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City of Lancaster, PA
Lancaster County
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Table of Contents
Table of Contents
[Adopted as Articles 168 and 169 of the Codified Ordinances; amended in its entirety 8-18-1999 by Ord. No. 3-1999[1]]
[1]
Editor's Note: This article also superseded former Art. IV, Firemens' Benefits, adopted as Art. 168 of the Codified Ordinances.
The purpose of this article is to establish certain benefits payable, to Fire Fighters or beneficiaries of Fire Fighters under the direction of an organization consisting of City officials and Fire Fighters. The purpose is also to establish a funding policy for the Bureau of Firefighters' Relief for the City of Lancaster.
Whenever used herein, the following terms shall have the following meanings unless a different meaning is clearly required by the context or by the Third Class City Code:
ACTIVE FIRE FIGHTER
Any Fire Fighter who is actively employed by or on a leave approved by the Fire Bureau (sometimes referred to herein as an "approved leave") and who has Civil Service status.
ASSOCIATION
The Lancaster City Fire Fighter's Relief Association, a corporation charted by the Court of Common Pleas of Lancaster County on September 8, 1897, in the Charter Book No. 2, page 50.
BASE PENSION BENEFIT
The benefits determined in accordance with Schedule A attached to this article[1] based on the Member's Base Rate Compensation and Longevity Pay (as set forth in Schedule A) as of the date of termination, retirement or death, as applicable, except as otherwise provided in this article. This definition shall apply to all members who retire after January 1, 1993.
[Amended 5-23-2000 by Ord. No. 2-2000]
BASE RATE COMPENSATION
The Member's basic monthly compensation plus Longevity pay (as described in Schedule A), as an employee of the Fire Bureau excluding overtime pay, educational incentive pay, acting officers' pay and other compensation, provided that, irrespective of his/her actual rank, a Member's Base Rate Compensation shall be based on the lowest base salary for such rank as may from time to time be paid by the City in accordance with the schedule attached as Schedule A to this article. This definition shall apply to all Members who retire after January 1, 1993.
BUREAU
The Bureau of Fire Fighter's Relief for the City of Lancaster.
CHILD or CHILDREN
The adopted and biological Child or Children of a Member.
CITY
The City of Lancaster, Pennsylvania.
CODE
The Optional Third Class City Charter Law as amended from time to time. See 53 P. S. § 41101 et seq.
CONTINUOUS
Without interruption or break in service for any cause whatsoever, except service in the Armed Forces of the United States during any period of armed conflict or as otherwise required by law.
[Amended 5-23-2000 by Ord. No. 2-2000]
DISABLED FIRE FIGHTER
Any Active Fire Fighter who has suffered Permanent and Total Disability.
EXPOSURE
Any disease or ailment, including heart attack or disease of the heart, that a Member is liable to, or experiences in performing his/her duties in the fire house, on a fire run or on the fire grounds.
FIRE BUREAU
The Fire Bureau of the City of Lancaster, Pennsylvania.
FIRE FIGHTER
Any person employed by the Fire Bureau.
FUND
The Lancaster Bureau of Fire Fighter's Relief Fund, as described in § 64-22 of this article.
LONGEVITY or LONGEVITY PAY
As used in this article and the attached Schedule A,[2] an additional amount of income added to a Member's Base Rate Compensation. Longevity pay may be calculated in accordance with the provisions of the Collective Bargaining Agreement in effect at the time of separation of service.
MEMBER
Any Active Fire Fighter, Retired Fire Fighter or Pensioner.
PENSION LIST
The list of Active Fire Fighters or Retired Fire Fighters eligible to receive pension benefits.
PENSIONER
Any former Active Fire fighter who is receiving pension benefits under this article.
PERMANENT AND TOTAL DISABILITY
A mental or physical impairment which renders a Member unable to perform the essential duties of a Fire Fighter, as determined in accordance with §§ 64-29 and 64-30.
PLAN YEAR
The twelve-consecutive month period ending each December 31.
RETIRED FIRE FIGHTER
Any former Active Firefighter who has qualified for the payment of retirement benefits.
SERVICE INCREMENT
Has the meaning ascribed to the term in Section 39322 of the Third Class City Code[3] and § 64-27 of this article.
SPOUSE
The husband or wife of any Active Fire Fighter, Disabled Fire Fighter, Retired Fire Fighter or Pensioner.
UNION
The Lancaster Professional Firefighters Association Local 319 of the International Association of Fire Fighters.
YEAR OF SERVICE
Each period of 12 consecutive months during which an Active Fire Fighter receives compensation for services performed for the City as an Active Fire Fighter or while on approved leave, provided that such Years of Service are Continuous.
YEARS OF SERVICE
For purposes of computing benefits, the number of Continuous Years of Service.
[1]
Editor's Note: Schedule A is included at the end of this chapter.
[2]
Editor's Note: Schedule A is included at the end of this chapter.
[3]
Editor's Note: See 53 P.S. 39322.
There is hereby established a Fund to be administered by the Bureau of Fire Fighters' Relief for the City of Lancaster. The Bureau shall be composed of the Mayor, the City Treasurer, the City Controller, the Chief of the Fire Bureau, one other officer of the Fire Bureau, one Fire Fighter and one Pensioner; the latter three to be elected by the Association.
The Bureau shall be the custodian of the Fund, as at present or formerly constituted, and all moneys which may hereafter be paid into the Fund. From the Fund, the Bureau shall maintain an account which shall be kept invested and to which shall be added all contributions, additions or income, from any source whatsoever, not disbursed for benefits as hereinafter provided.
A. 
Each Active Fire Fighter shall contribute to the Fund each month an amount of money equal to a percentage of his/her monthly Base Rate Compensation and Longevity pay as described in Schedule A attached to this article[1] for such Active Fire Fighter's rank, to be used to provide Funds for the payment of benefits described hereunder and in accordance with Section 39322 of the Third Class City Code.[2]
[1]
Editor's Note: Schedule A is included at the end of this chapter.
[2]
Editor's Note: See 53 P.S. § 39322.
B. 
Each Active Fire Fighter shall also contribute to the Association each month an amount of money equal to 1% of the Base Rate Compensation of a Firefighter in a Fire Fighter III classification under the City's payroll system, which money shall be used to purchase group life insurance for Members. The Members have designated the Association as their separate agent to administer such group life insurance.
A. 
Any Active Fire Fighter in good standing who has attained 10 Years of Service shall be placed on the Pension List and shall be entitled to receive from the Fund, for the remainder of his/her life, benefits as provided in this article and subject to application limitations set forth herein.
B. 
Receipt of pension benefits.
(1) 
A Member who terminates his/her employment as an Active Fire Fighter before completing 25 Years of Service shall be entitled to receive pension benefit as set forth in Schedule A attached to this article, subject to the following requirements:
(a) 
The Member must file with the Bureau a written notice of his/her intention to terminate his/her employment as an Active Fire Fighter or retire;
(b) 
The Member must include in the notice the date the Member intends to terminate his/her employment as an Active Fire Fighter;
(c) 
The termination or retirement date must be at least 30 days after the date of such notice; and
(d) 
Upon receiving such notice, the Bureau shall notify the Member of the Base Rate Compensation and Longevity pay of the Member as of the date of such notice.
(2) 
Upon reaching the date at which the Member is entitled to begin receiving benefits as provided in § 64-26 of this article, the Member shall notify the Bureau, in writing, that he/she desires to begin receiving his/her pension benefits.
All Active Firefighters shall resign from their employment with the Fire Bureau upon attaining the age of 60 years. The terms of this § 64-25 shall be self-executing without any action on the part of an Active Fire Fighter who attains the age of 60 years.
A. 
A Member who retires or terminates his/her employment as an Active Fire Fighter upon or after having completed 25 Years of Service shall receive from the Fund for the rest of his/her life his/her Base Pension Benefit commencing upon the Member's retirement or termination.
B. 
A Member who retires or terminates his/her employment as an Active Firefighter upon or after having completed at least 20 Years of Service, but less than 25 Years of Service, shall receive from the Fund his/her Base Pension Benefit commencing at such time as the Member would have achieved 25 Years of Service. Pension benefits under this Subsection B shall be based on the amount of Base Rate Compensation at the time of separation.
C. 
A Member who retires or terminates his/her employment as an Active Fire Fighter upon or after having completed at least 10 Years of Service, but less than 20 Years of Service, shall receive from the Fund his/her Base Pension Benefit multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of his/her Years of Service and the denominator of which is 25. Pension benefits under this Subsection C shall be based on the Member's Base Rate Compensation at the time of termination and shall commence at such time as the Member would have achieved 25 Years of Service.
D. 
A Member who must retire under § 64-25 (pertaining to compulsory retirement) after having completed less than 25 Years of Service shall receive from the Fund for the rest of his/her life, commencing at the time of retirement, his/her Base Pension Benefit at the time of compulsory retirement, multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which is the number of his/her Years of Service and the denominator of which shall be 25.
E. 
If the employment of a Member with less than 10 Years of Service is terminated for any cause other than death and such Member or his/her Spouse or Children are not entitled to disability benefits under the provisions of this article, there shall be refunded to such Member (if he/she is then living) or his/her Spouse, if any, if the Member is not living at the time of such termination, or if there is no such Spouse, to his/her Children, or if there are no such Children, to the Member's estate, the net amount of the Member's contributions less the amount of all disability benefits theretofore paid to the Member or his/her Spouse or Children. Such refund shall be made upon termination of employment.
F. 
Deferred retirement option program (DROP).
[Added 2-28-2006 by Ord. No. 2-2006]
(1) 
DROP Election.
(a) 
An Active Fire Fighter who has attained age 51 and completed 25 Years of Service may elect to participate in the DROP, continue employment with the City, and defer receipt of the retirement benefit under the Fund by filing a written application with the City.
(b) 
In addition to filing a written application electing to participate in the DROP, an eligible Active Fire Fighter must do the following:
[1] 
Execute an irrevocable written election to participate in the DROP that states the date on which the Member's participation in the DROP will terminate [provided that such termination date must comply with § 64-26F(2)(b)] and that includes the following acknowledgments:
[a] 
That, as of the date on which participation in the DROP commences, the Member's pension calculation under the other terms of the Fund will freeze and no service rendered nor compensation received during the period of participation in the DROP will be considered for pension benefit calculation purposes under the other provisions of the Fund;
[b] 
As of the date on which the Member's participation in the DROP commences, the Member will continue to make pension contributions to the Fund as provided in § 64-23A at the then-prevailing wage rate;
[c] 
Participation in the DROP will in no way limit or diminish the City's right to terminate or suspend a Member for misconduct.
[2] 
Complete all other retirement documents requested by the City, Bureau or any other governing body.
(c) 
A Member who chooses to terminate DROP participation prior to the DROP participation termination date given at the time of the DROP election, as provided in § 64-26F(1)(b)[i], shall provide the City with a minimum of 90 days written notice prior to the amended DROP participation termination date [provided that such amended termination date must comply with § 64-26F(2)(b)]. Failure to provide the City with written notice 90 days prior to the amended DROP participation termination date will result in the Member's DROP election being permanently revoked. In that event, the pension at retirement is calculated as if DROP had never been elected. If extenuating circumstances exist, the City maintains the discretion to waive this requirement. In all cases, the final decision of whether or not to waive this requirement rests with the City.
(2) 
Benefit under DROP.
(a) 
A Member's participation in the DROP shall commence on the first day of the month following the City's receipt of the documents required under § 64-26F(1). Effective with the Member's commencement in the DROP, the Member's Base Pension Benefit and Service Increment under the other terms of the Fund, effective date of retirement and effective date of participation in the DROP shall be fixed.
(b) 
The Member's participation in the DROP shall terminate not less than three years after commencement of participation, but no more than five years after commencement of participation. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Member's participation in the DROP shall terminate upon the attainment of age 60 regardless of the number of years of participation.
(c) 
The Member's frozen retirement benefit shall be calculated as provided in §§ 64-26A and 64-27 as of his/her effective date of participation in the DROP.
(d) 
The Member's participation in the DROP does not guarantee his/her employment with the City during the participation period specified in his/her election.
(3) 
DROP account.
(a) 
During the first three years of participation in the DROP, the Member's frozen monthly retirement benefit plus the Member's contributions under § 64-23A shall be credited to his/her DROP account on the last day of each month. Additionally, interest shall be credited to a Member's DROP account on the last day of each month at the rate of 5.0% per annum, provided that the balance of the Member's account on the first day of such month shall be used when determining the interest to be credited to the Member's account.
(b) 
During each month of participation in the DROP after the first three years of participation, a Member's DROP account shall only be credited with the Member's contributions under § 64-23A on the last day of such month and shall no longer be credited with the Member's frozen monthly retirement benefit. Additionally, a Member's DROP account shall be increased or decreased each month by the amount determined by multiplying the balance of the Member's account as of the first day of the month by 1/3 the rate of return of the Fund for the quarter in which such month falls, provided that the monthly increase of a Member's account shall never exceed 0.708%.
(c) 
The Member shall receive an annual statement showing the accumulated balance in his/her DROP account.
(d) 
No monthly retirement benefit (or any interest or earnings) shall be credited to a Member's account after the Member's disability, death or termination of participation in the DROP.
(e) 
The Member may not draw from, anticipate, alienate nor access his/her account during the period of participation in the DROP.
(4) 
Termination of participation in DROP.
(a) 
A Member's participation in the DROP shall terminate on the date on which the Member elects to terminate participation in the DROP pursuant to § 64-26F(1)(b)[1] [provided that such termination date must comply with § 64-26F(2)(b)].
(b) 
Upon termination of participation in the DROP:
[1] 
The Member must terminate employment with the City.
[2] 
The Member shall receive distribution of the balance in his/her DROP account in a lump sum within 90 days.
[3] 
The frozen monthly retirement benefit determined under the other terms of the Fund shall commence to the Member as of the last day of the month following termination of participation in the DROP.
[4] 
The Member shall be ineligible to again participate in the DROP.
(c) 
Notwithstanding any other provisions herein, except in the case of disability or death, if the Member's employment as an Active Fire Fighter terminates prior to the third anniversary of his/her participation date in the DROP (except for attainment of age 60), the DROP election is permanently revoked and the retirement benefit to which the Member is entitled under the Fund is calculated as if the Member had never elected to participate in the DROP.
(5) 
Disability benefits. Notwithstanding any other provision of this § 64-26F, if a Member suffers Total and Permanent Disability under §§ 64-28A or 64-28B during his/her participation in the DROP, the Member shall receive distribution of the balance in his/her DROP account in a lump sum, as determined at the time the Member suffers Total and Permanent Disability. Such lump sum shall be in addition to the monthly disability benefit payable under § 64-28, based upon the frozen retirement benefit determined under § 64-26F(2)(c).
(6) 
Death benefits. Notwithstanding any other provision of this § 64-26F, if a Member dies during his/her participation in the DROP, the balance of the Member's DROP account will be distributed in a lump sum to the Member's designated beneficiary, or if no beneficiary exists, to the Member's estate. Such lump sum shall be in addition to the death benefits determined in accordance with § 64-32 based upon the frozen retirement benefit determined under § 64-26F(2)(c).
(7) 
General Municipal Pension System State Aid.
(a) 
In the event that Act 205 General Municipal Pension Fund State Aid is reduced for Members participating in the DROP, the amount credited to each Member's DROP account shall be reduced as follows:
[1] 
If the City loses $5,000 or more of estimated Act 205 General Municipal Pension Fund State Aid per DROP participant, the amount contributed to a Member's DROP account shall be reduced by 10% of the Member's frozen retirement benefit as calculated in § 64-26A.
[2] 
If the City loses less than $5,000 of estimated Act 205 General Municipal Pension Fund State Aid per DROP participant, the amount contributed to a Member's DROP account shall be reduced by 10% of the Member's frozen retirement as calculated in § 64-26A times a fraction, the numerator of which is the lost estimated State Aid per DROP participant and the denominator of which is $5,000.
(b) 
Estimated Act 205 General Municipal Pension Fund State Aid shall be equal to the Act 205 Unit Value of the preceding year times two.[1]
[1]
Editor’s Note: Former Subsection F(8), regarding DROP revocation for select individuals, was repealed 4-9-2019 by Ord. No. 04-2019.
[Amended 5-23-2000 by Ord. No. 2-2000; 12-16-2003 by Ord. No. 19-2003]
Each Member entitled to any pension benefit under this article after January 1, 2003, shall be entitled to receive a Service Increment (in accordance with and subject to the terms described in the Third Class City Code) to his/her monthly pension benefit equal to 2.5% of the Member's monthly Base Pension Benefit (determined as of the date of termination, retirement, death or disability, as applicable) times the number of Years of Service of such Member in excess of 20, provided that no Years of Service after the Member has reached age 60 shall be counted and provided, further, that the maximum Service Increment payable hereunder shall be $300 per month. Each Member under age 60 shall pay into the fund the sum of $3 per month as his/her contribution towards the Service Increments of all Members.
A. 
If a Member suffers Total and Permanent Disability as a result of a mental or physical condition (determined on the basis of written reports obtained from a physician designated by the Association) which was not incurred in the line of duty, he/she shall be entitled to a monthly disability benefit if he/she has completed five or more Years of Service. Such disability benefits shall be determined and paid as follows:
(1) 
If the Member has completed at least 20 Years of Service, such Member shall receive a monthly disability benefit equal to the Base Pension Benefit at the time of the commencement of the disability. Such disability benefits shall continue until the earliest of the following events:
(a) 
The Member is determined to be no longer suffering a Permanent and Total Disability;
(b) 
The earliest date on which the Member would be entitled to commence receiving pension benefits under this article; or
(c) 
The death of the Member.
(2) 
If the Member has completed at least five Years of Service but less than 20 Years of Service, such Member shall receive a monthly disability benefit equal to his/her base  pension benefit determined at the time of the commencement of the disability, multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the number of the Member's Years of Service and the denominator of which shall be 20. Such disability benefits shall continue until the earliest of the following events:
(a) 
The Member is determined to be no longer disabled;
(b) 
The earliest date on which the Member would be entitled to commence receiving pension benefits under this article; or
(c) 
The death of the Member.
B. 
If a Member suffers Permanent and Total Disability as a result of a mental or physical condition or Exposure which is determined to have been incurred in the line of duty, no minimum period of service shall be required for eligibility for disability benefits. A Member entitled to disability benefits hereunder shall be entitled to receive 100% of his/her Base Pension Benefit subject to any off-set required by law, such as, for example, workers' compensation benefits. Such disability benefits shall continue until the earliest of the following events:
(1) 
The disabled Member is determined to be no longer disabled; or
(2) 
The death of the Member.
C. 
Subject to the minimum Years of Service required by this § 64-28, payment of disability benefits shall commence immediately after the determination of eligibility by the Bureau.
No Member shall be placed on the Pension List as a result of Permanent and Total Disability nor shall any disability benefits be paid to a Member where there are no external or visible signs or symptoms of disease or bodily injury, or where the nature, cause and name of the disability is unknown or incapable of direct and positive proof, or where the disability arises directly or indirectly from intemperate or immoral conduct; and the Bureau may at any reasonable time, at the expense of the Bureau, require a physical examination or examinations or other satisfactory proof or proofs of the beginning or continuance of a disability as a prerequisite to making any payments to any Member for disability, pension benefits or other benefits.
No Member shall receive any benefits under this article by reason of Permanent and Total Disability except on the written statement of at least two of three physicians to be named by the Association, each of whom shall examine the Member.
A. 
The Bureau shall pay such physician's for each such service rendered.
[Amended 5-23-2000 by Ord. No. 2-2000]
B. 
No Disabled Fire Fighter who is in the active employ of any employer shall continue to receive disability benefits under this article, except with the written permission of the Association, which shall be granted unless the Association determines that the Member's ability to perform the duties of such other employment indicate an ability to perform the duties of an Active Fire Fighter.
C. 
A Disabled Fire Fighter shall be subject to reexamination for Fire Bureau service at all times until the commencement of pension benefits.
No Member shall be entitled to receive from the Bureau concurrently both disability benefits and pension benefits.
A. 
Payment of benefits to surviving Spouse.
(1) 
If an Active Fire Fighter or Disabled Fire Fighter dies as a result of injuries or Exposure suffered in the line of duty, a monthly pension benefit shall be paid to his/her surviving Spouse as of the date of death until the death of such surviving Spouse, which benefit shall be equal to the Base Pension Benefit such Member would have received had he/she retired as of the date of his/her death, but computed as if the Member had completed 20 Years of Service.
(2) 
If an Active Fire Fighter or Disabled Fire Fighter dies before retirement other than as a result of injuries or Exposure suffered in the line of duty and has completed 20 Years of Service as of the date of his/her death, such Member's surviving Spouse as of the date of death shall be entitled to receive a monthly pension benefit equal to the Base Pension Benefit the Member would have received had he/she retired as of the date of his/her death. Such payments shall commence immediately upon the death of the Member and continue until such Spouse's death.
(3) 
In the case of the death of any Active Fire Fighter or Disabled Fire Fighter who has completed more than 10 Years of Service but less than 20 Years of Service, other than as a result of injuries or Exposure suffered in the line of duty, his/her surviving Spouse as of the date of death shall receive a monthly pension equal to the Base Pension Benefit of the Active Fire Fighters or Disabled Fire Fighter multiplied by a fraction, the numerator of which shall be the number of his/her Years of Service and the denominator of which shall be 20, which benefits shall continue until such Spouse's death.
(4) 
If a Retired Fire Fighter dies, his/her surviving Spouse shall receive a pension benefit equal to the Base Pension Benefit to which the Member was entitled, commencing immediately upon the death of the Member, provided that such Spouse had been married to the Member for one year prior to separation of service. Such benefits shall continue until such Spouse's death.
(5) 
If a Pensioner dies, his/her surviving Spouse shall receive a pension benefit equal to the Base Pension Benefit which the Pensioner was receiving, commencing immediately upon the death of the Pensioner, provided that such Spouse had been married to the Pensioner for one year prior to separation of service. Such benefits shall continue until such Spouse's death.
B. 
If a Member dies under circumstances described in Subsections A(1) through (5) of this § 64-32 and leaves no surviving Spouse or a surviving Spouse who is eligible for benefits under this § 64-32 but who later dies, then a monthly pension benefit shall be paid to the legal guardian of such Member's Children who are under the age of 18 years in equal shares, which payments shall commence upon the death of the Member or, if later, the death of such surviving Spouse, and shall continue until the youngest of such Children attains the age of 18 years, which benefits shall be equal to the Base Pension Benefit the surviving Spouse would have received.
C. 
If a Member dies and leaves no survivors who are eligible for pension benefits, the deceased Member's estate shall receive from the Bureau an amount equal to that which the deceased Member has contributed to the Fund, without interest, less the amount which the deceased Member has actually received from the Fund.
D. 
If a member dies under circumstances described in Subsections A(1) through (5) of this § 64-32 and leaves neither a surviving Spouse or a surviving Spouse who is eligible for benefits under this § 64-32 but who later dies, nor Children who are eligible for benefits under this § 64-32, then a monthly pension benefit shall be paid to the dependent parent(s) of the Member, if any, which payments shall commence upon the death of the Member and shall continue until the parent(s)' death, which benefits shall be equal to the Base Pension Benefit a surviving Spouse or Child would have received.
[Added 5-23-2000 by Ord. No. 2-2000]
The Bureau may require that:
A. 
All applications for disability benefits or pension benefits payable on account of death shall be made to the Secretary of the Bureau in writing within 30 days after death or 12 months after the commencement of Permanent and Total Disability.
B. 
All applications for benefits shall be accompanied by proof of disability or death and/or other information reasonably necessary to enable the Bureau to make a determination as to the entitlement to benefits under this article.
If at any time the funds available for the payment of pension benefits, death benefits or disability benefits under this article are insufficient to pay all beneficiaries in full, such funds shall be divided among the beneficiaries pro rata on the relative amounts of benefits to which each is entitled until such time, if any, as available Funds are sufficient to pay all beneficiaries in full.
All funds disbursed by the Bureau shall be paid by check signed by the City Treasurer and the City Controller, on orders drawn by any two of the Chairman, the Secretary or the Treasurer of the Bureau.
The Funding policy for the Fund will at all times be consistent with the Third Class City Code to the extent applicable as amended by the Municipal Pension Plan Funding Standard and Recovery Act, 53 P.S. § 895.101 et. seq.
All funds, assets and securities now and heretofore held and administered by the Bureau known as the "Fire Fighters' Pension and Benefits Fund" shall be held and administered by the Bureau (as herein defined) as part of the Fund (as herein defined) in accordance with the provisions of this article.[1]
[1]
Editor's Note: Former Art. V, Benefits for Police Officers, adopted as Article 166 of the Codified Ordinances, was repealed 5-25-2004 by Ord. No. 8-2004. With the repeal of Art. V, Art. IV, which was reserved, was also removed from the Code.