[Code 1975, § 39-108; Code 1992, § 32-456; 8-13-2001 by Ord. No. 1188; 10-10-2005 by Ord. No. 1253; 10-22-2007 by Ord.
No. 1280; 9-28-2015 by Ord. No. 15-008; 10-24-2016 by Ord. No. 16-005]
(a)
Off-street parking in conjunction with all land and building uses
shall be provided as follows:
(1)
For the purpose of this article, the size of a parking space shall be determined in accordance with the table in § 52-773, the minimum requirements for off-street parking facilities.
An alley may be used as access to a residential parking area,
provided the alley is open to the public. For commercial or industrial
parking lots, an alley may be used for access to the parking lot,
provided the public alley is not located adjacent to residential properties.
The alley must be the minimum width of the required maneuvering lane
in order to be accessible.
(2)
When units or measurements determining the number of required
parking spaces result in requirement of a fractional space, any fraction
up to and including 1/2 shall be disregarded, and fractions over 1/2
shall require one parking space.
(3)
The minimum number of off-street parking spaces shall be determined in accordance with the table in § 52-772. For uses not specifically mentioned therein, off-street parking requirements shall be interpreted by the Zoning Board of Appeals from requirements for similar uses.
(4)
Any area once designated as required off-street parking shall
never be changed to any other use unless and until equally required
facilities are provided elsewhere. Off-street parking existing at
the effective date of the ordinance from which this chapter is derived
in connection with the operation of an existing building or use shall
not be reduced to an amount less than would be required for such building
or use.
(5)
Off-street parking may be provided either by private or public
parking.
(6)
Required off-street parking shall be for the use of occupants,
employees, visitors, and patrons and shall be limited in use to motor
vehicles that are operable and currently licensed, unless for sale
in an approved auto sales lot. The storage of merchandise, motor vehicles
for sale, or the repair of vehicles is prohibited. Not more than twice
a year, a personal motor vehicle can be offered for sale on any lot,
if licensed in the name of the property owner or resident, and not
parked on the front lawn. All off-street parking, whether public or
private, shall be on the same lot, or adjacent lot, of the building
it is intended to serve, unless approved by the Planning Director,
and except in the Central Business District (CBD District) as defined:
beginning in the center line of the street at the intersection of
Glenwood Avenue and Erie Street; thence proceeding south along the
center line of Erie Street, across the Black River; thence south along
the center line of Seventh Street to the intersection of Seventh Street
and Court Street; thence east along the center line of Court Street
extended to the west bank of the St. Clair River; thence north along
the west bank of the St. Clair River to the extended center line of
Glenwood Avenue; thence west along such extended center line to the
point of beginning of this description. There are no off-street parking
requirements within the above-described Central Business District,
except for the following uses:
a.
New residential lofts are required to have one parking space per
residential unit on the same property as the unit unless the building
is located within 500 feet of a public parking lot as determined by
the Planning Director. If parking is not provided on site or in a
public parking lot, provisions can be made to rent space from another
property owner in a private lot, if extra spaces are available. A
building permit shall not be issued until proof of parking is provided
to the Planning Department.
b.
Also, any new nonresidential buildings for any use shall require parking on site per the parking requirements of Article VI unless the building is located within 500 feet of a public parking lot as determined by the Planning Director.
c.
A new multifamily residential building or development will be required
to have one parking space per unit on site.
(7)
Residential off-street parking space shall consist of a parking strip, garage, or a combination thereof and shall be located on the premises it is intended to serve. The parking area shall not be in the required setback for the front yard or street side yard, except cars are allowed to park in a permitted paved driveway in front of a garage door within the required setback for the front yard or street side yard, provided the cars do not overhang into the right-of-way. Residential driveways can be paved to the interior side property line, provided the driveway is not leading to a parking lot (see § 52-773). For any new construction, all access drives and parking areas shall be paved with concrete or bituminous concrete surfacing. A curb cut shall be required.
(8)
Nothing in this article shall be construed to prevent the collective provision of off-street parking facilities for two or more buildings or uses in nonresidential districts, provided such facilities collectively shall not be less than the sum of the requirements for the various individual uses computed separately in accordance with the table in § 52-772.
a.
If a parking lot is to be shared by two or more buildings, the
lot must be adjacent to all buildings it is intended to serve and
cannot be separated by an alley, street, or by another private property
unless approved by the Planning Director. If the lot is separated
by another private property, access via a public sidewalk around that
private property is required. If the lot is separated by a public
street, signage to the closest intersection crosswalk will be required
to be placed in public in the parking lot. If a crosswalk mid-block
is necessary, it shall be approved by the Director of Public Works.
b.
Permission from all owners of the parking lots sharing parking
shall be submitted in writing to the Planning Director.
(9)
In stadiums, sports arenas, churches and other places of assembly
in which patrons or spectators occupy benches, pews or other similar
seating facilities, each 24 inches of such seating facilities shall
be counted as one seat for the purpose of determining requirements
for off-street parking facilities under this article.
(b)
The Planning Director may vary or modify the parking space requirements
set forth in this chapter as follows: If existing off-street parking
facilities have unused parking capacity and where such facilities
are open to the use of the public free of charge or at reasonable
rates, the City Council may reduce the parking space requirement for
any use within 500 feet from such facility, provided that the total
number of stalls in such reduction shall be not greater than the total
number of stalls of excess capacity.
[Code 1975, § 39-110; Code 1992, § 32-457; 8-13-2001 by Ord. No. 1188; 10-10-2005 by Ord. No. 1253; 5-24-2010 by Ord. No.
1311; 9-28-2015 by Ord. No. 15-008; 10-24-2016 by Ord. No. 16-005; 5-29-2018 by Ord. No. 18-010; 9-10-2018 by Ord. No. 18-017]
(a)
The amount of required off-street parking space for new uses or buildings, additions thereto, and additions to existing buildings as specified in § 52-771 shall be determined in accordance with the following table, and the space so required shall be stated in the application for a building permit and shall be irrevocably reserved for such use and/or shall comply with the initial part of this section:
|
Use
|
Number of Minimum Parking Spaces Per Unit of Measure
| ||
|---|---|---|---|
|
(1)
|
Residential:
| ||
|
a.
|
Residential, one-family and two-family
|
2 for each dwelling unit
| |
|
b.
|
Residential, multiple-family
|
2 for each dwelling unit
| |
|
c.
|
Residential, multiple-family, low-rent family public housing
|
1 for each dwelling unit
| |
|
d.
|
Residential, private elderly/senior citizen housing, independent
or assisted living facilities
|
1 for each 2 dwelling unit, and 1 for each employee on the largest
working shift
| |
|
e.
|
Residential, elderly/senior citizens low-rent public housing
|
1 for each 2 dwelling units, 1 for each employee on the largest
working shift
| |
|
f.
|
High-rise multiple-family
|
1 for each dwelling unit
| |
|
g.
|
Trailer parks and manufactured home courts
|
See state rules
| |
|
h.
|
Boardinghouses and rooming houses
|
1 for each sleeping room
| |
|
i.
|
Family child-care home
|
2 per dwelling unit, plus 1 for each nonresident employee. In
addition, a designated dropoff area is required not in the public
right-of-way
| |
|
j.
|
Group day-care home
|
2 per dwelling unit, plus 1 for each nonresident employee. In
addition, 1 space per 4 children licensed
| |
|
k.
|
Adult foster care homes (family home, small group home, or large
group home)
|
2 per dwelling unit, plus 1 for each nonresident employee. In
addition, 1 space per each 6 adults licensed
| |
|
l.
|
CBD residential units
|
1 per dwelling unit or per § 52-771
| |
|
m.
|
Bed-and-breakfast facilities
|
1 for each room rented and 2 for the residents of the dwelling
| |
|
(2)
|
Institutional:
| ||
|
a.
|
Churches, temples or synagogues
|
1 for each 3 seats, based on maximum seating capacity in the
main unit of worship
| |
|
b.
|
Hospitals
|
1 per 600 square feet of gross floor area
| |
|
c.
|
Nursing homes, homes for the aged, convalescent homes, children's
homes, memory care facilities
|
1 per 4 beds, plus 1 per employee on the largest working shift
| |
|
d.
|
Elementary and junior high schools
|
1 for each 1 teacher and administrator, in addition to the requirements
of the auditorium
| |
|
e.
|
Senior high schools
|
1 for each 1 teacher and administrator and 1 for each 10 students,
in addition to the requirements for the auditorium
| |
|
f.
|
Private clubs or lodge halls
|
1 for each 3 persons allowed within the maximum occupancy load
as established by local, county, or state fire, building, or health
codes
| |
|
g.
|
Private golf clubs, swimming pool clubs, tennis clubs, or other
similar uses
|
1 for each two-member families or individuals
| |
|
h.
|
Marinas, public or private
|
1 for each 1 boat slip
| |
|
i.
|
Golf courses open to the general public, except miniature or
par 3 courses
|
6 for each 1 golf hole and 1 for each 1 employee
| |
|
j.
|
Fraternities
|
1 1/2 for every 2 persons based upon the capacity of the
house
| |
|
k.
|
Sororities
|
1 for every 2 persons based upon the capacity of the house
| |
|
l.
|
Stadium, sports arena, or similar place of outdoor assembly
|
1 for each 3 seats or 6 feet of bench
| |
|
m.
|
Theaters and auditoriums (indoor)
|
1 for each 4 seats plus 1 for each 2 employees
| |
|
n.
|
Libraries, museums and noncommercial art galleries
|
1 for each 400 square feet of gross floor area
| |
|
o.
|
Nursery schools, day nurseries and child day-care centers
|
1 per caregiver, teacher, or employee and 1 per 600 square feet
of gross floor area
| |
|
p.
|
Adult day-care centers
|
1 per employee plus 1 space per 600 square feet of gross floor
area
| |
|
q.
|
Colleges
|
1 for each teacher and administrator and 1 for every 3 students
(not living on site) based on classroom occupancy for each building,
in addition to the requirements for any auditoriums or stadiums. Student
apartments located on campus shall require two parking spaces for
each bedroom in the building
| |
|
(3)
|
Business and commercial:
| ||
|
a.
|
Automobile service/repair facility; automobile fuel stations
with or without convenience store
|
2 for each repair station, lubrication stall, rack or pit and
1 for each employee
| |
|
Two stacking spaces per gas pump
| |||
|
Convenience store: add 1 space per 200 square feet of retail
space plus 1 per employee
| |||
|
b.
|
Autowash
|
1 for each 1 employee
| |
|
c.
|
Beauty parlor or barbershop
|
3 spaces for each of the first 2 beauty or barber chairs and
1 1/2 spaces for each additional chair
| |
|
d.
|
Bowling alleys
|
5 for each 1 bowling lane
| |
|
e.
|
Dancehalls, pool or billiard parlors, roller or ice skating
rinks, exhibition halls and assembly halls without fixed seats
|
1 for each 3 seats or 1 for each 100 square feet of gross floor
area
| |
|
f.
|
Drive-in establishments
|
1 for each 40 square feet of gross floor area, with a minimum
of 25 parking spaces
| |
|
g.
|
Restaurants, establishments for sale and consumption on the
premises of beverages, food or refreshments
|
1 for each 100 square feet of gross floor area
| |
|
h.
|
Furniture and appliances; household equipment; repair shops;
showroom of a plumber, decorator, electrician or similar trade; shoe
repair; and other similar uses
|
1 for each 800 square feet of floor area, exclusive of the floor
area occupied in processing or manufacturing, for which requirements
see industrial establishments in Subsection (5) of this table
| |
|
i.
|
Laundromats and coin-operated dry cleaners
|
1 for each 2 washing machines
| |
|
j.
|
Miniature golf courses
|
3 for each 1 hole plus 1 for each 1 employee
| |
|
k.
|
Mortuary establishments
|
1 for each 100 square feet of gross floor area
| |
|
l.
|
Motel, hotel, tourist home or other commercial lodging establishment
|
1 for each 1 occupancy unit or leasable room, plus 1 for each
1 employee, plus extra spaces for dining rooms, ballrooms, or meeting
rooms based upon maximum occupancy load
| |
|
m.
|
Motor vehicle sales and service establishments, trailer sales
and rental, boat showrooms
|
1 for each 400 square feet of gross floor area of salesroom
| |
|
n.
|
Open air business
|
1 for each 600 square feet of lot area
| |
|
o.
|
Restaurant, carryout, limited or no dine-in service
|
1 for each 200 square feet of gross floor area plus 5 stacking
spaces per drive-up window
| |
|
p.
|
Retail stores, except as otherwise specified
|
1 for each 200 square feet of gross floor area
| |
|
q.
|
Shopping center or clustered commercial
|
4 square feet of parking and circulation space for every 1 square
foot of usable floor area within the shopping center
| |
|
(4)
|
Offices:
| ||
|
a.
|
Banks, savings-and-loan offices, drive-in banks
|
1 for each 200 square feet of gross floor area; 4 for each teller
station within the bank
| |
|
b.
|
Business offices or professional offices except as indicated
in Subsection (4)c of this table
|
1 for each 400 square feet of gross floor area
| |
|
c.
|
Medical or dental clinics, professional offices of doctors,
dentists or similar professions, medical laboratories
|
1 for each 200 square feet of gross floor area
| |
|
(5)
|
Industrial:
| ||
|
a.
|
Industrial or research establishments
|
1 for every employee in the largest working shift. Space on
site shall also be provided for all construction workers during periods
of plant construction.
| |
(b)
Parking for commercial and industrial uses may be calculated using
usable floor area open to the public instead of gross floor area.
A floor plan will be required indicating the sizes of rooms that are
for public use and also including those rooms not available to public
use such as storage of merchandise, coolers, freezers, mechanical
rooms, etc. The parking for any use not included in the chart shall
be determined by the Planning Department. The number of parking spaces
required for any use will be at the discretion of the Planning Department.
[Code 1975, § 39-110; Code 1992, § 32-458; 8-13-2001 by Ord. No. 1188; 10-10-2005 by Ord. No. 1253; 10-22-2007 by Ord.
No. 1280; 6-25-2012 by Ord. No. 1337; 9-28-2015 by Ord. No. 15-008; 10-24-2016 by Ord. No. 16-005]
Wherever a new parking lot is constructed or an existing parking
lot is expanded as required off-street parking, such parking lot shall
be laid out, constructed, and maintained in accordance with the following
requirements:
(1)
The building of a parking lot is subject to the requirements for a building permit. The Chief Inspector shall review the application on the basis of the requirements set forth in Subsections (2) through (10) of this section, and such application may be referred to the Traffic Study Committee for review as to the effects of traffic generation and circulation.
(2)
Each parking space shall constitute a net land area as determined
by the minimum requirements for off-street parking facilities as indicated
in this section.
(3)
Adequate ingress and egress to the parking lot by means of clearly
limited and defined drives shall be provided for vehicles.
(4)
Parking lots in residential, industrial, and institutional districts
are not allowed in the front yards. In the street side yard, all setbacks,
as for buildings, shall apply. Side and rear yard setbacks for parking
lots and their access drives in residential districts shall be five
feet from the property lines. In a residential district, cars are
allowed to park in a permitted paved driveway in front of a garage
door within the front yard setback, provided the cars do not overhang
into the right-of-way.
(5)
The required setback of parking spaces where the parking lot abuts
a residential district or residentially occupied property shall apply
to commercial, industrial, and institutional parking lots as well
as parking lots for multifamily housing adjacent to single- and two-family
homes and shall be as follows:
(6)
Parking lots shall be concrete curbed; in lieu of curbs, there shall
be bumper stops, wheel chocks (stops), or parking blocks, provided
so as to prevent any vehicle from projecting past its own parking
space and into a maneuvering lane, a sidewalk, adjacent parking space,
or over the lot line.
(7)
The parking lot shall have an approvable drainage plan that complies
with requirements for qualitative and quantitative controls. These
controls shall be in compliance with the National Pollutant Discharge
Elimination System Stormwater Permit as issued to the City of Port
Huron.
(8)
The surface of any new parking lot, including drives and aisles,
excepting the buffer strips, shall be constructed of a concrete or
bituminous concrete surfacing. If a parking area has a driveway approach
from a gravel street or alley, the parking area can be gravel. Parking
is not allowed on the grass. A building permit is required for any
new gravel or paved parking area. An existing gravel parking lot can
remain as is, unless the building is renovated over 50% of its state
equalized value or enlarged. Before occupancy of the building or unit,
the gravel parking lot shall be paved, striped, and drained, and shall
have enough parking and handicapped spaces to accommodate the new
use of the building or unit to be occupied. If additional parking
spaces need to be added to an existing gravel lot, or if the lot needs
to be modified in any way, the entire lot shall be paved and constructed
according to building and zoning codes. The above shall apply to both
residential and nonresidential properties.
(9)
Outdoor lighting shall be in accordance with the following:
a.
Parking areas and other common or public areas and facilities that
are lighted to ensure the safety of persons and the security of property
shall have outdoor lighting levels as follows (values are provided
in minimum average horizontal footcandles maintained at grade):
b.
Lighting shall be designed and located such that the maximum illumination
at the property line shall not exceed a maximum average horizontal
footcandle of 0.3 for noncutoff lights and 1.5 for cutoff lights.
c.
Lighting sources shall be shielded or arranged as to not produce
glare within any public right-of-way or constitute a nuisance to the
occupants of adjacent properties. This can be done through the use
of directional lighting, special fixtures, timing devices, appropriate
light intensities, luminaires and mounting at appropriate heights.
(10)
Parking structures may be built to satisfy off-street parking
requirements, when located in a commercial or industrial district,
subject to the area, height, bulk and placement regulations of such
district in which located.
(12)
A five-foot-high screening fence, solid masonry wall, or continuous
landscaping shall be constructed and maintained along those property
lines separating a parking lot from adjoining residential properties.
(13)
Plans for the layout of off-street parking facilities shall
be in accordance with the following minimum requirements:
|
Parking Pattern
|
Maneuvering Lane Width
(feet)
|
Parking Space Width
(feet)
|
Parking Space Length
(feet)
|
Total Width of One Tier of Spaces Plus Maneuvering Lane
(feet)
|
Total Width of Two Tiers of Spaces Plus Maneuvering Lane
(feet)
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
0° (parallel parking)
|
20
|
8
|
23
|
28
|
36
|
|
30°
|
12
|
9
|
19
|
30
|
48
|
|
45°
|
15
|
9
|
19
|
35
|
55
|
|
60°
|
18
|
9
|
19
|
39
|
60
|
|
90°
|
25
|
9
|
19
|
44
|
63
|
[Code 1975, § 39-111; Code 1992, § 32-459; 10-22-2007 by Ord. No. 1280; 10-24-2016 by Ord. No. 16-005]
(a)
For the purposes of this section, an "off-street waiting space" is
defined as an area 10 feet wide by 20 feet long and shall not include
the use of any public space, street, alley or sidewalk and shall be
located entirely within the commercial zoning district.
(b)
On the same premises with every building, structure or part thereof
erected and occupied for the purpose of serving customers in their
automobiles by means of a service window or similar arrangement where
the automobile engine is not turned off, there shall be provided three
off-street waiting spaces for each service window.
(c)
Automatic autowash establishments shall provide a minimum of five
off-street waiting spaces, with at least one off-street waiting space
on the exit side, for each wash lane. Manual or coin-operated autowash
establishments shall provide at least three off-street waiting spaces
on the entrance side of each autowash stall, and one off-street waiting
space on the exit side for each autowash stall.
[Code 1975, § 39-112; Code 1992, § 32-460]
(a)
On the same premises with every building, structure, or part thereof
erected and occupied for manufacturing, storage, warehousing, retailing,
display or other uses involving the receipt or distribution of vehicles
or materials or merchandise, there shall be provided and maintained
on the lot adequate space for standing, loading, and unloading services
adjacent to the opening used for loading and unloading, designed to
avoid interference with public use of the streets or alleys. Such
loading and unloading space shall be a minimum of 12 feet in width
by 50 feet in length with a fifteen-foot height clearance and shall
be provided according to the following table:
|
Gross Floor Area
(square feet)
|
Loading and Unloading Spaces Required in Terms of Square
Feet or Gross Floor Area
| |
|---|---|---|
|
0 to 2,000
|
None
| |
|
2,101 to 20,000
|
1 space
| |
|
20,001 to 100,000
|
1 space plus 1 space for each 20,000 square feet in excess of
20,000 square feet
| |
|
100,001 to 500,000
|
5 spaces plus 1 space for each 40,000 square feet in excess
of 100,000 square feet
| |
|
Over 500,000
|
15 spaces plus 1 space for each 80,000 square feet in excess
of 500,000 square feet
|
(b)
No loading space shall be located closer than 50 feet from any residential
district unless adjoining a public alley or located within a completely
enclosed building or enclosed on all sides facing a residential zoning
district by a solid masonry wall or ornamental fence of a type approved
by the Planning Commission not less than six feet in height.
[Code 1992, § 32-461; 8-13-2001 by Ord. No. 1188; 10-10-2005 by Ord. No. 1253]
(a)
Commercial vehicles or equipment, for the purposes of this section,
shall mean any vehicle used for commercial purposes, whether licensed
commercially or not. It shall also include any vehicles advertising
the name of a business.
(b)
Parking of commercial vehicles or equipment on residentially zoned
property is prohibited except under the following conditions:
(1)
Commercial vehicle temporary parking is allowed while servicing
a residence such as for purposes of delivering merchandise, lawn maintenance,
construction, etc.
(2)
Commercial vehicles such as panel trucks, vans, or pickup trucks
may be parked on the premises if currently licensed and in the name
of a member of the immediate family of the property owner, tenant
or lessee or their employer. Such vehicle parking is limited to one
per property.
(3)
Semitruck tractors or trailers are not allowed to be parked
on residentially zoned property.
