A. 
All construction materials, means and methods for Township streets shall be in accordance with the applicable requirements of PADOT Publication 408, latest revision thereof, and materials shall be supplied by vendors approved by the PADOT for the supply of such materials. Inspection of materials and construction methods shall be in accordance with the requirements set forth herein, as well as Chapter 400, Subdivision and Land Development, of the Township's Code, as amended.
B. 
Street cross sections and construction shall be as shown in the Standard Details.
C. 
Paving design is based on overall soil conditions in the Township. The Board of Supervisors may require additional paving, base or subbase materials where soil types are inferior, wet or otherwise unsuitable as indicated by the "Soil Survey of Chester and Delaware Counties, Pennsylvania," prepared by the United States Natural Resources Conservation Service, or where, in the opinion of the Township Engineer, such conditions exist.
A. 
The area within the limits of the proposed road surface shall be shaped to conform to the line, grade and cross section of the proposed road.
B. 
Remove or stabilize all unsuitable subgrade materials.
C. 
Wet or swampy areas shall be permanently drained and stabilized, as permitted by the regulatory agency having jurisdiction.
D. 
Fills shall be made with suitable materials approved by the Township Engineer and thoroughly compacted for full width in uniform layers of not more than eight inches thick. Subgrade shall be compacted to 100% of the determined dry mass density as per ASTM D1557. No more than two feet of fill shall be laid between inspections by the Township Engineer.
E. 
The subgrade shall be thoroughly compacted by rolling with a minimum ten-ton three-wheel roller. Equivalent vibratory sheepsfoot or rubber-tired rollers may be used at the discretion of the Township Engineer. Subgrade shall be compacted as specified above, tight and dry, at optimum moisture and shall not be soft and spongy under the roller. Compaction of the subgrade shall extend the full width of the cartway, including the width to be occupied by shoulders. Compaction tests meeting ASTM D1557 standards are required in virgin soil at maximum five-hundred-foot intervals, unless otherwise approved by the Township Engineer, and at any other specific locations designated by the Township Engineer. The developer and/or contractor shall obtain the services of a third-party certified materials testing firm to perform the tests, and the results shall be signed and sealed by a professional engineer registered in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and shall be submitted to the Township Engineer. Any location not meeting the compaction requirements shall be removed or re-rolled, and retested, until suitable compaction is achieved.
F. 
In fill areas, compaction tests meeting ASTM D1557 standards are required for each three feet of fill thickness. The tests shall be conducted in each eight-inch layer at one-hundred-fifty-foot intervals. The developer and/or contractor shall obtain the services of a third-party certified materials testing firm to perform the tests, and the results shall be signed and sealed by a professional engineer registered in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and shall be submitted to the Township Engineer. All compaction must be 100% compaction at optimum moisture. Any layer not meeting the compaction requirements shall be removed or re-rolled, and retested, until suitable compaction is achieved.
A. 
This work shall consist of constructing a layer or layers of compacted aggregate on a prepared subgrade area.
B. 
The subbase material shall be PADOT No. 2A compacted coarse aggregate.
C. 
The construction methods for the subbase shall conform to the requirements as specified in Section 350.3 of PADOT Publication 408, latest edition.
D. 
If at the time of construction, local unstable subgrade conditions are encountered, the Township Engineer may require that all areas of unstable subgrade be excavated to sufficient depth, replaced with approved material and compacted to a density and stability equal to or greater than the surrounding subgrade.
E. 
The subbase course shall be installed and compacted in accordance with PADOT specifications and shall extend 36 inches on all streets beyond the paving line when curbs are not to be installed.
A. 
Paving and base thickness and materials shall be as shown in the Standard Details. The equivalent single-axle load (ESAL) and skid resistance level (SRL) shall be submitted for approval by the Township Engineer.
B. 
Superpave base, binder and wearing surface courses shall be laid to the specified thickness, measured after compaction. All bituminous courses shall be laid with a mechanical bituminous paver in accordance with specifications of the PADOT Specifications, Publication 408, latest edition thereof.
C. 
Crown board and straight edge shall be used for checking street construction. Maximum tolerance shall not exceed 1/4 inch in the finished surface.
D. 
Delivery slips for all material deliveries shall be furnished to the Township Engineer.
E. 
Failure to adhere to the above specifications shall give the Board of Supervisors cause to refuse to accept streets for dedication.
F. 
Prior to application of additional superpave courses, existing base courses shall be inspected by the Township representative for defects such as fracture, racking or other signs of base failure, or potential failure. All areas of failure, or potential failure, shall be removed by saw cutting and replaced, or repaired, to the satisfaction of the Township representative.
G. 
Weather limitations. Superpave paving shall not be placed between October 31 and April 1, unless otherwise permitted in writing by the Township Engineer. Bituminous paving shall not be placed when surfaces are wet or when the temperature of either the air or the surface on which the paving is to be placed is 40° F. or lower.
H. 
The improver shall provide a superpave asphalt mixture design to the Township Engineer for review and approval. The improver shall provide the necessary data and assumptions to determine the parameters for the design.
(1) 
PG 64-22 shall be specified for the asphalt. If heavy truck traffic is anticipated, the improver may specify PG 76-22 with the Township Engineer's approval.
(2) 
The ESAL shall be determined from existing truck counts for existing roads and shall be estimated for new roads.
(3) 
The SRL shall be based upon the average daily traffic count.
Roadways shall be graded for the full width of the right-of-way on each side. Paved shoulders shall be graded at a slope of 3/4 of an inch per foot. Earthen shoulders shall be graded with a minimum slope of 1/2 inch per foot and a maximum slope of one inch per foot. Beyond the limits of this grading, banks shall be sloped to prevent erosion, but this slope shall not be greater than three horizontal to one vertical with tops of slope in cuts rounded. All unpaved areas between the street line and the curb or shoulders (as the case may be) shall be covered with not less than four inches of topsoil, fertilized and seeded in a manner and with materials specified in Section 804 of PADOT Publication 408, latest edition thereof.
Joints formed by binder or wearing course laid adjacent to concrete curbs or other rigid structures shall be sealed with PG 64-22 conforming to PADOT Bulletin 25, or approved equal, minimum twelve-inch width, unless directed otherwise by the Township Engineer.