[HISTORY: Adopted by the Village Board of the Village of
Grafton 11-18-2019 by Ord. No. 020-2019. Amendments noted where applicable.]
Unless otherwise expressly stated, the following terms shall,
for the purpose of this chapter, have the meanings indicated in this
section. Additional definitions applicable to this chapter are contained
in the applicable NFPA codes and/or standards.
A steel vault, listed in accordance with UL 1037, mounted
on the exterior of a building, which contains keys, floor plans, maps
or other items as required by the AHJ, for access to all portions
of the building.
Any place that receives at any time for compensation four
or more adults for care and supervision for less than 24 hours a day.
Similar to a CBRF except that it is licensed for five or
fewer tenants.
An automatic or manual alarm notification summoning the Fire
Department to the location of an alarm indicating fire.
A unit containing one or more indicator lamps, alphanumeric
displays, or other equivalent means in which each indication provides
status information about a circuit, condition, or location.
Acceptable to the AHJ.
An agency accepted or acceptable to the AHJ, which may include
the following: Underwriters Laboratories, Inc., the National Institute
of Standards and Technology, the American Gas Association laboratories
or other nationally recognized testing authorities.
Two-way emergency communications systems are used to both
exchange information and to communicate information, such as, but
not limited to, instructions, acknowledgement of receipt of messages,
condition of local environment, and condition of persons, and to give
assurance that help is on the way.
[Added 1-20-2020 by Ord. No. 004-2020]
Group A occupancies include, among others, the use of a building
or structure, or a portion thereof, for the gathering together of
persons for purposes such as civic, social or religious functions,
recreation, food or drink consumption or awaiting transportation.
A room or space used for assembly purposes by fewer than 50 persons
and accessory to another occupant shall be included as a part of that
occupancy. Assembly occupancies shall include the following:
A-1: assembly uses, usually with fixed seating, intended for
the production and viewing of performing arts or motion pictures.
A-2: assembly uses intended for food and/or drink consumption.
A-3: assembly uses intended for worship, recreation or amusement
and other assembly uses not classified elsewhere in Group A.
A-4: assembly uses intended for viewing of indoor sporting events
and activities with spectator seating.
A-5: assembly uses intended for participation in or viewing
outdoor activities.
A notification appliance that alerts by the sense of hearing.
The Fire Chief of the Village of Grafton Fire Department,
or any designee of the Fire Chief, to enforce this chapter and the
laws of the State of Wisconsin, as designated in Ch. SPS. 314, Wis.
Admin. Code, pertaining to the prevention of fires and public safety,
and/or conditionally approving equipment installation, and/or procedures
as outlined in NFPA standards, codes and/or recommended practices.
A device which functions without human intervention and is
actuated as a result of predetermined temperature rise, rate of rise
of temperature, combustion products or smoke density.
A system which automatically detects a fire condition and
actuates notification appliances throughout the protected premises
and actuates a fire alarm signal device to a U.L. listed central station
for fire service that is acceptable to the AHJ.
A device designed to detect specific products of fire: smoke,
heat or both.
An integrated system of underground and/or overhead piping
designed in accordance with fire protection standards. The system
includes a suitable water supply. The portion of the system above
ground is a network of specially sized or hydraulically designed piping
installed in a structure or area, generally overhead, and to which
automatic sprinklers are connected in a systematic pattern. The system
is usually activated by heat from a fire and discharges water in the
fire area.
An approved system of devices and equipment which automatically
detects a fire and discharges an approved fire-extinguishing agent
onto or in the area of fire.
The quantity of water at a specific pressure that can be
used by the Fire Department for firefighting purposes and/or used
by an automatic fire sprinkler, standpipe, fire control or fire suppression
system.
That portion of a building that is partly or completely below
grade plane. A basement shall be considered as a story.
A building arranged or used as lodging for compensation,
with or without meals, not occupied as a single-family unit.
A recreational fire larger than three feet in diameter or
larger than three feet tall, used to mark a public event, victory
celebration or similar occurrence.
Group B occupancy includes, among others, the use of a building
or structure, or a portion thereof, for office, professional or service-type
transactions, including storage of records and accounts.
The upper surface of a space, regardless of height. Areas
with a suspended ceiling would have two ceilings, one visible from
the floor, and one above the suspended ceiling.
A standard that is an extensive compilation of provisions
covering a broad subject matter or that is suitable for adoption into
law independently of other codes and standards.
All materials not classified as "noncombustible" are considered
combustible. This property of a material does not relate to its ability
to structurally perform under fire exposure. The degree of combustibility
is not defined by standard fire test procedures.
Any area in a building that can be accessed by more than
one person at one time. This does not include areas within a dwelling
unit.
A community facility where five or more adults who are not
related to the operator or administrator and who do not require care
above intermediate-level nursing care reside and receive care, treatment
or services that are above the level of room and board, but that include
no more than three hours of nursing care per week per resident.
An approval of plans, calculations, submittals and/or specifications
by the AHJ based upon information provided to the AHJ, including,
but not limited to, any changes required by the AHJ to the above-mentioned
plans, submittals and/or specifications. Conditional approval of any
submittal and/or portion of any submittal does not grant waiver to
and/or modify of any requirements of this chapter, any other applicable
code, standard, regulation and/or law. The conditional approval of
any automatic fire sprinkler, suppression or fire alarm submittal
by the AHJ shall not be construed as an assumption of any design responsibility
by the AHJ, municipality, any individual employed by the municipality
and/or any agent(s) for the municipality.
A company, individual or agency hired by the Fire Department
or municipality to provide advice to the Fire Department on fire and/or
life safety related issues. Consultants may provide services, which
could include, but are not limited to, plan reviews of fire sprinkler,
fire alarm, fire control, fire suppression, fire-extinguishing systems,
witness tests and/or conduct of inspections.
Any place which receives at any one time for compensation
four or more children under the age of seven years, for care and supervision,
for fewer than 24 hours a day or more than 10 days a month, without
the attendance of a parent, relative or legal guardian.
The Division of Fire Protection is made up of the following
personnel: the Fire Chief, the Division Chief and/or Fire Inspectors,
or any other designee of the Chief.
The Wisconsin Department of Safety and Professional Services.
A single unit providing living facilities for one or more
persons, including permanent provisions for living, sleeping, eating,
cooking and sanitation. For the purpose of this chapter, "dwelling
unit" includes apartments and condominiums but does not include hotel
and motel rooms, guest suites, dormitories, boarding rooms, or sleeping
rooms in nursing homes.
Group E occupancy includes, among others, the use of a building
or structure, or a portion thereof, by six or more persons at any
one time for educational purposes through the 12th grade.
Group F occupancy includes, among others, the use of a building
or structure, or a portion thereof, for assembly, disassembly, fabricating,
finishing, manufacturing, packaging, repair or processing operations
that are not classified as Group H occupancy.
The initiation or transmission of a signal, message or other
notification of an event of fire when no such danger exists. Further
defined as:
MALICIOUS ALARMA false alarm of fire deliberately sounded by someone in order to inconvenience the Fire Department.
ACCIDENTAL ALARMAn alarm set off and transmitted through accidental operation of an automatic or manual fire alarm device.
MALFUNCTION ALARMAn alarm that has activated with no cause.
GOOD INTENT FALSE ALARMAn alarm that turns out to be false but was reported in good faith.
Two or more individuals who are related to each other by
blood, marriage, adoption or legal guardianship. For purposes of this
chapter, a group of not more than four persons, not necessarily related
by blood or marriage, living together in a single living unit, will
be considered equivalent to a single family.
An automatic or manual alarm notification summoning the Fire
Department to the location of an alarm indicating fire.
A device connected to a fire alarm to signal either a fire
or trouble condition. Fire alarm annunciation devices include visible
notification appliances, strobes, audible notification appliances,
horn/strobes, horns, bells, and/or annunciator panels.
A device connected to a fire alarm system that causes a trouble,
supervisory and/or alarm signal to be initiated. Fire alarm initiating
devices could include: manual pull stations, smoke, heat, flame, ionization,
or photoelectric detectors, spark detectors, water flow, low air,
low temperature, low water, or supervisory switches.
A system or portion of a combination system that consists
of components and circuits arranged to monitor and annunciate the
status of the fire alarm or supervisory signal-initiating devices
to activate notification appliances throughout the protected premises
and to initiate the appropriate response to those signals.
A system designed and constructed with the intent of controlling
or limiting a fire. Fire control systems may be automatic or nonautomatic.
Fire control systems could include automatic fire sprinkler systems,
standpipe systems, chemical agent systems, fire hydrants and/or any
other system acceptable to the AHJ.
A five-inch Stortz connection with 30° downturn, part
of a sprinkler, standpipe, deluge and/or combination system to be
used by the Fire Department to pump additional water into the system(s)
it is connected to.
Any combination of a fire door, frame, hardware, and other
accessories that together provide a certain degree of fire protection
to the opening.
That property of materials of their assemblies that prevents
or retards the passage of excessive heat, hot gases or flame under
conditions of use. Materials are tested as prescribed in Section 703
of the International Building Code (IBC), as adopted by Section SPS
361.05.
A fire-resistance-rated wall having protected openings, which
restricts the spread of fire and extends continuously from the foundation
to or through the roof, with sufficient structural stability under
fire conditions to allow collapse of construction on either side without
collapse of the wall.
Anything manufactured, processed or packaged for exploding,
emitting sparks or combustion which does not have any other use and
includes those items set forth in § 167.10(1)(m) and (n),
Wis. Stats.
The total square footage of the sums of all basement, floor
levels, balconies and mezzanines.
The area for basements and floor levels shall be measured from
the outside perimeter of the outside walls.
The area for mezzanines shall be determined from the product
of the length of the mezzanine multiplied by the width of the mezzanine.
For the purpose of determining square footage, fire division
walls will not be accepted as outside walls or area dividers.
That level of a building on a sloping or multilevel site
which has a floor line at or not more than three feet above exit discharge
grade for at least 1/2 of the required exit discharges.
Every person, other than an employee, who may go in or be
in a place of employment or public building under circumstances which
render such person other than a trespasser. Such term includes a pupil
or student when enrolled in or receiving instruction at an educational
institution.
A reference plane representing the average of finished ground
level adjoining the building exterior walls. Where the finished ground
level slopes away from the exterior walls, the reference plane shall
be established by the lowest points within the area between the building
and the lot line or, where the lot line is more than six feet from
the building, between the building and a point six feet from the building.
Group H occupancy includes, among others, the use of a building
or structure, or a portion thereof, that involves the manufacturing,
processing, generation or storage of materials that constitute a physical
or health hazard in quantities in excess of those found in Tables
307.7(1) through 307.7(4) of the International Building Code.
H-1: buildings and structures which contain materials that pose
a detonation hazard.
H-2: buildings and structures which contain materials that pose
a deflagration hazard or a hazard from accelerated burning.
H-3: buildings and structures which contain materials that readily
support combustion or pose a physical hazard.
H-4: buildings and structures which contain materials that are
health hazards.
H-5: semiconductor fabrication facilities and comparable research
and development areas in which hazardous production materials are
used and the aggregate quantity of materials is in excess of those
listed in Tables 307.7(1) and 307.7(2) of the International Building
Code.
Any material or combination of materials which may cause
or significantly contribute to an increase in mortality or an increase
in serious irreversible or incapacitating reversible illness or which
may pose a substantial present or potential hazard to human health
or the environment because of its quantity, concentration or physical,
chemical or infectious characteristics. This term includes, but is
not limited to, products that are explosive, toxic, corrosive, or
flammable, irritants, strong sensitizers, pesticides or a biological
hazard.
The vertical distance from the grade plane to the average
height of the highest roof surface.
A fire hazard typical of that produced by fires in combustible
high-piled storage, flammable/combustible liquid storage, tire storage
and other special occupancies.
In-building communications systems are comprised of two different
types of systems: two-way radio communications enhancement systems
or area of Rescue/refuge communication.
[Added 1-20-2020 by Ord. No. 004-2020]
Group I occupancy includes, among others, the use of a building
or structure, or a portion thereof, in which people having physical
limitations because of health or age are harbored for medical treatment
or other care or treatment, or in which people are detained for penal
or correctional purposes or in which the liberty of the occupants
is restricted. Institutional occupancies are classified as I-1, I-2,
I-3 or I-4, as described in the International Building Code.
Included in a list published by a nationally recognized testing
laboratory, inspection agency, or other organization concerned with
product evaluation, that maintains periodic inspection of production
of listed equipment or materials and whose listing states either that
the equipment or materials meet nationally recognized standards or
have been tested and found suitable for use in a specified manner.
A system or portion of a combination system that consists
of components and circuits arranged to initiate the notification appliances
and appropriate response to those signals only after a person manually
activates the fire alarm system.
Group M occupancy includes, among others, building and structures,
or a portion thereof, for the display and sale of merchandise, and
involves stock of goods, wares or merchandise incidental to such purposes
and accessible to the public.
An intermediate level or levels between the floor and ceiling
of any story with an aggregate floor area of not more than one-third
of the area of the room or space in which the level or levels are
located.
Buildings and structures of an accessory character and miscellaneous
structures not classified in any specific occupancy shall be constructed,
equipped and maintained to conform to the requirements of this chapter
commensurate with the fire and life hazard incidental to their occupancy.
A building or portion thereof containing three or more dwelling
units, such as tenements, apartments or rooming houses. Row houses
with fire walls extending from the basement to the underside of the
roof separating each living unit are not considered multifamily for
the purpose of this chapter.
The Village of Grafton.
The National Fire Protection Association.
A portion of a building or structure to which people do not
have access.
A material which, in the form in which it is used, meets
one of the requirements listed below. Materials used adjacent to or
in contact with heat-producing appliances, warm air ducts, plenums
and chimneys shall be classified as noncombustible only on the basis
of the requirement in Subsection A. "Noncombustible" does not apply
to the flame-spread characteristics of interior finish or trim materials.
No material shall be classified as noncombustible building construction
material which is subject to increase in combustibility or flame-spread
classification (FSC) beyond the limits herein established through
the effects of age, moisture or other atmospheric conditions. (See
flame spread rating in the Wisconsin Administrative Code.)
Materials which pass the test procedure of ASTM E-136 for noncombustibility
of elementary materials when exposed to a furnace temperature of 1,382°
F. for a minimum period of five minutes and do not cause a temperature
rise of the surface or interior thermocouple in excess of 54°
F. above the furnace air temperature at the beginning of the test
and which do not flame after exposure of 30 seconds.
Materials having a structural base of noncombustible material as defined in Subsection A, with a surfacing not more than 1/8 inch thick which has a flame-spread classification (FSC) not greater than 50 when tested in accordance with the method of test for surface burning characteristics of building materials (ASTM E-84).
Pavement, sidewalks, streets, driveways and paths leading
to a building that are clear and maintained year round. The normal
access route does not include grass, parking stalls, ditches, hills,
shrubs, flower beds, fences, walls or any other area not typically
used for ingress to or egress from a building.
A fire alarm system component such as a bell, horn, speaker,
light, or text display that provides audible, tactile, visible outputs
or any combination thereof that is acceptable to the AHJ.
The person or persons who physically reside, work or are
present anywhere in a facility, building and/or structure.
The spaces of a facility that can be occupied or used by
the facility occupants as part of the building function or to support
building operations and maintenance. This includes, but is not limited
to, storage areas, mechanical and electrical equipment areas, walk-in
closets or janitor's rooms, restrooms, conference rooms, and individual
offices.
Terms not defined herein used in this chapter shall be as
defined in the International Fire Code Section 202 and/or NFPA codes
and standards that are adopted in this chapter by reference.
Includes his or her duly sworn agent or attorney, a purchaser,
devisee, fiduciary or person having a vested or contingent interest
in the property in question.
A form completed by the owner(s), or the owner's authorized
agent, of a building or structure where a fire sprinkler system is
going to be installed that provides the sprinkler contractor with
information required to properly design a fire sprinkler system.
A permit as specified and/or required by this chapter shall
constitute permission to maintain, store or handle materials or conduct
processes which produce conditions hazardous to life or property or
install equipment used in connection with such activities and/or for
the installation and/or alteration of any portion of a fire protection,
fire alarm, fire control, and/or fire suppression system. Such a permit
shall not take the place of any other license or permit required by
law. A permit shall be valid for a stated or indefinite period as
may be specified thereon as Village of Grafton Fire Prevention, Protection
and Control Code - V1.2 determined by the AHJ to be reasonably necessary
to promote safety in the permitted activity. A permit shall not be
transferable. Any change in use or occupancy shall require a new permit.
Includes every place, whether indoors or out or underground,
and the premises appurtenant thereto, where, either temporarily or
permanently, any industry, trade or business is carried on, or where
any process or operation, directly or indirectly related to any industry,
trade or business, is carried on, and where any person is, directly
or indirectly, employed by another for direct or indirect gain or
profit, but does not include any place where persons are employed
in private domestic service which does not involve the use of mechanical
power or in farming. "Farming" includes those activities specified
in § 102.04(3) Wis. Stats., and also includes the transportation
of farm products, supplies or equipment directly to the farm by the
operator of said farm or employees for use thereon, if such activities
are directly or indirectly for the purpose of producing commodities
for market, or as an accessory to such production. When used with
relation to building codes, "place of employment" does not include
an adult family home, as defined in § 50.01(1) Wis. Stats.,
or, except for the purposes of § 101.11, Wis. Stats., a
previously constructed building used as a community-based residential
facility, as defined in § 50.01(1g), Wis. Stats., which
serves 20 or fewer residents who are not related to the operator or
administrator.
The physical location protected by a fire alarm or automatic
fire suppression system.
Any structure, including exterior parts of such building,
such as a porch, exterior platform or steps, providing means of ingress
or egress, used in whole or in part as a place of resort, assemblage,
lodging, trade, traffic, occupancy, or use by the public or by three
or more tenants.
A scale commonly used by architects, engineers, designers
and others in the preparation of drawings that is acceptable to the
AHJ.
Any form of written material that shows information pertaining
to a device, system, method or person. Written records are required
whenever tests and/or maintenance of any kind is performed on any
fire alarm, fire control, fire suppression or life safety system or
device.
To remodel, alter, or both, means to change any building
or structure which affects the structural strength, fire hazard, internal
circulation, or exits of the existing building or structure. This
definition does not apply to maintenance, reroofing, or alterations
to the heating and ventilating or electrical system.
A Fire Department connection that is not attached to the
building or structure that is protected by the system the FDC supplies
and is connected by piping usually installed underground or a piping
method that is acceptable to the AHJ.
Group R occupancy includes, among others, the use of a building
or structure, or portion thereof, for sleeping accommodations when
not classed as an Institutional Group I.
R-1: residential occupancies where the occupants are primarily
transient in nature.
R-2: residential occupancies containing more than two dwelling
units where occupants are primarily permanent in nature.
R-3: residential occupancies where the occupants are primarily
permanent in nature and not classified R-1, R-2 or I, and where buildings
do not contain more than two dwelling units or adult and child-care
facilities, that provide accommodations for five or fewer persons
of any age for less than 24 hours.
R-4: residential occupancies shall include buildings arranged
for occupancy as residential care/assisted-living facilities including
five but not more than 16 occupants, excluding staff.
The space located above the finished ceiling(s) and below
the exterior roof of a structure. This includes but is not limited
to any space that could be defined as an attic.
Any building which has a room or rooms for sleeping, without
permanent provisions for cooking. Rooming house rooms do not include
any room in a one- or two-family dwelling.
Visual observation from the floor and/or ground level of
any system and/or component thereof required by this chapter prior
to being concealed in any way by any means.
A place of abode arranged to accommodate three or more attached
side-by-side or back-to-back living units.
A specific measurement of pressure in pounds per square inch
(psi) at a specific rate of water flow that all fire sprinkler, fire
control and water-based fire suppression systems must maintain below
the anticipated available water supply as determined by a water flow
test, a municipality-specified flow and pressure or any other water
supply acceptable to the AHJ.
Indicates a mandatory requirement.
Indicates a recommendation or that which is advised but not
required.
A detached building containing only one dwelling unit and
designed exclusively for use and occupancy by one family.
A horizontally measured dimension relating to the allowable
coverage limits of fire detectors, automatic sprinkler systems, and
fire alarm visual notification devices.
Any area in which a high-challenge fire hazard exists and
any NFPA Codes and/or standards contain design criteria, limitations
or requirements that apply specifically to the occupancy.
A document, the main text of which contains only mandatory
provisions using the word "shall" to indicate mandatory requirements
and which is in a form generally suitable for reference by another
standard or code or for adoption into law.
Group S occupancy includes, among others, the use of a building
or structure, or portion thereof, for storage that is not classed
as Hazardous Group H.
S-1 (moderate-hazard storage): buildings occupied for storage
uses which are not classified as S-2.
S-2 (low-hazard storage): buildings used for storage of noncombustible
material such as products on wood pallets or in paper cartons with
or without single-thickness divisions or in paper wrappings. Such
products may have a negligible amount of plastic trim such as knobs,
handles, or film wrapping.
That portion of a building included between the upper surface
of a floor and the upper surface of the floor or roof next above.
To determine the number of stories in a building, all floors will
be counted, whether they are above grade or below grade, including
basements, sub-basements, and ground floors, but not including penthouses
or mezzanines less than 1/3 of a story.
A notification appliance that alerts by the sense of touch
or vibration.
Fewer than 90 days.
A notification appliance that conveys a stream of audible
information. An example of a textual audible notification appliance
is a speaker that reproduces a voice message.
One of the following, depending on the circumstances:
Throughout, for automatic fire sprinkler systems, means providing
fire sprinkler protection in all areas of a structure as required
by NFPA 13.
Throughout, for automatic fire alarm systems, means installing
detection, audible and visual notification devices in all areas of
the protected premises installed in accordance with NFPA 72.
Throughout, for manual fire alarm systems, means installing
audible and visual notification devices in all areas of the protected
premises installed in accordance with NFPA 72.
A detached building containing not more than two individual
dwelling units which are entirely separated by vertical walls or horizontal
floors, unpierced except for access to the outside or a common basement.
A combination of components, RF-emitting devices, antennas,
cables, power supplies, control circuitry, and programming installed
at a specific location to improve wireless communication at that location.
[Added 1-20-2020 by Ord. No. 004-2020]
Any self-propelled device fueled by flammable or combustible
liquid, or compressed gas, used to transport people or goods.
A notification appliance that alerts by the sense of sight.
A test of an available water supply that indicates the quantity
of water flowing out of a specific orifice, at a specific pressure,
at a specific point in time.
Includes comfort, decency and moral well-being.
All references to "Wisconsin Statutes" or "Wis. Stats." shall
mean the State of Wisconsin statutes as of the adoption of this chapter
or as they may be amended or renumbered from time to time.
