[HISTORY: Adopted by the Wilton Town Meeting 8-24-1953. Amendments
noted where applicable.]
The provisions of the Sanitary Code shall apply
throughout the geographical limits of the Town of Wilton.
The provisions of the Sanitary Code of the State
of Connecticut relating to matters not specifically provided for hereunder
are incorporated herein by reference and made a part hereof. Particular
attention is directed to Regulation 102, Abatement of nuisance; Regulation
104, Garbage and refuse; Regulation 105, Manufacturing and other wastes;
Regulation 111, Stagnant water; and Regulation 127, Minimum requirements
for drainage and toilet systems, as set forth in the State Sanitary
Code.
A.
The Town Health Officer and the First Selectman shall
each have the power and duty to enforce the provisions of this Code.
B.
The First Selectman, with Board of Selectmen approval,
shall appoint a Town Sanitary Inspector to assist in the enforcement
of the provisions of this Code. As hereinafter used, the term "Town
Sanitary Authority" shall have reference to the Town Health Officer
or the First Selectman or the Town Sanitary Inspector.
[Amended 4-7-1992]
Any person who violates any provisions of this
Code shall be fined not more than $25 for any single violation. Each
day such violation is continued after due notice has been given by
the Town Sanitary Authority shall be deemed a separate violation and
shall be punishable as such.
All human excrement must be disposed of in properly
managed sewers, septic-tank systems, cesspools, privy vaults or by
other means approved by the Town Sanitary Authority in accordance
with the following requirements:
A.
No human excrement or material containing human excrement
shall be disposed of in such a manner that it is likely to gain access
to any waters except under conditions approved by the State Department
of Health.
B.
Every privy vault, toilet or other sewage-disposal
system shall be kept in a sanitary condition at all times and must
be so constructed and maintained as to prevent the escape of odors
and to exclude animals, poultry and flies. Material removed from any
privy vault, toilet or other sewage-disposal system shall be disposed
of by burial or by other sanitary methods approved by the Town Sanitary
Authority.
C.
No material from any privy vault, septic tank or cesspool
situated on any watershed the water of which is used for drinking
purposes shall be deposited within 50 feet of the high-water mark
of any reservoir or stream on such watershed and such material if
deposited by any place on such watershed shall be disposed of by burial
or by other methods approved by the State Department of Health, so
that no portion of the material can escape or be washed into a water-supply
stream or reservoir.
D.
No kitchen wastes, laundry water, sink water or toilet
wastes shall be allowed to discharge or flow into any gutter, street,
roadway or public place, nor shall such material discharge on to any
private property so as to create a nuisance or condition detrimental
to health.
No sewage-disposal system shall hereafter be
constructed or rebuilt for any dwelling, apartment, boardinghouse,
hotel, restaurant or other building unless an application for a permit
has been filed with and a permit issued by the Town Sanitary Authority.
Unless otherwise permitted in writing by the
Town Sanitary Authority, the following minimum requirements for the
installation of any private sewage-disposal system hereafter constructed
or rebuilt shall be enforced:
A.
House sewers: House sewers shall not be less than
four inches in diameter. The grade shall be at least 1/4 inch per
foot. Pipe for such house sewers shall be of cast iron, with headed
joints, to a point at least eight feet beyond the foundation wall
of any cellar or basement. Portions of house sewers within 75 feet
of a well shall be of cast iron, with leaded joints, but no portion
of such sewer line, however constructed, shall be within 25 feet of
a well.
B.
Cesspools: Cesspools shall not be constructed for
the disposal of sewage unless preceded by septic-tank treatment or
unless used for sink drainage or laundry water only.
C.
Location of system: No septic tank, cesspool, tile
field, seepage bed or privy vault shall without the approval of the
Town Sanitary Authority be constructed within 75 feet of a well or
spring or within 50 feet of a human habitation other than the building
served, nor shall be constructed within 50 feet of a tributary of
a water-supply reservoir or any ground or surface-water drain tributary
to such reservoir. No part of the system shall be located within 15
feet of a lot line or within 50 feet of any stream, pond, lake, without
approval by the Town Sanitary Authority. No system shall be laid out
in areas where high-ground water, surface flooding or ledge rock will
interfere with its effective operation.
D.
Population served: In all of the following specifications,
one family is considered as five persons. Where it is known that a
larger number of persons is to be served by a single system, proportional
increases in the sizes of the system shall be made. For houses containing
more than two bedrooms, the system shall be based on an estimate of
two persons per bedroom. Similar considerations apply to a house of
more than one family, or to a boardinghouse.
E.
Septic tanks: Septic tanks shall be provided for water-carriage
sewage disposal. No tank shall be located within 15 feet of a house.
They shall be constructed with watertight walls and bottom, with inlets
baffled or submerged for a depth of 12 inches and outlets baffled
or submerged to a depth of at least 18 inches below the surface of
liquid in the tank but not more than 1/2 of the liquid depth. With
two compartment tanks there should be adequate connections about at
mid-depth, and 2/3 or more of the required capacity should be in the
first compartment. Septic tanks shall be made with removable covers
or manholes so as to provide access to the tank for purposes of cleaning;
such covers shall be flytight. At least two manholes shall be provided
for tanks more than 10 feet long and at least one manhole per compartment.
No septic tank shall have a liquid capacity of less than 500 gallons
below the outlet invert. For a household using a garbage grinder connected
to the house sewer, the septic tank capacity shall be increased at
least 50%. The minimum liquid depth of septic tanks shall be 36 inches,
measured from the bottom to the invert of the outlet.
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Minimum liquid capacities for more
than one family are as follows:
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Two families — 1,000 gallons.
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Three families — 1,500 gallons.
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Larger sizes proportional.
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F.
Disposal of septic-tank effluent: Disposal of septic-tank
effluent may be by means of tile or other accepted distributing pipe
laid in screened gravel or broken stone, or by means of leaching cesspools,
at a distance of at least 20 feet from any dwelling or building on
the same property. No part of any leaching system shall be within
25 feet of a storm drain, cellar drain, or subsoil drain which discharges
into a stream, culvert, or onto the surface of the ground unless such
drains are constructed of cast-iron pipe with leaded joints. No part
of such leaching system shall be within 15 feet of the top of an embankment
where seepage may escape from the embankment. Seepage systems shall
not cross water-service lines.
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Leaching cesspools may be preferable
where the amount of area is limited or where porous soil is at a greater
depth than can be secured by tile fields. They are not recommended
where ground water may interfere with their operation, or where soil
of better seepage quality is found at shallow depth.
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G.
Classification of soil: In making tests for classification of soil, such tests shall be considered in the light of groundwater variations as specified in subsection C. The classification of soil at the proposed location of a seepage system shall be determined by soil tests made as follows:
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For cesspools, a pit about one foot
square shall be dug. This should extend to the depth of the proposed
cesspool. For tile fields, the pit may be about one foot square and
dug to a depth of the proposed trenches, usually 18 to 30 inches.
Before observations are made the pit shall be thoroughly wet down
by filling it to a depth of at least 12 inches or more. The pit shall
then be refilled with water to a depth of 12 inches or more, and the
rate of drop of water measured for a period of 30 to 60 minutes under
normal conditions. The minimum uniform rate of drop should be used
in calculating seepage areas. When tests are made, consideration should
be given to the finished grade of building sites, so that results
will correspond to the absorptive value of the soil in which leaching
systems will be constructed. In investigating soil conditions for
a large area, test pits may have to be dug at a rate of one per acre
or even one per lot. Also in investigating soil conditions for a large
area, more than one deep test pit is frequently desirable in that
this may disclose available good seepage soil below normal depths.
Where the observed drop is at a rate faster than one inch in three
minutes (coarse sand or gravel), the soil shall be considered as Class
A; where the rate is slower than one inch in three minutes and faster
than one inch in 10 minutes (fine sand or light sandy loam), the soil
shall be considered as Class B; where the rate is slower than one
inch in 10 minutes and faster than one inch in 30 minutes (clay with
some sand, gravel or silt; not for very tight soils), the soil shall
be considered as Class C; where the rate is slower than one inch in
30 minutes, the soil shall be considered as Class D and special consideration
is needed to avoid nuisance conditions. In some Class D soils it may
be impossible or impracticable to construct a subsurface method for
the disposal of sewage.
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Leaching Cesspools
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CLASS A SOIL
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Number of Families
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Number of Cesspools
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Diameter in Feet
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Depth Below Inlet in Feet
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1
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1
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5
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5
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2
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1
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8
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6
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3
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2
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6
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6
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CLASS B SOIL
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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Number of Cesspools
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Diameter in Feet
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Depth Below Inlet in Feet
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1
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6
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7
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2
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6
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7
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2
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8
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8
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CLASS C SOIL
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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Number of Cesspools
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Diameter in Feet
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Depth Below Inlet in Feet
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2
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6
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7
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2
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9
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8
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3
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9
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8
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The distance between cesspools shall
be at least three times the diameter of the cesspools, the walls shall
be surrounded by about 12 inches of screened gravel or broken stone
to prevent the entrance of soil.
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Minimum Linear Feet of Tile Lines with
Open Joints in Stone Filled Trenches
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Number of Families
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Class A Soil 2 Feet Wide
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Class B Soil 2 Feet Wide
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Class C Soil 2 Feet Wide
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1
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100
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150
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200
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2
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200
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300
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350
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3
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300
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450
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500
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These dimensions may be modified to suit local
conditions provided equivalent absorptive area is made available.
Under normal conditions, however, trench width should not exceed 30
inches.
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H.
Required sizes and construction of leaching areas:
Unglazed drain tile, at least four inches in diameter, laid with open
joints (1/4 to 1/2 inch) in shallow trenches of the width indicated
and about 18 inches deep may be used. Pipe of vitrified tile or other
acceptable material with suitable perforations or adequate spacing
may also be used. All trenches should follow contours with the bottoms
of the individual trenches level. The upper portions of joint openings
should be protected by strips of tar paper or other suitable material.
Tile shall be laid near the top of a layer of one inch screened gravel
or broken stone placed to a depth of at least 10 inches in the trenches.
The minimum depth of stone under tile invert shall be at least 1/2
the width of trench, bottom trench area only shall be used in determining
total absorptive area. Tile lines shall be laid on a grade not exceeding
two to four inches per 100 feet. A layer of salt hay or tar paper
shall be placed over the gravel before backfilling the trenches. Spacing
between adjacent sides of trenches for tile lines shall be at least
three times the width of the trench. When space between trenches is
also excavated and backfilled with one-inch stone or screened gravel,
only 1/3 of the total bottom area shalt be considered effective. Construction
shall be such as to provide for proper distribution of settled sewage
to trenches. Better distribution, particularly for large systems with
several trenches, is secured in tile fields by using siphon dosing
apparatus to apply the septic-tank effluent. Where elevations are
not sufficient to permit use of siphons, diverting boxes with several
outlets of the same elevation to individual trenches shall be used.
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Length of individual tile laterals
shall not exceed 75 feet except that in installations where dosing
apparatus is used, a maximum length of 100 feet may be used.
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If slope of the main header exceeds
one foot per 100 feet, provision shall be made for reducing the velocity
of the septic-tank effluent ahead of the seepage system by properly
located and constructed distribution box or drop-manhole construction.
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Depth of lateral inverts below ground
surface should preferably be between 12 inches and 24 inches, but
depths up to 36 inches or greater may be used if warranted by conditions
of topography or more favorable absorption capacity of soil at that
depth.
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I.
Disposal of sewage in practically impervious, Class
D, or wet soil: Where such conditions exist, no sewage-disposal system
shall be built, unless special plans are prepared and carried out
in accordance with requirements of the Town Sanitary Authority. In
impervious soil or rock it may be necessary to install a chemical
toilet or privy vault instead of having a water-carriage system.
J.
Escape of overflow: No drainage from sewage-disposal
system shall be discharged into a street gutter or onto the surface
of the ground.
K.
Privies: Privies shall be constructed with adequate
storage space for excreta, with self-closing seat covers and flytight
vault, and with screened vent from the vault to the atmosphere. Privies
shall be constructed so as to permit ready cleaning.
L.
Other drainage: No ground-water drainage or drainage
from roofs, cellars or yards shall discharge into any portion of a
sewage-disposal system. Separate facilities shall be provided for
such drainage.
M.
Sink drainage: Sink drainage or laundry-water systems,
where no water-flush toilet fixtures are used, shall be constructed
with at least 1/3 (if the garbage grinder is provided, at least 1/2)
the capacity specified for usual house-sewerage systems.
N.
Final inspection and approval: No part of a septic-tank
system shall be covered before it shall have been inspected and approved
by the Town Sanitary Authority.
A.
No well shall be dug, drilled or otherwise constructed
for any dwelling, apartment, boardinghouse, hotel, restaurant or other
building, unless an application for a permit has been filed with,
and a permit issued by, the Town Sanitary Authority.
B.
No well shall be constructed in any manner within
75 feet of any discharge part of sewage-disposal system.
