1.
Unless specifically
exempted by the provisions of this chapter, all structures built and
all uses established hereafter shall provide off-street parking areas
in accordance with this chapter.
2.
When an existing
structure or use is expanded, parking spaces for the area or capacity
devoted to expansion shall be required in accordance with this chapter.
3.
An expansion
or alteration of an existing use, or a subdivision or combination
of zoning lots, shall not result in the elimination of any existing
required off-street parking spaces.
1.
Open parking. Open-air parking areas shall be located on a zoning lot in accordance with the provisions of the district regulations and applicable regulations for accessory use (§ 27-503).
2.
Enclosed parking.
Enclosed parking facilities containing off-street parking shall be
subject to the area and dimensional requirement applicable to principal
structures in the zoning district, unless otherwise specified in this
chapter.
4.
Repair and service.
No motor vehicle repair work or service of any kind shall be in association
with any off-street parking facilities.
5.
Overnight parking.
There shall be no overnight parking or storage permitted in any parking
or loading areas required for commercial retail, business or professional
uses.
1.
Size. The minimum
dimensions for a conventional parking space shall be nine feet in
width by 18 feet in length, exclusive of curbs and maneuvering space,
except as follows
2.
Design. Each
parking space shall open directly onto an aisle or driveway with a
minimum dimension in agreement with the following.
|
Aisle Width Parking Angle
| ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Angle of Parking
(degrees)
| ||||||
|
0
(parallel)
|
30
|
45
|
60
|
90
| ||
|
1-way traffic
|
13 ft.
|
13 ft.
|
13 ft.
|
18 ft.
|
24 ft.
| |
|
2-way traffic
|
19 ft.
|
20 ft.
|
21 ft.
|
23 ft.
|
24 ft.
| |
3.
Driveway width.
Excluding curb offset, parking lot driveways shall not be less than
10 feet or exceed 15 feet in width for one-way traffic, and less than
18 feet or exceed 30 feet in width for two-way traffic, except that
twelve-foot-wide driveways are permissible for two-way traffic as
follows.
4.
Driveways and
aisles for other than single-, two-family or individual townhouse
dwellings shall be designed so that each vehicle may have ingress
and egress from the space without moving any other vehicle. All accessways
shall be designed so as to provide safe exit and entrance from the
public street, in accordance with the following
A.
Width of driveway/accessway
at entrance onto public street (at the edge of the cartway)*.
|
1-Way Use
|
2-Way Use
| |
|---|---|---|
|
Minimum
|
12 feet
|
20 feet
|
|
Maximum
|
35 feet
|
50 feet
|
|
*Unless a different standard is required by
PennDOT for an entrance to a state road.
|
C.
Driveways on
one lot. On any one lot a maximum of two driveways per 500 feet of
lot frontage.
D.
See § 27-501.3C,
Clear sight distances at intersections.
5.
Surfacing. All
parking areas, including those for single- and two-family dwellings,
shall be graded and paved or otherwise improved with an all-weather,
dustless material of asphalt, concrete, grouted brick, paving blocks
or similar materials approved by the Borough.
6.
Striping. Parking
areas providing for 10 or more vehicles shall be striped to outline
the entire parking space with a durable paint and maintained in said
manner.
7.
Permits. Access
drives entering state highways are subject to a state highway occupancy
permit issued by PennDOT. Access drives entering a county road shall
be approved by Allegheny County. The required permits shall be obtained
prior to the commencement of any construction.
8.
Screening. In all zoning districts, open off-street parking areas containing more than 15 parking spaces shall be effectively screened on each side by a wall, fence or densely planted compact evergreen hedge not less than three feet in height. Parking areas shall be arranged and designed so as to prevent damage to, or intrusion into, such wall, fence or hedge. Clear sight triangles, as defined by this chapter, shall be maintained. Open parking areas for 50 or more cars shall be interspersed with land forms or other appropriate landscape or planted areas. See Part 16 for landscaping requirements for off-street parking in the WDD.
9.
Lighting.
A.
Any lighting
used to illuminate off-street parking areas and driveways shall be
directed away from residential properties or public streets in such
a way as not to interfere with such uses. All light sources shall
be properly diffused as needed with translucent or similar cover to
prevent exposed bulbs from being directly visible from streets, public
sidewalks, dwellings or adjacent lots.
B.
The lighting
system shall furnish minimally an average of two footcandles during
hours of operation. Maximum average light level is 25 footcandles.
At any given point, light levels shall not exceed 80 footcandles at
ground level, unless otherwise approved by Borough Council.
10.
Stormwater management. All paved parking areas shall be designed so that stormwater runoff shall not affect adjacent properties. The method of stormwater management and the design of the proposed facilities shall be subject to the requirements of Chapter 22, Subdivision and Land Development, and § 27-702 of this chapter.
1.
Two or more
uses may share a common parking area, provided that the total spaces
equal or exceed the sum of the spaces required for each use individually.
However, the Planning Commission may approve a shared parking plan
which permits a reduction in this total subject to the following:
|
Shared Parking Formula Requirements
| ||
|---|---|---|
|
(1)
|
The intent of these shared parking requirements
is to permit a reduction in the total number of required parking spaces
when a parcel is occupied by two or more uses which typically do not
experience peak parking demands at the same time.
| |
|
(2)
|
When any land or building is developed under
unified control with a single development plan for two or more uses,
as listed below, the minimum total number of required parking spaces
shall be determined by the following procedures:
| |
|
(a)
| ||
|
(b)
|
Add the resulting sum for each of the five vertical
columns for the table. The minimum parking requirement is the highest
sum resulting from the foregoing addition.
| |
|
The maximum reduction under this provision shall
be 25%.
| ||
|
Shared Parking Calculation
| ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Weekday
|
Weekend
| |||||
|
Use
|
Night
Midnight
to 6:00 a.m.
|
Day
9:00 a.m.
to 4:00 p.m.
|
Evening
6:00 p.m.
to Midnight
|
Day
9:00 a.m.
to 4:00 p.m.
|
Evening
6:00 p.m.
to Midnight
| |
|
Residential
|
100%
|
60%
|
90%
|
80%
|
90%
| |
|
Office
|
5%
|
100%
|
10%
|
10%
|
5%
| |
|
Commercial, retail
|
5%
|
70%
|
90%
|
100%
|
70%
| |
|
Hotel, freestanding
|
80%
|
80%
|
100%
|
80%
|
100%
| |
|
Restaurant
|
10%
|
50%
|
100%
|
50%
|
100%
| |
|
Bars, lounges or nightclubs
|
10%
|
40%
|
100%
|
80%
|
100%
| |
|
Movie theaters
|
10%
|
40%
|
100%
|
80%
|
100%
| |
|
Others
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
|
100%
| |
|
(3)
|
All uses shall be located within 350 feet of
the shared parking spaces and connected by safe pedestrian access.
Shared parking spaces shall not be located in a zoning district where
the principal use which the parking serves is not an authorized use
or where parking is not authorized as a principal use.
|
|
(4)
|
A written agreement shall be executed between
the landowners and the Borough assuring the continued availability
of the joint parking spaces to all proposed uses.
|
2.
This joint parking
provision shall not apply to shopping centers.
3.
Any change or
expansion of the uses sharing the shared parking area shall require
a new review by the Planning Commission and may result in additional
spaces being required and a revised agreement with the Borough.
4.
Continued compliance
with an approved joint parking plan shall be a condition of occupancy;
any violation thereof may result in the suspension or revocation of
the certificate of occupancy.
1.
Off-site parking
facilities. The Planning Commission may approve a plan for providing
all or some of the required off-street parking spaces on a lot other
than the lot where the principal use is located, provided the following:
A.
Both lots are
held in the same ownership, or a lease has been executed for the spaces
which guarantees their availability for as long as the use exists.
Evidence of ownership or a copy of a lease shall be filed with the
Borough.
B.
The off-site
parking spaces are located within 350 feet distance from the entrance
to the principal use and connected by a safe pedestrian walkway. Off-site
parking spaces shall not be located in a zoning district where the
principal use which the parking serves is not an authorized use or
where parking is not authorized as a principal use.
C.
The continued
availability of the approved off-site parking shall be a condition
of occupancy for the principal use which they serve; any violation
thereof may result in suspension or revocation of the principal use's
certificate of occupancy.
The following shall be the minimum number of
parking spaces required; additional spaces may be required by the
Borough as a result of the development application review.
|
Use Type
|
Minimum Required Spaces
|
|---|---|
|
Single-, two-family, triplex, quadruplex, townhouse
dwellings
|
4 or fewer bedrooms: 2 per dwelling unit; 5
or more bedrooms: 3 per dwelling unit
|
|
Elderly housing
|
0.5 per dwelling unit
|
|
All other multifamily dwellings
|
1 per dwelling unit
|
|
Commercial uses
Retail or service commercial, unless specifically
listed
|
1 per 200 square feet GFA
|
|
Bank, financial institution
|
1 per 200 square feet GFA
|
|
Business and professional offices, other than
medical or dental offices
|
1 per 300 square feet GFA
|
|
Medical or dental offices
|
1 per examining room, plus 1 for each 2 chairs
in waiting room, plus 1 per physician and staff member on peak shift
|
|
Eating and drinking establishments
|
1 per 3 seats at tables and 1 per 2 employees
|
|
Sit down:
Fast-food
|
1 per 200 square feet GFA designed for use in
servicing customers plus 1 per employee on peak shift
|
|
Funeral home/mortuary
|
1 per 3 seats in any chapel or seating area
and not less than 5 spaces for each viewing area or room
|
|
Gasoline service station, vehicular repair garage
|
2 spaces per service bay or station, plus 1
per employee on peak shift
|
|
Hotel or motel
|
1 per guest room, plus 1 per employee on peak
shift, plus parking requirements for any restaurant, bar or other
facilities as required by this chapter
|
|
Private school for art, music, crafts, dance,
etc.
|
1 per staff member, plus 1 per 3 students
|
|
Theater
|
1 per 3 seats
|
|
Veterinary clinic
|
1 per examining room, plus 1 for each 2 chairs
in waiting room, plus 1 per veterinarian and staff member on peak
shift
|
|
Commercial recreation
| |
|
Bowling alleys
|
4 per alley
|
|
Marina
|
2 per boat slip, plus 1 per employee
|
|
Swimming pools, swim clubs
|
1 space per 4 persons up to capacity
|
|
Tennis, racquetball, handball and other courts
|
2 spaces per court
|
|
Wholesale, warehouse, garden center, similar
uses
|
1 per 1,500 sq. ft. gross floor area, plus 1
per 300 sq. ft. of office and warehouse space
|
|
Shopping center
|
5 per 1,000 sq. ft. of leasable area
|
|
House of worship
|
1 per 3 fixed seats or 90 linear inches of pew
|
|
Private clubs and lodges
|
1 per 150 square feet GFA
|
|
Recreation, public or nonprofit
|
1 per 4 persons of maximum design capacity for
the facility
|
|
Community center, other indoor places of assembly
|
1 for each 100 sq. ft. of gross floor area
|
|
Libraries/museums
|
1 for each 250 square feet of gross floor area
|
|
Day-care center
|
1 for each teacher and employee on largest shift,
plus 1 space per 6 students
|
|
Public utility buildings
|
1 per employee on peak shift, plus 1 for each
service vehicle stored on lot
|
|
Schools, elementary and junior high
|
1 for each employee and faculty member
|
|
Schools, secondary and post secondary
|
1 for each employee and faculty member, plus
1 for each 10 students
|
|
School, business/professional
|
1 for each student plus 1 for each instructor
and employee
|
|
Hospitals
|
1 per 3 beds and 1 for each employee on the
peak working shift
|
|
Nursing home
|
1 per 6 beds and 1 for each employee on the
peak working shift
|
|
Group care facility, personal care boarding
home, transitional dwelling
|
1 for each employee on peak shift, plus 1 for
each resident authorized to drive a vehicle, plus 1 for each 6 beds
|
|
Industrial uses
|
1 per 1.2 employee, based on the maximum number
of employees on-site at peak period of times (including any overlapping
shifts), plus 1 visitor space for every 10 managers on the site
|
|
Self-storage development
|
1 per 15 storage units, plus 1 for each employee
on the peak working shift
|
|
All other uses
|
1 for each 3 occupants at maximum permitted
occupancy or one for each 300 square feet of gross floor area, whichever
is greater
|
1.
When calculating
the required number of spaces, any fraction of a space shall be considered
an entire space.
2.
In the case
of a single-family or two-family residence or townhouse unit, a driveway
for the dwelling may count as one off-street parking space, provided
that such parking does not block access to parking or sidewalk for
another dwelling.
1.
In the C-1 and C-2 Districts, all uses, other than residential, may be exempted from providing the parking required by Subsection 3, in accordance with the following formula:
|
Gross Floor Area
|
Amount of Requirement Exempted
|
|---|---|
|
5,000 square feet or less
|
100%
|
|
5,001 to 25,000 square feet
|
50%
|
|
25,001 square feet or greater
|
0%
|
2.
The exemptions
established by this section shall apply without regard to the bases
for calculating the number of required parking spaces.
3.
If the Borough
of Homestead acquires, by condemnation, purchase or otherwise, for
the Borough's own use, any land theretofore used to provide parking
spaces for any property, then the property so deprived of parking
spaces shall be exempt from the requirements of this Part to the extent
set forth in a resolution duly adopted by the Council of the Borough
of Homestead. Such exemption shall be in effect until a change in
the use of the property, a change in the ordinances of the Borough
of Homestead or a change in other circumstances makes it possible
for the property, as used, to comply with the then-existing parking
requirements.
1.
Location. Parking
spaces for the physically handicapped shall be located as close as
possible to ramps, walkways, entrances and elevators. Where feasible,
these parking spaces shall be located so the physically handicapped
are not forced to wheel or walk across main traffic lanes or behind
parked cars to reach the ramps and other facilities. The spaces shall
be situated in those areas of the parking lots located nearest to
each primary building entrance.
2.
Area. Each handicapped
parking space shall contain a rectangular area of 18 feet long by
eight feet wide and must have a five-foot-wide demarcated accessible
aisle adjacent to it. One out of every eight handicapped accessible
spaces shall provide an eight-foot-wide space with an eight-foot-wide
accessible aisle for van access. At a minimum, there shall be no less
than one van accessible parking space.
3.
Accessible passenger
loading zones shall have a minimum area of 20 feet in length by eight
feet in length. A five-foot accessible aisle shall be adjacent to
the loading space.
4.
Required number
of spaces. The following number of parking spaces shall be reserved
for the physically handicapped:
|
Required Spaces for the Physically Handicapped
| |
|---|---|
|
Total Parking Spaces in Lot*
|
Required Number
(minimum)*
|
|
Up to 25
|
1
|
|
26 to 50
|
2
|
|
51 to 75
|
3
|
|
76 to 100
|
4
|
|
101 to 150
|
5
|
|
151 to 200
|
6
|
|
201 to 300
|
7
|
|
301 to 400
|
8
|
|
401 to 500
|
9
|
|
501 to 1,000
|
2% of total
|
|
Over 1,000
|
20, plus 1 for each 100 over 1,000
|
|
* Medical outpatient facilities shall provide
accessible spaces in a number equal to 10% of the total number of
required parking spaces.
| |
|
* Medical facilities which specialize in the
treatment of mobility impairments shall provide accessible spaces
in a number equal to 20% of the total number of required parking spaces.
|
5.
Identification.
Parking spaces for the physically handicapped shall be identified
by signs, 70 square inches and bearing the symbol for accessibility,
located so they cannot be obscured by a vehicle parked in the space.
The sign shall state that the space is reserved by law for the physically
handicapped. The Borough Council may also require that painted pavement
markings containing the accessibility symbols be provided in addition
to the required sign.
6.
Ramps. Any part
of an accessible route with a slope greater than 1:20 shall be considered
a ramp and shall comply with the following regulations:
A.
Slope and rise.
The least possible slope shall be used for any ramp. The maximum slope
of a ramp in new construction shall be 1:12. The maximum rise for
any run shall be 30 inches. Curb ramps to be constructed on existing
sites or in existing buildings or facilities may have slopes and rises
is accordance with Americans with Disabilities Act § 4.1.6.(3)
(a) if space limitations prohibit the use of a 1:12 slope or less.
B.
Clear width.
The minimum clear width of a ramp shall be 36 inches.
7.
Curbs. Curb
cuts shall not be less than four feet wide and shall have a grade
not more than one foot in 12 feet.
A.
Curb cuts shall
be provided within 30 feet of each accessible entrance to the structure,
at all pedestrian walk intersections and elsewhere to provide reasonably
direct circulation within each development. Where a curb cut is provided
at an intersection quadrant, curb cuts shall be provided at the opposite
quadrants along the involved crosswalks.
B.
The curb cuts
shall be not more than 150 feet apart.
8.
Sidewalks. Sidewalks
shall be scored or textured to indicate the location of doors to blind
persons.
9.
Storm drains.
Storm drains, grates and similar devices shall not be located within
the required area of access for the physically handicapped.
10.
Grade. The
grade of parking spaces for the physically handicapped shall not be
more than one foot in 20 feet. The grade for the parking facility
shall provide positive drainage with no slopes less than 2%.
1.
Application.
A.
In any zoning
district, all structures and uses which utilize the receipt or distribution
of materials or products by trucks or similar vehicles shall provide
accessory off-street loading spaces as required by this section.
B.
When an existing
structure is expanded, accessory off-street loading spaces shall be
provided in accordance with the following regulations for the area
of such expansion. No existing required off-street loading spaces
shall be eliminated or reduced by an expansion or alteration of an
existing use or subdivision or combination of zoning lots.
C.
Off-street
loading requirements shall not be modified unless approved by Borough
Council.
2.
General provisions.
A.
Location. All
required loading spaces or berths shall be located on the same lot
as the use served, and no portion of the vehicle shall project into
any traffic lane. All motor vehicle loading berths which abut or are
adjacent to a residential district or use shall be completely screened
therefrom by building walls or a uniformly painted solid fence, wall,
door, planted screen, or any combination thereof, not less than six
feet nor more than eight feet in height. No access to a permitted
or required loading space or berth shall be located within 30 feet
of the nearest point of intersection of any two public streets or
highways. No loading space or berth shall be located in a required
front yard, and any loading space or berth located in a required rear
yard shall be open to the sky. Where a property has frontage on two
public streets, access to the required loading berths shall be provided
from the street with the lower volume of traffic.
B.
Area. Unless
otherwise specified, a required off-street loading space shall be
14 feet in width by at least 55 feet in length, exclusive of aisle
and maneuvering space, and shall have a vertical clearance of at least
16 feet. The required length may be reduced by 10 feet if the applicant
certifies that the off-street loading use will only be single-unit
trucks or smaller.
C.
Access. Each
required off-street loading space shall be designated with appropriate
means of vehicular access to a street, highway or alley in a manner
which will least interfere with traffic movement.
D.
Surfacing.
All open off-street loading shall be improved with a compacted select
gravel base, not less than seven inches thick, surfaced with an all-weather
dustless material and shall be graded for positive drainage to dispose
of surface water.
E.
Repair and
service. No motor vehicle repair work or service of any kind shall
be permitted in conjunction with any off-street loading facilities.
F.
Utilization.
Space allocated for any off-street loading berth shall not be used
to satisfy the space requirements for any off-street parking facilities
or portions thereof.
3.
Required off-street
loading spaces.
A.
Required off-street
loading spaces shall be as follows:
|
Use
|
Required Berth
(based on gross floor area)
|
|---|---|
|
Wholesale, warehouse, building supply, garden
center, similar uses
|
1 berth for every 10,000 square feet up to a
maximum of 3 berths, then 1 berth for each additional 25,000 square
feet or fraction thereof
|
|
Business and professional offices
|
None required for the first 10,000 square feet,
then 1 berth for every 10,000 square feet, not exceeding a total of
2 required stalls
|
|
Food stores and other retail stores
|
1 berth for every 5,000 square feet up to a
maximum of two berths, and then 1 berth for every additional 20,000
square feet or fraction thereof
|
B.
Uses for which
off-street loading facilities are required by this section, but which
are located in buildings that have a floor area that is less than
the minimum for which off-street loading facilities are required,
shall provide adequate receiving facilities, accessible by motor vehicle,
from any adjacent alley, service drive or open space on the same lot,
in accordance with the provisions of this chapter.
