The owner shall obtain such permits as are necessary for the
opening of streets, building permits and such others as are required
by local law. These shall be obtained prior to the start of construction
and at no cost to the district. The owner shall be responsible for
payment of all fees required by such local laws.
The Engineer shall be notified at least seven working days in
advance of the start of construction.
All materials becoming a part of the permanent construction,
as called for on the approved drawings and in the specifications,
shall be first-class in every respect and subject to the approval
of the Engineer, who shall be the sole judge of their quality and
suitability for the purposes that they are to be used. If any material
brought on the site or used in the work is condemned by the Engineer
after arrival at the site as unsuitable or not in conformity with
the specifications, the owner shall immediately remove such materials
from the construction site.
Approved drawings shall consist of a set of plans and profiles
prepared by the owner's engineer and submitted to the Engineer for
review and approval as to conformity to the basic municipal water
supply system plan and the specifications. The Engineer's approval
shall be affixed to the drawings, and a copy of such approved drawings
shall be on the construction site at all times. No deviation shall
be made from the line and grade shown on the approved drawings, except
by written authorization of the Engineer.
The owner's engineer shall provide the Engineer with a revised
set of permanent reproducible drawings showing the as-built location,
sizes and elevations of water lines, valves, hydrants, building connections,
water main and service terminations and easements, together with such
legal descriptions as are required for proper recording or such easements.
All water mains shall be no smaller than eight inches in diameter.
Written requests for exceptions shall be submitted to the Engineer
for approval. The Engineer may require the installation of water mains
of greater size than eight inches in diameter if, in his judgment,
service conditions so require.
A.
Ductile iron pipe.
(1)
Type and class of pipe. All ductile iron pipe shall meet the requirements
of the specifications tabulated below and shall be in accord with
the pressure and thickness classifications tabulated:
|
Material Specifications
| ||
|---|---|---|
|
ANSI A21.4-1971
|
AWWA C104-71
| |
|
ANSI A21.10-1971
|
AWWA C110-71
| |
|
ANSI A21.51-1971
|
AWWA C151-71
|
(2)
Joints.
(a)
Mechanical joints shall meet the requirements of ANSI Specifications
A21.11-1972 (AWWA C110-72) and shall have the same pressure rating
as the pipe of which it is a part. Assembly of mechanical joint fittings
shall be completed with a torque wrench. Torque to be applied to each
bolt shall be between 60 pounds and 90 pounds. After all pipe and
fitting joints have been completed, there shall be inserted in each
joint two bronze wedges as furnished by the pipe manufacturer. They
shall be firmly driven between the outside surface of the pipe and
the inside surface of the socket. The wedges shall be placed 180°
apart on the horizontal axis.
(b)
Except as necessary to connect into existing pipe, rubber ring-type
gaskets shall be used with bell and spigot pipe, mechanical joints
or push-on joints, which gaskets shall be equal to Fastite, as made
by the American Cast-Iron Pipe Company, or Tyton, as made by the United
States Cast-Iron Pipe Company.
(3)
Fittings. All bell and spigot ductile iron fittings and mechanical
joint ductile iron pipe fittings shall meet the specification of ANSI
A21.10-1971.
(4)
Coating and lining. All ductile iron pipe and fittings shall be coal
tar pitch coated on the outside and cement lined on the inside, in
conformance with ANSI A21.4-1971 (AWWA C104-71) Specification. Coating
and lining shall be accomplished at the point of manufacture.
B.
Marking of ductile iron pipe and fittings.
(1)
Each length of pipe and each random and short length of pipe shall
be marked with the manufacturer's name, trade, nominal size, class,
hydrostatic test pressure, a "T" to signify it was tested and the
date of manufacture.
(2)
Each coupling shall be marked by the manufacturer with the manufacturer's
identification, the size, the year of manufacture and the class of
pipe with which it can be used.
A.
Excavation.
(1)
Trench width. The trench width may vary with and depend upon the
depth of the trench and the nature of the excavated material encountered,
but in any case shall be of ample width to permit the pipe to be laid
and jointed properly and the backfill to be placed and compacted properly.
(2)
Sheeting and bracing. Sheeting and bracing shall be used as required
or ordered by the Engineer to support the sides of trenches or other
excavation. Such sheeting and bracing shall be removed as the trench
or excavation is backfilled, unless the Engineer shall order the same
left in place.
(3)
Selected backfill. All backfill under, around and to a depth of one
foot over the top of all pipes and valves shall be made with a selected
material thoroughly tamped. The material to be used for selected backfill
embedment shall be a natural run-of-bank material graded from fine
to coarse, not lumpy or frozen and free from slag, cinders, ashes,
rubbish or other deleterious or objectionable material. It shall not
contain a total of more than 5% by weight of loam and clay containing
no stones larger than two inches in size and subject to approval by
the Engineer. Limestone screenings, sand, bank-run gravel and approved
excavated material may be utilized with the approval of the Engineer.
(4)
Earth backfill.
(a)
Only after the backfill previously mentioned has been satisfactorily
compacted may work proceed in placing the remaining backfill which
must be carefully placed and compacted by tamping, puddling or rolling.
All precautions must be taken to eliminate future settlement. Where
pavements, driveways curbing and sidewalks are to be placed or are
to be replaced, all backfill placed over the pipe shall be compacted
with the use of approved vibratory or flat-faced mechanical tampers
in layers not more than 12 inches thick, loose measurements, to a
density satisfactory to the Engineer or his authorized representative.
(b)
Backfilling shall not be done in freezing weather, except by
permission of the Engineer, and it shall not be made with frozen material,
nor shall any fill be made where the material already in the ditch
is frozen.
(c)
All backfill above a plane one foot above the top of all pipes
may be made with material excavated from the trenches, provided that
the same is satisfactory to the Engineer. If, in the opinion of the
Engineer, the material excavated is unsatisfactory, other material
suitable for backfill shall be used. All backfill shall be free from
slag, cinders, rubbish and other objectionable material.
B.
Installation.
(1)
Pipelaying.
(a)
Pipe, couplings and fittings shall be handled and installed
in accordance with the recommendations of the pipe manufacturer. Proper
and suitable tools and appliances for the safe and convenient handling
and laying of the pipes and fittings shall be used. Under no circumstances
shall pipe or accessories be dropped or dumped into the trench or
bumped while handling. Great care shall be taken to prevent the pipe
coating from being damaged, particularly on the inside of the pipes
and fittings, and any such damage shall require replacement of the
item in question. All pipes and fittings shall be carefully examined
for defects just before laying, and no pipe or fitting shall be laid
which is known to be defective. Pipes shall be laid only in properly
prepared trenches and on compacted sand cradle, true to line and grade
and with no dips or rises, except as required by the design.
(b)
All pipes and fittings shall be thoroughly cleaned before they
are laid, shall be kept clean until they are used in the completed
work and, when laid, shall conform to the lines and grades of the
design. Open ends of pipe shall be kept plugged with a bulkhead during
construction.
(c)
Pipe laid in trench shall be laid to a firm and even bearing
in material for its full length. No pipe shall be laid in wet trench
conditions which preclude proper bedding, as specified, or on a frozen
trench bottom or when, in the opinion of the Engineer, the trench
conditions or weather are unsuitable for proper installation.
(d)
It Is the intention of these specifications to secure first-class
workmanship in the placing of pipe and accessories.
(2)
Nonstandard deflections. Wherever changes in line and grades of the
main are not standard fitting deflections, combinations of standard
ductile iron fittings and small deflections in the adjoining lengths
of pipe will be permitted, subject to the following limitations:
(3)
Trench width. The minimum width of unsheeted trench shall be at least
18 inches larger than the outside diameter of the pipe, except by
consent of the Engineer; the maximum clear width of trench shall be
not more than two feet greater than the outside pipe diameter. When
sheeting and bracing is used, the trench width shall be increased
accordingly.
(4)
Pipe cover. Minimum cover over the top of water mains shall be five
feet measured from the established grade of street. Cover in excess
of five feet shall be approved by the Engineer.
(5)
Bedding.
(a)
The trench bottom, when unsatisfactory, shall be excavated at least six inches below the bottom of the pipe and bottom brought back to grade by thoroughly compacting selected backfill which meets the requirements of Subsection A(4).
(b)
When the uncovered trench bottom at subgrade is soft and, in
the opinion of the Engineer, cannot support the pipe, a further depth
and/or width shall be excavated and refilled to pipe foundation grade
with slag, stone or other approved material to secure a firm foundation
for the pipe.
(c)
Ledge rock, boulders, large stones and shale shall be removed
to provide a clearance of at least six inches below all parts of the
pipe, valves or fittings, and a clear width of nine inches on each
side of all pipe shall be provided.
(d)
Bell holes of ample dimensions shall be dug at each joint to
permit the jointing to be made properly. Adequate clearance for properly
jointing pipe laid in rock shall be provided at bell holes.
(6)
Blocking and anchorages. Concrete reaction or thrust blocking shall
be provided for all valves, hydrants, bends, dead ends and wherever
else needed as may be determined by the Engineer.
(7)
Operating valves. The operation of all gate valves on existing mains
for making connections, tests or for any other cause shall be done
by the district, and sufficient notice shall be given to the district
by the contractor so that the work may be done with a minimum of inconvenience
to the public and delay to the contractor.
(8)
Main taps. All taps to the main line are to be made by the district
under the direct supervision of the District Water Superintendent
or his representative.
(9)
Plastic markers. The contractor shall place polyethylene runners
to facilitate later location of the pipe line, approximately 12 inches
wide, a minimum of one foot above the crown of the pipe throughout
the project. For water lines, the plastic will be translucent.
A.
Testing.
(1)
After the pipe is laid and after partial backfilling, the entire
length of the water main shall be tested under static pressure of
150 pounds per square inch. The section of pipe to be tested shall
be filled with water for a minimum period of 24 hours and when subjected
to the test.
(2)
Tests shall be under the direction of the Engineer or his designated
representative. The contractor shall furnish a pressure gauge for
measuring the pressure on the water main and shall also furnish a
suitable pump, pipes and all appliances, labor, fuel and other appurtenances
necessary to make these tests. The test pressure shall be maintained
for a sufficient length of time to allow for a thorough examination
of leakage where necessary.
(3)
If any breaks or leaks develop or are discovered during the test,
the contractor shall repair the main at his own expense. No line will
be accepted until it has successfully passed the pressure and leakage
tests to the satisfaction of the Engineer.
B.
Disinfecting mains.
(1)
Water mains shall be disinfected to the satisfaction of the Engineer
and the Dutchess County Department of Health in accordance with AWWA
C601-68 (excepting Section 7.3) prior to being placed into service.
Disinfected water must lay in mains for a minimum of 24 hours before
being thoroughly flushed for usage.
(2)
The contractor shall furnish the necessary labor, equipment and material
required for such chlorination. The contractor shall furnish the necessary
labor for excavating and backfilling which will be required for the
chlorination work. Bacteriological examination of water samples, collected
after disinfection, shall be made by the Health Department. If the
test results show that the water is unfit for consumption, the disinfection
process shall continue (at the contractor's expense) until a potable
sample is achieved.
(3)
Following chlorination, all treated water shall be thoroughly flushed
from the newly laid pipe at its extremities until the replacement
water throughout its length shall, upon test, both chemically and
bacteriologically, be proven equal to the water quality served the
public from the existing water supply system.
A.
Gate valves.
(1)
All gate valves shall conform to the AWWA Specifications for Water
Valves, Designated C500-71, except as herein modified. Gate valves
three inches and larger in size shall be equal to Darling AWWA Gate
Valves, as manufactured by the Darling Valve and Manufacturing Company
of Williamsport, Pennsylvania, or the Rensselaer List 13A Gate Valves,
as manufactured by the Rensselaer Valve Company, Troy, New York.
(2)
All gate valves three inches and larger in size shall be of the iron-body,
bronze-mounted, double-disc, parallel seat type, with nonrising bronze
stem, shall open by turning to the left and shall be operated by nut
or handwheel. All valves (gate) shall be of the same size as the water
main in which they are to be installed.
B.
Tapping sleeves and valves.
(1)
Tapping sleeves and valves shall be used for all connections six
inches and larger in size to any existing main where 10 or more domestic
services would be shut off if a tee or other connection were to be
made.
(2)
The tapping sleeves shall be properly sized to fit the existing mains
to which connections are to be made.
(3)
The sleeves shall be of the bolted type, or rugged ductile iron construction
of ample strength for the service intended, and shall be caulked with
lead the full length of the sleeve after attachment to the existing
main. The existing pipe shall be thoroughly cleaned prior to installation
of the tapping sleeve.
(4)
Tapping valves shall be not less than one size smaller than the diameter
of the existing main to which connection is to be made, unless otherwise
permitted by the Engineer.
(5)
The tapping valves shall meet AWWA Specifications for gate valves,
except that oversized seat rings shall be provided to permit the use
of full sized cutters through the face and drilled to ANSI one-hundred-twenty-five-pound
standards. The valves shall be nut operated and shall open by turning
to the left. Tapping valves shall be installed and open vertically.
C.
Valve boxes and covers. Valve boxes and covers shall be installed
over each vertically set, buried valve and elsewhere, as directed.
Valve boxes and covers shall be of the adjustable type and shall be
equal to Standard Valve Box No. F-2450, of the required length, as
manufactured by the Clow Company. Valve box covers shall be of the
"stay-put" type (Clow F-2494) with the word "water" cast thereon in
raised block capital letters. Base size and extension piece length
shall be as required for each individual size and depth of bury.
D.
Corporation stops. A corporation stop shall be installed at each
service connection. Corporation stops shall be as manufactured by
the Mueller Company and equal to Grinnell Figure F-1003, with Mueller
inlet thread and IP outlet thread one size larger than the body.
The location and number of hydrants shall be approved by the
Engineer.
A.
Size and type.
(1)
All hydrants shall be six inches in size with six-inch mechanical
joint inlet connection and shall be equal to Mueller Improved Hydrant
No. A24012, as manufactured by the Mueller Company.
(2)
Each hydrant shall have the name of the maker and the year when made
and size of main valve opening cast upon it in raised letters. Only
Clow No. 2500 shall be acceptable.
(3)
Unless otherwise directed by the Engineer, each hydrant shall be
fitted with one 4 1/2 inch National Standard thread steamer nozzle
and two 2 1/2 inch National Standard thread hose nozzles.
(4)
The main valve shall open by turning in a counterclockwise direction
and shall open against the pressure. This valve shall be faced with
rubber which shall seat against an accurately machined bronzed seat.
(5)
The top cap of the hydrant shall be provided with a waste or a drip
to prevent the cap from filling with water.
(6)
The hydrants shall be provided with automatically operated drainage
valves to permit drainage of the hydrant when the main valve is in
a closed position.
(7)
The head of the revolving nut or operating nut and nozzle cap nuts
shall be of the exact dimensions of those in use in the district.
(8)
The nozzle caps shall be secured to hydrants by means of galvanized
or cadmium-plated steel chain of not less than 1/8 inch diameter links.
(9)
The hydrant bottom, connecting pipe, head, packing dome, date, nozzle
cap and umbrella operating nub shall be made of cast iron.
(10)
All bolts and nuts shall be of the best quality of rustproof
wrought iron or steel. The heads, nuts and threads shall be of standard
size. All joints shall be faced true and smooth so as to make a perfectly
watertight joint.
(11)
All castings, whether of iron or bronze, shall be of uniform
thickness in their several parts and shall be sound and smooth, without
cold-shuts, sand holes or other defects of any description. All materials
shall conform to those as required by AWWA Specifications C502-64.
B.
Cleaning and painting.
(1)
All iron parts of the hydrant, inside and outside, shall be thoroughly
cleaned, and thereafter all surfaces inside and outside, except the
exterior portion above ground line, shall be shop painted with two
coats of asphalt varnish conforming to the requirements of Federal
Specification No. TI-V-51A or Army-Navy Specification No. JAN-P-450.
The first coat shall be allowed to dry thoroughly before the second
coat is applied.
(2)
The outside of the hydrant above the finished ground line shall be
thoroughly cleaned and thereafter painted in the shop with two coats
of paint of a durable and weatherproof composition conforming to Federal
Specification No. TT-P-86A (Type IV). The color or colors of finish
paint above the ground line shall be as required by the district.
C.
Hydrostatic test.
(1)
After completion of fabrication, each hydrant shall be tested at
the shop by hydraulic pressure, as follows:
(a)
A pressure of 300 pounds per square inch shall be applied to
the body of the hydrant before the protection case is put on.
(b)
After the hydrant is assembled complete, with a test elbow,
a pressure of 300 pounds per square inch shall be applied below the
compression valve and 200 pounds per square inch above the valve.
(2)
Any hydrant showing a sweating of the metal under any of these tests
or leaking at the valve or stuffing boxes or showing any other defects
shall be rejected.
D.
Hydrant connection. The connection from the water main to the hydrant
shall be six-inch diameter ductile iron and shall be provided with
a six-inch gate valve and adjustable valve box and cover.
E.
Installation. Hydrants shall be set plumb on a poured concrete base
six inches thick, extending across the full width of the trench and
affording buttress support against the end wall of the trench. Weep
hole drainage shall be provided by means of one trench with one cubic
foot of coarse gravel or crushed stone mixed with coarse sand. Hydrant
installation shall conform, in all respects, with AWWA Standard C600-64,
Sections 11 and 12.
A.
Inspection and tests. All material and workmanship shall be subject
to inspection, examination and test by the Engineer or authorized
district representative. The contractor shall submit manufacturer's
certifications, standards, fabrications and working drawings as required.
Requests for changes in types of materials and specifications must
be submitted to the Engineer, in writing.
B.
Final inspection and acceptance of the facilities by the district
one year after completion of construction. During the probationary
period of one year, the contractor is to remedy, at his expense, all
defects in the work as may become evident or as may be required by
the District Engineer.
The following installation detail diagrams are located at the
end of this chapter.
