Hereafter in the alteration of old buildings the house trap may be omitted
only with the approval of the Plumbing Inspector, and, if approved, the fresh
pipe will be removed.
Basement floor drains will be permitted only where a P-trap or a running
trap is used, or some other trap that provides a permanent seal. Cesspools
or bell traps are prohibited.
Pipe and fittings for the various systems of drainage and for each type of piping shall comply with the standards given. (See Article IV, Materials: Weight and Quality.)
[Amended 10-3-1962]
Soil and waste piping for drainage systems within buildings shall be
extra-heavy cast-iron pipe.
[Amended 10-3-1962]
The building drain when underground shall be of extra-heavy cast-iron
pipe.
[Amended 10-3-1962]
The building (house) sewer beginning three feet outside of the building
shall be of extra-heavy cast-iron pipe.
The building sewer, when laid in made or filled-in ground, shall be
laid on a solid bed or approved materials and shall be of approved standards.
All building sewers must be laid in a straight line, with no low spots,
with hub upwards, with a true upward pitch not less than 1/8 of an inch
per foot towards the building. All branches shall be made with wyes and changes
of direction with one-eighth bends.
Fixture drains and horizontal branches of three inches in diameter and
less shall be installed with a fall of not less than 1/4 of an inch per
foot. All drainage piping shall run in the general direction of the point
of disposal, without sharp angles or turns, unless impractical due to structural
conditions.
Any new installation of house sewers shall be made with a wye connection
and one-eighth bend to the main sewer and it shall be extra-heavy cast-iron
soil pipe to the property line. Where the house sewer has to be connected
to main sewer tile, the M.D. wye connection must be used.
Horizontal drainage piping larger than three inches in diameter shall
be installed with a fall of not less than 1/8 of an inch to the foot.
The following table of fixture unit values, designating the relative
load of weights of different kinds of fixtures, shall be employed in estimating
the total load carried by soil or waste pipes and shall be used in connection
with the tables for soil or waste pipes in which the permissible load is given
in terms of fixture units:
|
Fixture
|
Trap
(inches or type)
|
Fixture Unit Values
|
Fixture
|
Trap
(inches or type)
|
Fixture Unit Values
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Lavatory
|
1 1/4
|
1
|
Shower stall
|
2
|
3
|
|
Dental unit
|
--
|
1
|
Bidet-Sitz
|
--
|
3
|
|
Dental lavatory
|
--
|
1
|
Combination sink laundry tub
|
1 1/2
|
3
|
|
Soda fountain or bar sink
|
1 1/4
|
1
|
Dishwasher
|
1 1/2
|
3
|
|
Bathtub
|
Drum
|
2
|
Floor drain
|
3
|
3
|
|
Lavatory
|
1 1/2
|
2
|
Laundry tub
|
1 1/2
|
3
|
|
Kitchen sink
|
1 1/2
|
2
|
Kitchen sink
|
2
|
4
|
|
Sink, scullery
|
1 1/2
|
2
|
Sink, slop
|
--
|
3
|
|
Wash sink, each set of faucets
|
1 1/2
|
2
|
Urinal, stall or washout
|
--
|
3
|
|
Urinal, wall lip
|
--
|
2
|
Sink, scullery
|
2
|
4
|
|
Bedpan washer
|
3
|
6
|
Sink with flush trap
|
--
|
6
|
|
Water closet
|
--
|
6
|
Drinking fountain
|
1 1/4
|
1/2
|
For a continuous flow or a semicontinuous flow into a sanitary drainage
system, such as from a pump, sump ejector, air-conditioning equipment or similar
device, two fixture units shall be allowed for each gallon per minute flow.
The maximum number of fixture units that may be connected to a given
size of horizontal branch, building drain, vertical soil or waste stack or
building sewer is given in the following tables.
|
Maximum Number of Fixture Units Permitted
| ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Diameter of Building Drain
(inches)
|
1/8-Inch Fall Per Foot
|
1/4-Inch Fall Per Foot
|
1/2-Inch Fall Per Foot
|
One Horizontal branch
|
|
1 1/4
|
1
| |||
|
1 1/2
|
2
| |||
|
2
|
6
|
10
|
6
| |
|
2 1/2
|
12
|
20
|
10
| |
|
3
|
20
|
30
|
40
|
20
|
|
4
|
100
|
132
|
150
|
100
|
|
5
|
200
|
280
|
340
|
216
|
|
6
|
420
|
500
|
600
|
372
|
|
8
|
1,000
|
1,400
|
2,200
|
850
|
|
10
|
1,800
|
2,500
|
3,500
|
1,500
|
|
12
|
3,100
|
4,350
|
6,650
|
2,350
|
|
15
|
5,000
|
6,000
|
10,500
|
4,200
|
A.
The minimum size of a building drain receiving the discharge
of a water closet shall be four inches in diameter, continued full size to
all vertical stacks receiving the discharge of a water closet.
B.
Building drains receiving the discharge of any plumbing
fixture shall be connected to at least one stack with a minimum diameter of
three inches and extend from the roof.
A.
The maximum number of fixture units that may be connected
to a given size of a vertical soil or waste stack, and the total length thereof,
is given in the following table:
|
Sizes of Stacks
(maximum number of fixture units that may be connected)
| ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Maximum Number of Fixture Units Permitted
|
Maximum Number of Water Closets Permitted
|
Diameter of Stack
(inches)
|
Maximum Developed Length
(feet)
| |
|
1
|
1 1/4
|
40
| ||
|
2
|
1 1/2
|
50
| ||
|
10
|
2
|
75
| ||
|
24
|
2 1/2
|
100
| ||
|
36
|
2
|
3
|
150
| |
|
200
|
20
|
4
|
300
| |
|
450
|
50
|
5
|
500
| |
|
1,000
|
100
|
6
|
Unlimited
| |
|
2,200
|
200
|
8
|
Unlimited
| |
|
3,600
|
400
|
10
|
Unlimited
| |
B.
No water closet shall discharge into a stack less than
three inches in diameter. It shall be unlawful to discharge more than two
toilets into a three-inch stack, or to discharge more than one water closet
into a three-inch branch.
The maximum number of fixture units that may be connected to a vertical soil or waste stack within one branch interval is given in the table in § 221-204.
No soil or waste stack shall be smaller than the largest horizontal
branch connected thereto.
The required size of branch soil wastes receiving the discharge of more
than one fixture shall be determined on the basis of the total number of fixture
units drained by the branch soils and waste, in accordance with the following
table:
|
Fixture Unit Load in One Branch Interval
| ||
|---|---|---|
|
Maximum Number of Fixture Units Permitted
|
Maximum Number of Water Closets Permitted
|
Diameter of Branch
(inches)
|
|
1
2
|
1 1/4
1 1/2
| |
|
6
|
2
| |
|
10
|
2 1/2
| |
|
20
|
3
| |
|
75
|
10
|
4
|
|
150
|
20
|
5
|
|
300
|
40
|
6
|
|
600
|
80
|
8
|
When provision is made for the further installation of fixtures, those provided for shall be considered in determining the required sizes of drainpipes. Construction to provide for such further installation shall be terminated with a plugged fitting or fittings at the stack, so as to form no dead end, and shall be vented. See the following article, Article XI, Vents and Venting.
The drainage from such parts of the drainage system as lie below the
crown levels of the street sewer and also from parts that cannot drain by
gravity into the sewer shall be disposed of through a system of subbuilding
drains and shall be lifted by an approved means into the building sewer or
building drain.
A.
The piping for such system shall be known as subbuilding
drainage system.
B.
When subdrains do not receive the discharge of plumbing
fixtures other than floor drains or drips from machinery, it shall be unnecessary
for the sump or receiving tank to be airtight or vented.
C.
The discharge line from such ejector, pump or other mechanical
device shall be provided with an accessible backwater valve, and if the gravity
drainage line to which the discharge line connects is horizontal, the method
of connection shall be from the top through a wye branch fitting.
D.
The vents of subbuilding drainage systems shall be connected
independently of the vents of the gravity system, but all fixtures and equivalent
devices shall be trapped and vented.
All building subdrains shall discharge into a tight sump or receiving
tank so located as to receive the sewage by gravity. The sewage shall be lifted
and discharged into the building sewer or building drain by pumps, ejectors
or any equally efficient method. Such sumps or tanks shall be either automatically
discharged or be of sufficient size or capacity to hold the maximum accumulated
sewage and waste for a period of not less than 24 hours. This system shall
have the approval of the administrative authority.
No direct connection of a steam exhaust, boiler blowoff or drip pipe
shall be made with the building drainage system. Such pipes shall discharge
into the top and above the line of discharge of a suitable closed tank or
condenser made of wrought or cast iron, provided with a relief pipe of at
least three inches in diameter extending to the outer air above the roof.
Waste water, when discharged into the building drainage system, shall be at
a temperature not higher than 140º F. When higher temperature exists,
proper cooling methods shall be provided.
It shall be unlawful to set a water closet more than five feet from
the stack, unless it is vented by no less than a two-inch pipe.
All soil and waste stacks and branches shall be provided with approved
inlet fittings for fixture connections, correctly located according to the
size and type of fixture proposed to be connected.
While under construction all sewer, waste, soil and vent connections
shall be protected from the entrance of foreign material by plugs or caps.
Overflow and drain pipes from cisterns, expansion tanks, filters, drip
pans, cooling jackets, sprinkler systems, water supply tanks and similar equipment,
and the exhaust of a water lift, shall not be directly connected with any
house drain, soil or waste pipe. Such pipe shall discharge upon the roof or
be trapped into an open fixture or discharge as for refrigerator wastes.
It shall be unlawful to make connections between water supply pipes
and the sanitary sewer system.
No portion of the drainage system installed underground or below the
basement or cellar floor shall be less than two inches in diameter.
All soil, vent or waste stacks shall be installed inside of the structure.
Wastes from washing machines and similar fixtures, except washtrays,
may discharge on the floor in public laundries, dye houses, bottling works
and similar establishments, when located in rooms having watertight floors
provided with suitable interceptors or floor drains approved by the administrative
authority.
The drainage and plumbing system in each new building and new work installed
in an existing building shall be separate from and independent of that of
any other building except as provided below, and every building shall have
an independent connection with a public or private sewer when available.
When one building stands in the rear of another building on the same
interior lot and no private sewer is available or can be constructed to the
rear building through an adjoining alley, court, yard or driveway, the house
drain from the front building may be extended to the rear building and the
whole will be considered as one house drain.
Old building sewers and drains may be used in connection with new buildings
or new plumbing only when they are found on examination by the Inspector to
conform in all respects to the requirements governing new sewers or drains
as prescribed in this chapter. If the old work is found defective, the proper
administrative authority shall notify the owner to make the necessary changes
to conform with this chapter.
Each system of piping shall be laid in a separate trench, provided that
the drainage trenches may be benched for the lighter piping (water service)
if not in violation of any City regulation prescribed for their installation.
Where the double system of drainage is installed, the sanitary and storm sewer
or drain may be laid side by side in one trench.
All building sewer connections shall be made with cast-iron extra-heavy
pipe, lead and oakum joints, for cut in connections, and the M.D. connector
and one-eighth bend shall be used from the connection to the main sewer to
the property line. The M.D. connector shall be completely covered and molded
with cement around the main sewer and connector.
Location of all house sewers entering the main sewer shall be measured
from manhole on main sewer and at what depth. This measurement shall be filed
with the plumbing plan. All house drains shall be measured and a drawing made
showing the layout of the drainage system under the cellar floor. This drawing
shall be made and the licensed plumber must have it ready when he calls the
Inspector for inspection. All drains shall be laid a sufficient depth to be
protected from frost. Drawing shall be on ten-by-eight paper.
All water services and sewers for buildings being demolished shall be
taken care of in the following manner:
In existing buildings where soil or waste vent pipe is not extended
undiminished through the roof, or where there is a sheet metal soil or waste
vent pipe, and the fixture is changed in style or location or is replaced,
a soil or waste vent pipe of the size and material prescribed for new work
shall be installed.
Soil or waste stacks shall extend through the roof undiminished in size as established at the base, and such stacks shall meet the requirements of § 221-236 in the next article, Vents and Venting.
If style or location of water closet is changed, or new water closets
are added to an existing line of drain, the pipes and connections and room
ventilation thereto shall conform with these regulations.
Where bathrooms or water closets or other fixtures are located on opposite
sides of a wall or partition or directly adjacent to each other within the
prescribed distance, such fixtures may have a common soil or waste pipe and
common vent.
Any vertical branch rising more than 10 feet, or any lateral branch
running more than 25 feet from the main soil line, shall be continued full
size to a point above the roof in the same manner required for main soil pipes,
or may be returned to the main vent pipe full size, except that a reduction
in size of vent pipe may be permitted with the approval of the administrative
authority.
In case an offset in the soil or waste stack is below the lowest horizontal
branch, no change in diameter of the stack shall be required because of the
offset if there is no single change in direction greater than 45º.
No horizontal branch shall connect within the offset, and the branch
which ordinarily would connect to the stack on the floor immediately above
the offset shall connect to the stack below the offset.
All stack connections to house drains at the base of stack shall be
made with long sweep or on a forty-five-degree connection with a dandy cleanout
above the basement floor.
