[Ord. No. 918 §2, 5-1-2008]
The purpose of this Article is to alleviate or prevent congestion
of the public streets in the City of New Haven and to promote the
safety and welfare of the public by establishing minimum requirements
for the off-street parking and loading and unloading of motor vehicles
in accordance with the use to which the property is put. Specifically,
it is intended for all such uses to have adequate on-site parking
and loading facilities. In any event, no public street or portions
thereof shall be utilized to meet said off-street parking and loading
provisions.
[Ord. No. 918 §2, 5-1-2008]
A.
In
all districts except a "C-3" Central Business District in connection
with every use, sufficient off-street parking spaces shall be provided
to accomplish the principles set forth in this Chapter and to meet
the parking demands generated by residents, employees, company officials,
company vehicles and customers. Required parking spaces shall be located
on the lot on which the principal use is located except as provided
in this Section.
B.
Each
application for a building permit, site plan or variance shall include
plans for at least the minimum number of parking spaces as herein
required. Plans shall include information as to location and dimensions
of off-street parking spaces and the means of access to the spaces.
The Building Inspector shall not approve any application until he/she
determines that the requirements of this Section are met in the plans.
C.
Each
parking space shall be sized according to the standards contained
herein exclusive of access and circulation aisles. Areas normally
used for drive-in customer service such as drive-in windows and gas
pump service areas shall not be counted as required parking spaces.
D.
If
the off-street parking space required by this Chapter cannot reasonably
be provided on the lot on which the principal use is located, such
space may be provided on any land within four hundred (400) feet of
the principal building or use. The principal use shall be permitted
to continue only as long as its parking requirements are met.
[Ord. No. 918 §2, 5-1-2008]
For any conforming or legally non-conforming building or use
which was in existence on the effective date of this Chapter and which
subsequent thereto is damaged or destroyed by fire, collapse, explosion
or other cause and which is reconstructed, re-established or repaired,
off-street parking or loading facilities equivalent to any maintained
at the time of such damage or destruction shall be restored or continued
in operation. However, in no case shall it be necessary to restore
or maintain parking or loading facilities in excess of those required
in this Section for such reconstructed or re-established building
or use.
[Ord. No. 918 §2, 5-1-2008; Ord. No. 1051 §6, 3-11-2013]
A.
The
minimum number of required spaces shall be determined by the following
criteria: (In addition, a developer shall evaluate his/her own needs
to determine if they are greater than the minimum specified in this
Chapter.)
1.
Uses permitted in an "A-1", "R-1a", "R-1b", "R-1c" or "R-3" zoning
district.
a.
Single-family residential dwellings. Two (2) parking
spaces per dwelling unit.
b.
Two-family residential dwellings. Two (2) parking
spaces per dwelling unit.
c.
Multi-family residential dwellings. Two (2) parking
spaces per dwelling unit.
d.
Churches. One (1) parking space for each four (4)
seats in the principal place of assembly.
e.
Home occupation. As determined by the Planning and
Zoning Commission.
f.
Public buildings.
(1)
Schools. One (1) space for each staff member
and employee. In case of secondary schools, one (1) additional parking
space for each eight (8) students in grades 9 — 12 shall be
provided.
(2)
Community centers, libraries, galleries and museums. Ten (10) parking spaces and one (1) additional parking space for
each three hundred (300) square feet of floor space.
(3)
Stadiums. One (1) parking space for each three
(3) spectator seats.
g.
Hospitals. One (1) parking space for each employee
and one (1) additional parking space for each four (4) patient beds.
h.
Golf courses. Forty (40) parking spaces.
2.
Uses permitted in a "C-1", "C-2" or "C-3" zoning district.
a.
Single-family residential dwellings. Two (2) parking
spaces per dwelling unit.
b.
Two-family residential dwellings. Two (2) parking
spaces per dwelling unit.
c.
Multi-family residential dwellings. Two (2) parking
spaces per dwelling unit.
d.
Public buildings.
(1)
Schools. One (1) space for each staff member
and employee. In case of secondary schools, one (1) additional parking
space for each eight (8) students in grades 9 — 12 shall be
provided.
(2)
Community centers, libraries, galleries and museums. Ten (10) parking spaces and one (1) additional parking space for
each three hundred (300) square feet of floor space.
(3)
Stadiums. One (1) parking space for each three
(3) spectator seats.
e.
Rooming houses and boarding houses. Two (2) parking
spaces and (1) additional space for each roomer or boarder.
f.
Retail business and service establishments. One
(1) space for each company vehicle and one (1) space for each two
hundred fifty (250) square feet of gross floor area.
g.
Service stations. Two (2) parking spaces for each
gas pump and three (3) spaces for each grease rack.
h.
Restaurant, cafe, nightclub or similar establishment. One (1) parking space for every two (2) employees and one (1) additional
space for each one hundred (100) square feet of gross floor area.
i.
Office building, banks and similar institutions. One (1) parking space for each two hundred (200) square feet of
gross floor area.
j.
Auto sales and garages. One (1) parking space for
each employee and four (4) spaces for each maintenance stall.
k.
Pool halls, bowling alleys and similar recreational facilities. One (1) parking space for each two hundred (200) square feet of
gross floor area.
l.
Funeral homes. One (1) parking space for each two
hundred (200) square feet of gross floor area.
m.
Motels and hotels. One (1) space for each employee
and one (1) parking space for each rental unit.
n.
Theaters. One (1) space for every two (2) seats.
3.
Uses permitted in an "I-1" or "I-2" zoning district.
[Ord. No. 918 §2, 5-1-2008; Ord. No. 994 §2, 2-14-2011]
A.
Where
fractional spaces result, the parking spaces required shall be construed
to be the nearest whole number.
B.
The
parking space requirement for a use not specifically mentioned herein
shall be the same as required for a use of similar nature as determined
by the Planning and Zoning Commission.
C.
Whenever
a building or use constructed or established after the effective date
of this Chapter is changed or enlarged in floor area, number of employees,
number of dwelling units, seating capacity or otherwise to create
a need for an increase of ten percent (10%) or more in the number
of existing parking spaces, such spaces shall be provided on the basis
of the enlargement or change. Whenever a building or use existing
prior to the effective date of this Chapter is enlarged to the extent
of fifty percent (50%) or more in floor area or in the area used,
said building or use shall then and thereafter comply with the parking
requirements set forth herein.
D.
In
the case of mixed or joint uses, the parking spaces required shall
equal the sum of the requirements of the various uses computed separately.
E.
In
"R-1A", "R-lb", "R-lc" and "R-2" zoning districts, required off-street
parking spaces may be provided by an attached garage, carport or open
parking area. An open parking area and/or a detached parking structure
(i.e. carport, portable garages, parking shelters, etc.) may not be
located in the required front yard of any residential lot. One (1)
off-street parking space may be provided by a driveway, but only if
that driveway accesses a parking structure or parking area in compliance
with other requirements of this Section.
[Ord. No. 918 §2, 5-1-2008]
A.
All
parking spaces required herein shall be located on the same lot with
the building or use served, except that where an increase in the number
of spaces is required by a change or enlargement of use or where such
spaces are provided collectively or used jointly by two (2) or more
buildings or establishments, the required spaces may be located and
maintained not to exceed four hundred (400) feet from any non-residential
building served.
1.
Up to fifty percent (50%) of the parking spaces required for:
a.
Theaters, public buildings, bowling alleys, dance halls, nightclubs
or cafes and up to one hundred percent (100%) of the parking spaces
required for a church or school auditorium may be provided and used
jointly by
b.
Banks, offices, retail stores, repair shops, service establishments
and similar uses not normally open, used or operated during the same
hours as those listed in (a); provided however, that written agreement
thereto is properly executed and filed as specified below.
2.
In any case where the required parking spaces are not located on
the same lot with the building or use served or where such spaces
are collectively or jointly provided and used, a written agreement
thereby assuring their retention for such purpose shall be properly
drawn and executed by the parties concerned, shall be approved as
to form by the City Attorney and shall be filed with the application
for a building permit.
3.
Off-street parking space may be located within the required front
yard of any "C" or "I" zoning district, but no off-street parking
shall be permitted in the required front yard of any "R" zoning district
except upon a driveway providing access to a garage, carport or parking
area for a dwelling.
[Ord. No. 918 §2, 5-1-2008]
A.
Parking
lots and walkways shall be illuminated to provide for the safe use
therefor; lighting studies shall be provided, as needed, to provide
evidence of adequate lighting. Exterior lighting shall be provided
throughout the development to promote general security.
B.
All
lighting in non-residential zoning districts shall be designed so
that the light from such facilities does not reflect directly or spill
over onto residentially zoned or used property.
C.
Lighting
from non-residential development shall not cause glare on adjacent
roadways or in any way cause hazardous conditions.
D.
Lighting
arrangements shall be as approved by the City Engineer or an authorized
representative.
[Ord. No. 918 §2, 5-1-2008]
A.
All
off-street parking facilities, with the exception of single-family
detached dwelling or a two-family dwelling, shall be screened and
landscaped in accordance with the following design standards.
1.
Along each property line of the zoning lot, a planting strip of four
(4) feet minimum width shall be provided between said property line
and the off-street parking facilities. Where parking facilities for
non-residential uses abut a residential district, a sightproof fence
or hedge of not less than six (6) feet in height shall be provided
along the perimeter of the off-street parking facility within the
planting strip herein described.
In the case of a common/shared driveway entrance/exit, the requirement
for a four (4) foot minimum width planting strip shall be waived.
However, the remainder of the site shall contain sufficient additional
landscaped areas to compensate for the loss of the planting strip
or a portion thereof.
2.
All off-street parking facilities shall be appropriately broken by
linear planting strips or variable shaped islands in the interior
of the facility. Such planting strips or islands shall be satisfactorily
landscaped with trees or other suitable vegetation and shall constitute
no less than five percent (5%) of the total area of the off-street
parking facility excluding the four (4) foot planting strip previously
mentioned.
3.
The selection of trees, hedges and other planting materials shall
be approved by the Commission on recommendation by the Administrative
Officer.
4.
All screening and landscaping shall be installed in conformance with
the "corner visibility" restrictions of this Chapter.
5.
The selection of trees, hedges and other planting materials shall
be as approved on the landscape plan. Minor modifications to the landscape
plan may be approved by the Administrative Officer. Substantial modifications
shall be reviewed and approved by the Planning and Zoning Commission.
[Ord. No. 918 §2, 5-1-2008]
A.
"Floor area" is the sum of the gross horizontal areas of
the several floors of a building or structure measured from the interior
faces of the interior walls or from the interior line of walls separating
two (2) buildings or structures, including the following:
1.
Floor area of the basement if it is used for other than storage except
as required for as a washroom.
2.
Penthouses, other than that area used for mechanical equipment.
3.
Attics having headroom of seven (7) feet or more.
4.
Interior balconies and mezzanines.
5.
Enclosed porches.
6.
Accessory storage areas located within retail facilities which are
used to store items for sale and/or inventory/stock. Areas such as
counters, racks or other display areas shall not be considered accessory
storage.
7.
Space devoted to retailing activities, to the production of goods
or to business or professional offices.
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The "floor area" shall not include:
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1.
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Elevator shafts and stairwells on each floor.
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2.
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Floor spaces and shafts used for mechanical telephone and electrical
equipment.
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3.
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Attics having headroom of less than seven (7) feet.
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4.
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Areas used for storage except as required by (6) above.
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5.
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Space devoted to off-street parking or loading facilities.
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6.
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Entrance lobbies and atrium-type areas.
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7.
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Washrooms intended for general public use.
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8.
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Storage areas for business-related materials not including items
for sale and/or inventory/stock.
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[Ord. No. 918 §2, 5-1-2008]
A.
All
off-street parking shall be properly marked by durable paint in stripes
a minimum of four (4) inches wide which extend the length of the parking
space.
B.
Double
striping may be approved by the Administrative Officer.
C.
In
the case of double striping, the distance between the two (2) stripes
comprising the double striping shall be twelve (12) inches from the
center to center. The vehicular space width of nine (9) feet or twelve
(12) feet for handicapped spaces shall be measured between the midpoint
of each double striped pair.
[Ord. No. 918 §2, 5-1-2008; Ord. No. 1051 §7, 3-11-2013]
A.
All
ground surface off-street drive aisles and parking shall be constructed
to City of New Haven standards. Said drive aisles and parking shall
be maintained in a clean, orderly and dust-free condition.
B.
Approved
construction materials shall include concrete, asphalt, brick/stone
road pavers or other materials of equal quality as approved by the
City Engineer.
C.
The
parking and loading areas shall be provided with adequate stormwater
drainage to prevent damage or inconvenience to abutting property and/or
public streets.
D.
Adequate
curbing shall be provided as required on the site plan. Concrete curbing
shall be required unless waived by the City Engineer.
E.
Upon
the effective date of this Subsection (March 11, 2013), construction
of new driveways and other off-street parking areas in "R" zoning
districts shall be of hard surface material, to include concrete,
asphalt, brick/stone road pavers or other materials of equal quality
as approved by the Administrative Officer. Gravel and other rock surfacing
shall not be permitted.
[Ord. No. 918 §2, 5-1-2008]
Parking access shall be designed allowing for a safe and efficient
means of vehicular access to and from a street or alley.
[Ord. No. 918 §2, 5-1-2008]
A.
Off-street
parking spaces shall be designed and sized to accommodate standard
sized automobiles in accordance with standards contained herein.
1.
Standard sized automobiles — off-street parking spaces for
standard size automobiles shall be designed as follows:
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PARKING STALL REQUIREMENTS
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|---|---|---|---|
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Parking Angle
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Stall Width
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Stall Depth
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Minimum Aisle
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30
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9 feet
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17 feet 3 inches
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12 feet
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45
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9 feet
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20 feet 8 inches
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13 feet
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60
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9 feet
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21 feet
|
18 feet
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|
90
|
9 feet
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19 feet
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24 feet
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a.
Parallel parking spaces shall be at least twenty-four (24) feet in
length.
b.
The minimum one-way aisle shall be twelve (12) feet.
c.
The minimum two-way drive aisle shall be twenty-four (24) feet.
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In the event that the desired parking angle is not specified
by the previous table, the Administrative Officer may specify other
equivalent dimensions associated with the desired parking angle by
interpolating from dimensions listen in the table. The Planning and
Zoning Commission will review and approve those dimensions which differ
from those listed in the table.
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[Ord. No. 918 §2, 5-1-2008]
Handicapped spaces shall be required as per this Section. Each
space shall be inclusive of the off-street space requirements specified
in this Article and shall be marked by an above grade sign. Said sign
shall be centered at the interior end of the parking space at a minimum
height of forty-eight (48) inches from the bottom of the sign to the
parking space finished grade. Handicapped spaces shall be provided
as follows:
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ACCESSIBLE PARKING SPACES
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|---|---|
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Total Parking Spaces in Lot
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Required Number of Accessible Spaces
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Up to 25
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1
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26 to 50
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2
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51 to 75
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3
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76 to 100
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4
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101 to 150
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5
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151 to 200
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6
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201 to 300
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7
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301 to 400
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8
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401 to 500
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9
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501 to 1,000
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2% of total
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Over 1,000+
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20 plus 1 for each 100 over 1,000
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Each reserved parking space shall not be less than twelve (12)
feet wide. Parking spaces for the physically handicapped shall be
located as close to the principal entrances(s) as possible and shall
be located so that physically handicapped persons are not compelled
to wheel or walk behind parked cars to reach such entrance(s).
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[Ord. No. 918 §2, 5-1-2008]
A.
Every
building or part thereof erected or occupied for retail business,
service, manufacturing, storage, warehousing, hotel, mortuary or any
other use similarly involving the receipt or distribution by vehicles
or materials or merchandise shall provide and maintain on the site
premises off-street loading space in accordance with the following
requirements:
1.
Within any "C-1", "C-2" or "C-3" zoning district. One (1) loading space for each ten thousand (10,000) square feet
of gross floor area.
2.
Within any "I-1" or "I-2" zoning district. One (1)
loading space for each fifteen thousand (15,000) square feet of gross
floor area.
3.
For the purpose of this Section, an off-street loading space (exclusive
of adequate access drives and maneuvering space) shall have minimum
dimensions of twelve (12) feet by forty (40) feet and an overhead
clearance of fourteen (14) feet in height above the alley or street
grade.
[Ord. No. 918 §2, 5-1-2008]
All off-street loading spaces shall be located on the same zoning
lot as the use served. No loading berth for vehicles over eight thousand
(8,000) pounds gross vehicular weight shall be closer than fifty (50)
feet to any property in a residential district unless completely enclosed
by building walls or solid fence or wall, or combination thereof,
not less than ten (10) feet in height. No loading berth shall be located
within twenty-five (25) feet of the nearest point of intersection
of any two (2) streets.
[Ord. No. 918 §2, 5-1-2008]
Each off-street loading space shall be designed with appropriate
and safe means of vehicular access to a street or alley in a manner
which will least interfere with traffic movements. Said access shall
be approved upon review of the Planning and Zoning Commission.
[Ord. No. 918 §2, 5-1-2008]
No motor vehicle repair work or service of any kind shall be
permitted in conjunction with loading facilities provided in any zoning
District.
[Ord. No. 918 §2, 5-1-2008]
Off-street loading facilities shall be drained to eliminate
water and prevent damage to abutting property and/or public streets
and alleys and surfaced with erosion-resistant material in accordance
with City specifications. Off-street loading areas shall be maintained
in a clean, orderly and dust-free condition by the owner or lessee.
[Ord. No. 918 §2, 5-1-2008]
Space allocated to any off-street loading berth shall not, while
so allocated, be used to satisfy the space requirements for any off-street
parking facilities or portions thereof.
[Ord. No. 918 §2, 5-1-2008]
All open, off-street loading facilities which are required herein
but which are located in buildings of less floor area than the minimum
for which facilities are required shall be provided with adequate
receiving facilities as determined upon review by the Planning and
Zoning Commission.
[Ord. No. 918 §2, 5-1-2008]
A.
For
special uses and uses other than specified in this Article, loading
spaces adequate in number and size to serve such use shall be determined
upon review by the Planning and Zoning Commission. In any case, the
Commission, upon recommendation by the City Engineer, may eliminate
or reduce the full provision of loading facilities where application
of said provision is either impractical under certain conditions or
unnecessary due to the nature of such uses.
B.
A certificate
of occupancy shall be required for residential, commercial, miscellaneous
and industrial uses whenever there is a change in ownership, occupancy,
use or when a structural addition, alteration or renovation is made.
