
unit containing three bedrooms or more.
(b)
A minimum of one off-street parking space shall be provided
for each employee.
(c)
A minimum of 2/3 of the parking spaces for dwelling units shall
be located within a garage, carport, common underground garage, or
other shelter providing year-round weather protection.
(d)
On-street parking spaces shall be permitted to satisfy visitor
parking only.
B.
Social/institutional uses.
(1)
Auditoriums, banquet facilities, community rooms, conference
and/or meeting facilities; places of worship, theater and other such
places of public assembly shall be provided with one space per 200
square feet of gross floor area for public use; but no less than one
space per each three seats.
(2)
Clubs, lodges and other similar places shall be provided with
one space per 200 square feet of gross floor area and one space per
each employee on the two largest shifts.
(3)
Nursing rest or retirement homes shall be provided with one
space for each three beds or accommodations available plus an additional
space for each employee on the largest shift. At least 20% of the
required parking spaces shall be designed for handicapped persons.
(4)
Hospitals and sanitariums shall be provided with one space for
each 1.5 beds or accommodations for patients plus an additional space
for each employee on the largest shift.
(5)
Emergency service stations shall be provided with three off-street
parking spaces for every four employees on the two largest shifts
if paid employees are present. If no paid employees are present, then
four parking spaces shall be provided for each emergency vehicle.
If a community room is provided, then two off-street parking spaces
shall be provided for each emergency vehicle plus one space for each
100 square feet of gross floor area of the community room.
(6)
Museums, libraries, art galleries and cultural centers shall
be provided with one space per 400 square feet of gross floor area
accessible to the public, plus one additional space for each employee
on the largest shift.
(7)
Rehabilitation centers, medical clinics, and similar uses that
do not provide for overnight accommodations shall be provided with
six parking spaces per physician or other medical practitioner.
(8)
Schools below grade 10, including commercial day-care centers
and kindergartens shall be provided with one parking space per six
students enrolled plus an additional space for each employee of the
school, including all part or full time employees.
(9)
Schools, grade 10 and above, shall be provided with one parking
space per every three students enrolled, plus an additional space
for each employee of the school, including all part or full time employee.
(10)
Vocational schools, adult education facilities and similar facilities
shall be provided with one parking space per every 1.5 students enrolled,
plus an additional space for each employee of the school, including
all part or full time employee.
(11)
Rural heritage meeting centers shall be provided with one parking
space per three persons of legal occupancy plus one parking space
for each employee during the largest shift upon the site.
[Added 1-6-2014 by Ord. No. 284-2014]
C.
Commercial uses.
(1)
Vehicle repair, service, washing and filling facilities shall
be provided with one space per 400 square feet of repair or service
area plus additional spaces required for necessary vehicle storage
and one space per employee. If filling stations, washing facilities
or minor service repairs are provided accessory to a convenience store
or other retail use, parking shall be provided in accordance with
retail uses.
(2)
Vehicle sales and rental uses shall be provided with one space
per 1,000 square feet of indoor and outdoor vehicle display area plus
additional parking for each employee.
(3)
Carpeting, drapery, floor and wall covering sales uses shall
be provided with one space per 500 square feet of gross floor area
accessible to the public plus an additional space for each employee
on the largest shift.
(4)
Convenience stores shall be provided with one parking space
per every 200 square feet of gross accessible floor area accessible
to the public, plus an additional space for each employee on the largest
shift.
(5)
Drive-through and/or fast-food restaurants shall be provided
with one space for every two seats plus an additional space per employee
on the largest shift.
(6)
Food and grocery retail services shall be provided with one
space per 150 square feet of accessible floor area to the public plus
one additional space per employee on the largest shift.
(7)
Funeral homes shall be provided with one space per 100 square
feet of gross floor area plus an additional space per employee and
one space per mobile unit such hearses.
(8)
Furniture retail uses shall be provided with one space per 500
square feet of floor area accessible to the public, plus one additional
space per employee.
(9)
Hotels, motels, and convention centers shall be provided with
one space per guest sleeping room plus and additional one space per
employee on the two largest shifts. Retail uses, restaurants, auditoriums,
meeting rooms and similar uses shall be provided additional parking
area as according to this section.
(10)
Mini-warehouses shall be provided with one parking space for
every 25 units plus one space for every 250 square feet of office
area.
(11)
Office buildings shall be provided with one parking space per
300 square feet of gross floor area.
(12)
Professional offices, including medical, dental, and veterinary
offices shall be provided with six parking spaces per physician, dentist,
etc.
(13)
Retail stores, except those specifically named above, shall
be provided with one parking space per 200 square feet of gross floor
area.
(14)
Restaurants, other than fast-food or drive-through restaurants,
shall be provided with one parking space for every four seats provided,
plus an additional space for each employee on the largest shift.
(15)
Service establishments such as barber, beauticians, laundry
and dry-cleaning, shoe repair, tailor, photographer or travel agency
shall be provided with one parking space for each 100 square feet
of floor area accessible to the public, plus an additional space per
employee on the largest shift.
(16)
Shopping centers shall be provided with five spaces per 1,000
square feet of gross floor area.
(17)
Agritourism enterprises shall be provided one off-street parking
space per nonresident employee, plus parking for any dwelling. In
addition, the applicant shall prove to the Zoning Office that sufficient
parking will be available for customers.
(18)
Greenhouses shall be provided with at least three spaces on
the lot. Where the building area that is accessible to the public
exceeds 600 square feet, one additional parking space shall be provided
for each additional 200 square feet of building area.
(19)
Roadside produce stands shall be provided with a minimum of
two off-street parking spaces.
(20)
Vehicle sales or rental establishments shall be provided with
one customer parking space for each 100 square feet of gross floor
area plus one parking space for each employee shall be provided in
addition to any parking of motor vehicles for sale or lease.
(21)
Vendor displays and sales, including flea markets and similar
uses shall be provided at the rate of one space per each 200 feet
of retail sales area.
(22)
Commercial day-care centers shall be provided with one off-street
parking space for each employee and one additional space shall be
provided for every six students enrolled.
(23)
Commercial establishments other than those specifically mentioned
herein: sufficient space to accommodate the vehicles of all persons
to be employed on the premises and to have business thereon. In no
case shall there be less than one parking space for every 300 square
feet of floor area other than warehouse or storage areas.
D.
Industrial uses.
E.
Recreational uses.
(1)
Amusement arcades shall be provided with one space per 80 square
feet of accessible space to the public.
(2)
Athletic fields shall be provided with one parking space for
each four seats of spectator seating. If no spectator seating is provided,
off-street parking must be provided which shall have a sufficient
number of parking spaces to serve the users of the site.
(3)
Bowling alleys and billiards rooms shall be provided with four
parking spaces per lane or billiard table plus an additional space
per employee on the largest shift.
(4)
Campgrounds shall be provided with one space per camping site,
plus an additional space per employee. Additional spaces shall be
provided for clubhouse uses or other accessory uses at a rate of 50%
than what would typically be required for that use.
(5)
Golf courses shall be provided with two parking spaces for every
hole plus an additional parking space for each employee on the largest
shift. Additional spaces shall be provided for clubhouse uses or other
accessory uses at a rate of 50% than what would typically be required
for that use.
(6)
Golf driving ranges and batting cages shall be provided one
parking space per tee or cage, plus an additional space for each employee
on the largest shift.
(7)
Miniature golf courses shall be provided with two parking spaces
per hole and an additional space per employee on the largest shift.
(8)
Riding schools, horse academies and horse boarding facilities.
One parking space for every two stalls and an additional space per
every four seats of spectator seating.
(9)
Public picnic areas shall be provided with one parking space
per table.
(10)
Swimming pools opened for use by the general public shall be
provided with one parking space for every four persons of legal occupancy,
plus an additional space for each employee on the largest shift.
(11)
Skating rinks opened for use by the general public shall be
provided with one parking space for every four persons of legal occupancy,
plus an additional space for each employee on the largest shift.
(12)
Tennis and racquetball clubs shall be provided with four parking
spaces for each court plus an additional space per employee on the
largest shift. Other accessory uses at a rate of 50% than what would
typically be required for that use.
(13)
Outdoor shooting ranges shall be provided with a ratio of 1 1/2
spaces per firing station, but not less than one space for each four
seats.
F.
For uses and establishments other than those specifically mentioned
herein, sufficient parking shall be provided to accommodate the vehicles
of all persons to be employed on the premises and to have business
thereon. Studies such as those of the Institute of Transportation
Engineers Parking Generation Manual, or approved equivalent, shall
be sufficient in determining whether ample parking is provided. Traffic
studies of similar uses shall also be sufficient in determining parking
demand. The anticipated peak hour of vehicles using the site and the
largest shift for employees shall be used in determining parking demand
for the use.
G.
An applicant may, by special exception, reduce the number of off-street
parking spaces calculated in accordance with this section if the applicant
demonstrates by clear and convincing evidence that a lesser number
of off-street parking spaces are required for such use. The applicant
for such special exception shall present written studies based upon
existing uses of the same type and size in Pennsylvania, and/or surrounding
states, identifying the location of each use, the size of each use,
the number of off-street parking spaces present at such location,
the date, day of week, and time when the parking lot was observed,
and the number of parking spaces available for customers or patrons
when the parking lot was observed. The applicant may, by special exception,
count off-street parking spaces available in a designated park-and-ride
lot toward the required number of off-street parking spaces if the
applicant can demonstrate that the times of peak customer traffic
will occur at times when the park-and-ride lot will not be used.
A.
In commercial shopping centers over three acres in size, joint parking
lots may be permitted. These joint facilities can reduce the total
number of parking spaces required by a maximum of 20%. Therefore,
the resulting joint parking lot will be required to provide at least
80% of the total number of spaces required by the sum of all of the
shopping center's tenants. Such reduced parking spaces must be appropriately
distributed upon the lot to provide convenient walking distance between
every vehicle and each of the shopping center's stores.
B.
Required parking spaces may be provided in spaces designated to jointly
serve two or more establishments or uses, provided that the number
of required spaces in such joint facility shall be less than the total
required separately for all such establishments or uses. Where it
can be conclusively demonstrated that one or more such uses will be
generating a demand for parking spaces, primarily during periods when
the other use(s) is not in operation, the total number of required
parking spaces may be reduced to:
C.
If joint parking areas are to be utilized to serve multiple uses,
and the parking areas are located on lots that are owned by separate
entities, a cross access easement and maintenance agreement shall
be provided to the Township in a form acceptable to the Township Solicitor.
D.
Under no circumstances shall joint parking areas cause the need for
pedestrians to cross a street to access a use or establishment that
is to utilize the joint parking area.
E.
Parking spaces that are to be utilized as a joint parking area shall
be located no more than 500 feet from the lot or building which contains
the use or establishment that is to be served by the joint parking
area.
Automobile parking lots are for the sole purposes of accommodating
the passenger vehicles of persons associated with the use which requires
them. Parking lots shall not be used for the following:
A.
The sale, display or storage of automobiles or other merchandise,
except as permitted for an approved transient retail business, approved
roadside produce stand or for approved fundraising activities by a
nonprofit organization.
B.
Performing services (including services to vehicles).
C.
Required off-street parking space shall not be used for loading and
unloading purposes except during hours when business operations are
suspended.
D.
Except in specifically designated areas, the parking of recreational
vehicles as defined herein.
Adequate off-street loading and unloading space shall be provided
for any use which involves the receipt or distribution of materials
or merchandise by motor vehicle. If the use of a property or building
is changed or an existing use is enlarged, applicant shall demonstrate
that such alteration will not require additional loading space, or
if in the event additional loading space is required, applicant shall
demonstrate compliance with this section prior to issuance of a zoning
permit. Off-street loading spaces shall comply with the requirements
of this section.
A.
Adequate documentation shall be submitted to the Township that demonstrates
that the proposed off-street loading areas will not interfere with
the free movement of vehicles and pedestrians over a public street,
through internal parking areas, walkways, access drives and driveways.
Sufficient documentation may include turning exhibits portraying the
movement of the largest vehicle that would have access to the site
or through the submission of similar site plans as approved by the
Township Zoning Officer.
B.
All off-street loading facilities, including access drives, shall
be constructed and maintained with a paved surface of concrete or
bituminous materials.
C.
Unless otherwise indicated, off-street loading areas shall be placed
in a side or rear yard. All off-street loading areas shall be surrounded
by a fifteen-foot-wide landscape strip. The landscape strip may overlap
any other required landscape strip and setback required by this chapter.
All off-street loading facilities adjacent to an agricultural or residential
zoned property, a property that is available for residential use,
and/or adjoining public street rights-of-way shall be surrounded by
a landscape screen that is at least 10 feet wide in addition to the
required landscape strip.
A.
No abandoned, junked, or dismantled motor vehicles and/or motor vehicles without current license plates and current inspection stickers shall be parked or stored in any zoning district outside of an enclosed building, except as permitted by § 135-238.
B.
The storage or parking of any commercial motor vehicle upon any lot
within a residential zone or any other lot that is used principally
for residential purposes is prohibited. For purposes of this section,
commercial trucks shall include those that exceed a one ton capacity.
In addition, the parking or storage of any trailer other than those
accessory to a principal residential use is expressly prohibited on
any residentially zoned lot or lot used principally for residential
purposes.
C.
Recreational vehicles, boats, campers, and trailers. Within any residential
zone, or upon any property used principally for residential purposes,
the storage of recreational vehicles, travel trailers, trucks, boats
and trailers used solely for the transport of the residents' recreational
vehicle(s) is permitted only according to the following requirements:
(1)
For the purposes of this section, recreational vehicles, travel
trailers, boats (including trailers) and other trailers used solely
for transport of the residents' recreational vehicle(s) are divided
into two separate categories, as follows:
(a)
Class I vehicles. Those recreational vehicles, travel trailers,
boats (including trailers) and other vehicles used solely for the
transport of the residents' recreational vehicle(s) that possess no
more than 200 square feet, as measured to the vehicle's outermost
edges, nor exceed a height of 10 feet, as measured from the ground
to the highest point of the main body of the vehicle. Vehicle height
shall not include vehicle accessories, such as air conditioners, vents,
hatches, masts, antennas, outrigging, fishing poles, etc., but will
be measured to the highest point of any flybridge or other boat console.
(b)
Class II vehicles. Those recreational vehicles, travel trailers,
boats (including trailers) and other trailers used solely for the
transport of the residents' recreational vehicle(s) that possess more
than 200 square feet, as measured to the vehicles outermost edges,
nor exceed a height of 10 feet, as measured from the ground to the
highest point of the main body of the vehicle. Vehicle height shall
not include vehicle accessories, such as air conditioners, vents,
hatches, masts, antennas, outrigging, fishing poles, etc., but will
be measured to the highest point of any flybridge or other boat console.
(2)
The temporary parking of one Class I or Class II vehicle for
periods not to exceed one week during any given 30 day period is permitted
on a paved or gravel surface of a driveway, so long as the vehicle
is set back no less than 10 feet from any street right-of-way, and
five feet from adjoining property line. The temporary storage of such
vehicle shall not obstruct the view of any motorists leaving adjacent
driveways or at a street intersection.
(3)
The storage of one Class I vehicle shall be permitted per lot behind any building setback line, so long as the unit is set back no less than five feet from any adjoining property line. All areas used for the storage of the Class I vehicles shall be maintained so as to keep vegetation properly trimmed in accordance with Chapter 96, Property Maintenance, and all debris or litter shall be disposed of regularly. All grass surfaces shall not be permitted to become deteriorated to an erodible state. All vehicles shall maintain a required licensure and prevent the leakage of fuels and/or lubricants into the ground.
(4)
Except as permitted in Subsection C(2) above, and as permitted below, the parking or storage of any Class II vehicle is expressly prohibited in any residential zone, or on any property used principally for residential purposes. The storage of one Class II vehicle on a residentially zoned parcel, or a parcel used for a principal residence, is permitted, subject to the following requirements:
(a)
In no case shall the vehicle contain more than 320 square feet,
as measured to the vehicles outermost edges, nor exceed a height of
13 feet, as measured from the ground to the highest point of the vehicle's
main body. Vehicle height shall not include vehicle accessories, such
as air conditioners, vents, hatches, masts, antennas, outrigging,
fishing poles, etc., but will be measured to the highest point of
any flybridge or other boat console.
[Amended 1-6-2014 by Ord. No. 284-2014]
(b)
All vehicles shall be set back a horizontal distance equal to
the zone's principal use setbacks.
(c)
No vehicle shall be stored in front of the building setback
line. On vacant lots, the vehicle must be stored behind the required
front yard setback line, as specified for principal uses.
(d)
Screening, as described by § 135-298, shall be provided along any side and rear lot lines. Such screening shall not extend into the required front yard. Screening shall not be required along a common side lot line when the owner resides on one lot, and stores the vehicle on an adjacent vacant lot that they own. One ten-foot-wide break in the required screening may be provided along one rear or side lot line for vehicular access onto an adjoining alley.
(e)
All areas used for the storage of Class II vehicles shall be
maintained so as to keep vegetation properly trimmed and debris or
litter disposed of regularly. All vehicles shall maintain required
licensure and prevent the leakage of fuels and/or lubricants into
the ground. Grass surface areas shall not be permitted to become deteriorated
to an erodible state.
(5)
All boats shall be appropriately tarped to prevent the accumulation
of water or other debris inside the boat.
D.
The requirements of this section shall not be applicable to agriculturally
used lots that are parking and storing farm implements and other farm
vehicles not normally used as a means of conveyance upon public streets.
E.
Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to authorize the parking
or storage of any motor vehicle, recreational vehicle, boat or trailer
in any agricultural or residential district unless such motor vehicle,
recreational vehicle, boat or trailer is an accessory use to the present
use of the lot.
A.
Purpose. The intent of this section is to promote nonautomobile transportation
modes to access nonresidential uses within the Township. In recognition
of the ability for employees and customers to reach the site without
the need to park an automobile, a reduction of the required number
of off-street parking spaces is available.
B.
Qualifying criteria. In order to be eligible for the reduction of
required off-street parking spaces, a use must contain two or more
of the following elements:
(1)
Pedestrian connectivity including sidewalks and/or multi-use
paved trails connecting to a residential neighborhood containing at
least 100 dwelling units, which must be within 1/2 mile of the lot
being developed. The pedestrian connection must provide a convenient
and direct connection to the main entrance of the building or buildings
on the lot for which the required parking will be reduced.
(2)
Bicycle connectivity including on-street bike lanes and/or multi-use
paved trails connecting to a residential neighborhood containing at
least 100 dwelling units, which must be within one mile of the lot
being developed. A bicycle parking area must be provided on the lot
which is within 100 feet of the entrance of the building or buildings
on the lot for which the required parking will be reduced.
(3)
A transit stop is provided within the site or along an existing
street directly adjacent to the site, with a sidewalk connection from
the location of the transit stop to the main entrance of the building
or buildings on the lot for which the required parking will be reduced.
In order to preserve landscaped areas and green space and to minimize the impacts of storm water runoff from a lot, any proposed use shall not exceed the minimum parking requirements listed in § 135-343, by a rate greater than one and one quarter (1.25) of the minimum parking requirements, unless the applicant can demonstrate that additional parking is necessary to meet the anticipated parking demand of the proposed use. Such information as trip generation reports or parking demand studies for similar uses shall be sufficient in demonstrating anticipated parking demand for a particular use. This requirement shall not be interpreted to preclude a park-and-ride lot that is permitted by this chapter.
