A. 
Terms that are not defined herein shall be interpreted as defined in the most recent edition of the Glossary - Water and Wastewater Control Engineering, published by the Water Pollution Control Federation (WPCF) (now called the Water Environment Federation) (WEF), Washington, D.C.
B. 
Throughout this chapter, "shall" is mandatory, and "may" is permissive.
C. 
Unless the content specifically indicates otherwise, the meaning of the terms used in this chapter shall be as follows:
AIR GAP SEPARATION
The method of preventing backflow through the use of an unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere between the lowest opening from any pipe or faucet supplying water to a tank, plumbing fixture or other device and the flood rim of the receptacle.
APPLICANT
Any property owner or duly authorized owner's agent applying for water service, or for a water main extension, alteration, replacement, or relocation.
APPROVED
Accepted by the reviewing authority as meeting an applicable specification stated or cited in this regulation or as suitable for the proposed use.
APPROVED BACKFLOW PREVENTION DEVICE OR DEVICES
A method to prevent backflow approved by MADEP for use in Massachusetts.
ATMOSPHERIC VACUUM BREAKER
An approved backflow device used to prevent back siphonage which is not designed for use under static line pressure and is approved by MADEP.
AUTOMATED METER READING DEVICE
A device(s) used for reading a water meter without having to enter a premises.
AUXILIARY WATER SUPPLY
Any water supply of unknown or questionable quality on or available to the premises other than the supplier's approved public potable water supply.
BACK PRESSURE
Pressure created by mechanical means or other means which causes water or other liquids or substances to flow or move in a direction opposite to that which is intended.
BACK SIPHONAGE
A form of backflow due to reduced or subatmospheric pressure within a water system.
BACKFLOW
The flow of water or other fluids, mixtures or substances into the distribution pipes of a potable supply of water from any source or sources other than its intended source of potable water.
BACKFLOW PREVENTER WITH INTERMEDIATE ATMOSPHERIC VENT
A device approved by MADEP having two independently operating check valves separated by an intermediate chamber with a means for automatically venting it to the atmosphere, in which the check valves are force loaded to a normally closed position and the venting means is force loaded to a normally open position.
BACKFLOW PREVENTION DEVICE
An approved mechanical device designed to prevent backflow; as approved by MADEP.
BAROMETRIC LOOP
A loop of pipe rising at least 35 feet, at its topmost point, above the highest fixture it supplies.
BETTERMENT
The advantage accruing to a property which for the first time may be connected to the City drinking water system due to the construction of the extension of the system.
BUILDING
Any structure used for human occupancy, employment, recreation or other purposes.
CITY
The City of Chicopee, Massachusetts.
COMBINED SERVICE
A service pipe that is used to provide both water service and private fire protection service.
COMMISSION
The Chicopee Water and Sewer Commission.
COMMISSION-BONDED CONTRACTOR
A contractor having the appropriate bonding, insurance and drain layer's license necessary to perform work on the City's water distribution system and/or connections to the City's water distribution system.
CONDOMINIUM
An independently owned unit of a residential or commercial building.
CONSUMPTION
The amount of water used, as measured by a meter or as estimated by the Commission in accordance with its Billing, Termination and Appeal Regulations.
CONTAMINANT
Any physical, chemical, biological or radiological substance or matter in the drinking water or distribution system, treatment facility, or storage tank.
CROSS-CONNECTION
Any actual or potential connection between a distribution pipe of potable water supplied by the public water system and any waste pipe, soil pipe, sewer, drain or any other unapproved source including private water lines. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the term "cross-connection" shall also include any bypass arrangement, jumper connection, removal section, swivel or changeover connection and any other temporary or permanent connection through which backflow can or may occur.
CROSS-CONNECTION VIOLATION FORM
A violation form designated by the Department, which is sent to the owner by the water supplier with copies sent to the MADEP, plumbing inspectors and Board of Health delineating cross-connection violations found on the owner's premises and a procedure for corrective action.
CUSTOMER
The legal title holder of the property responsible for payment of bills for charges for water and sewer service to a property, whether or not the premises are occupied by the customer or the customer's authorized representative.
DECORATIVE FOUNTAIN
An indoor or outdoor fountain that is designed and constructed for aesthetic purposes and is not intended for human contact, recreation or for providing drinking water.
DESIGN CRITERIA
Standards for design used by the Superintendent for construction and rehabilitation of public water mains, water service pipes and fire pipes.
DISCONTINUANCE
A temporary cessation of water service at the premises at the request of an owner or customer for reasons other than ordinary repair or maintenance.
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
System of engineered hydrologic and hydraulic components which provide drinking water supply.
DOUBLE CHECK VALVE ASSEMBLY
A backflow prevention device which incorporates an assembly of check valves, with shutoff valves at each end and appurtenances for testing approved by MADEP.
EASEMENT
An acquired legal right for the specific use of land owned and maintained by others, whether recorded or by prescription.
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY or EPA
The United States Environmental Protection Agency.
FIRE FLOW TEST
The measurement of flow from a hydrant performed by the Superintendent in accordance with generally accepted engineering practices.
FIRE PROTECTION/SUPPRESSION SYSTEM SUPPLY LINE
The private water piping, control valve and appurtenances installed solely to furnish water for extinguishing fires (also referred to as a "fire pipe" in this chapter).
GENERAL SERVICE APPLICATION
The form provided by the Superintendent and completed by the property owner or by an agent authorized by the owner and submitted to the Superintendent prior to construction, reconstruction, repair or modification of a water service pipe or a fire pipe from a public water main. A completed general service application includes verification that the premises address listed therein is correct.
HYDRANT
A device connected to a public water main for the purpose of extinguishing fires or other authorized purpose.
HYDRANT PERMIT
A written permit granted by the Superintendent for the temporary use of a City-owned hydrant or a private hydrant that is not master metered.
IN-PLANT PROTECTION
The location of approved backflow prevention devices in a manner which provides simultaneous protection of the public water system and the potable water system within the premises.
LET ON
The opening of a control valve to initiate or restore water service.
LICENSED DRAIN LAYER
A person authorized in writing by the Superintendent to install, maintain and repair water mains and water services within the City of Chicopee. (A licensed drain layer is also authorized to install, maintain and repair sanitary sewers, combined sewers, storm drains, building sewers and building storm drains.)
LUTO
An acronym for leak up to owner, shall mean a leak in the owner's portion of a water service pipe, a leak on a fire pipe or a combined service.
LUTO NOTICE
The Superintendent's written notification to an owner or customer that a leak exists in the water service pipe on the owner's property, and that the owner is responsible for repairing the leak.
MADEP
The Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection.
MASTER METER
A water meter used for billing purposes serving a building or group of buildings that may or may not be separately metered.
METER
An instrument or device, including any appurtenances thereto, for measuring the flow of water.
METER PIT
An underground vault enclosing a meter.
OWNER
A person who alone or jointly or severally with others has the legal title to any premises or has care, charge, custody or control of any premises as agent, executor, administrator, trustee, lessee or guardian of the estate of the holder of legal title.
PERMIT
A document issued by the Department.
PERSON
Any agency of the federal government, the City of Chicopee, any agency or political subdivision of the commonwealth, any state, public or private corporation or authority, individual, firm, joint-stock company, partnership, association, or other entity, or any group thereof, and any officer, employee, or agent of such person, and any group of persons.
PLUMBER
A person licensed as a plumber by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts.
POINT-OF-ENTRY TREATMENT DEVICE
A device installed to treat water entering any building or portion of such building for the purpose of reducing contaminants in the water distributed through that building or portion of such building.
POTABLE WATER
Water fit for human consumption in conformance with the regulations of the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection.
PREMISES/PROPERTY
A parcel of real estate or portion thereof, including any improvements thereon, which is determined by the Superintendent to be a user for purposes of receiving, using and paying for water service.
PRESCRIPTIVE RIGHTS
Right or privilege or other easement form of way upon or over land of another when use is continued for 20 years.
PRESSURE VACUUM BREAKER
An approved backflow prevention device designed to prevent only back siphonage and which is designed for use under static line pressure and which has necessary appurtenances for testing, and is approved by MADEP.
PRIVATE FIRE PROTECTION
Private water mains, fire pipes and other appurtenances installed for the purpose of fire protection/suppression at a particular premises.
PRIVATE HYDRANT
A hydrant installed by an owner for the purpose of private fire protection/suppression at a particular premises.
PRIVATE WATER MAIN
A water main that is not owned by the City or another city or town.
PUBLIC FIRE PROTECTION
The public water mains, hydrants and appurtenances installed for the purpose of fire protection in a public way, City-owned easement, whether recorded or by prescription, or private way open to public travel.
PUBLIC WATER MAIN
The piping and associated valves, hydrants and appurtenances owned by the City, or another city or town, installed in a public way, publicly owned easements, whether recorded or by prescription, or private way open to public travel, for the purpose of supplying water to one or more customers or for public fire protection.
PUBLIC WATER SYSTEM
A system for the provision to the public of piped water for human consumption. The City is a public water system.
RECREATIONAL SPRAY OR SPRINKLER POOL
An indoor or outdoor spray or sprinkler pool that is designed and constructed for the purpose of human contact recreation.
REDUCED-PRESSURE BACKFLOW PREVENTER
An approved backflow prevention device incorporating two or more check valves, an automatically operating differential relief valve located between the two checks, two shutoff valves and necessary appurtenances for testing.
RELEASE AGREEMENT
A form prescribed by the Commission that transfers ownership of water facilities to the City and/or grants to the Commission an easement with respect to such facilities. The form shall be duly completed, accepted and signed by the City and filed with the Hampden County Registry of Deeds.
REQUIREMENTS FOR SITE PLANS
The document that describes the information that must be included in site plans submitted to the Superintendent. A site plan is required by the Commission for review and approval by the Superintendent of a proposed connection or reconstruction, repair or modification of a water service pipe or fire pipe which connects to the City's water distribution system. (The document also includes requirements for connections to the City's sanitary and combined sewers and storm drain systems.)
RESIDENTIAL DUAL CHECK
An assembly of two spring-loaded, independently operating check valves without tightly closing shutoff valves and test cocks. Generally employed immediately downstream of the water meter to act as a containment device.
RESIDENTIAL METER
A meter two inches in size or smaller used to measure the flow of water to a predominantly residential property.
REVIEWING AUTHORITY
The Department, its designee or the local plumbing inspector, authorized by MGL c. 142 and licensed by the Board of State Examiners of Plumbers and Gas Fitters, whichever is responsible for the review and approval of the installation of an approved backflow prevention device.
SHUT OFF
The closing of a control valve to temporarily stop water service or to terminate water service.
SUPERINTENDENT
The person designated by the City of Chicopee to supervise the Department of Public Works and who is charged with certain duties and responsibilities by this chapter, or his duly authorized representative.
TERMINATION
The cessation of water service pursuant to the Commission's Billing, Termination and Appeal Regulations or for a violation of this chapter.
TERMINATION VERIFICATION APPROVAL APPLICATION
The form completed and submitted to the Superintendent by the owner or by the owner's agent prior to demolition of any building having water, sewer or storm drainage connections to the City's water distribution or sewer or storm drainage systems. A copy of the completed form approved by the Superintendent must be submitted to the Chicopee Building Department before that Department may approve demolition.
USER
Any person who obtains water service from a public water main or a private water main supplied from a public water main.
WATER SERVICE
The readiness to supply or actual supplying of water to premises in which a water service pipe or fire pipe has been installed. Water service may also mean a water service pipe.
WATER SERVICE PIPE
The connection, piping and associated valves and appurtenances that extend from a public water main to a building or property for the purpose of supplying water, other than for fire protection/suppression systems.
WELL
Any dug, driven or drilled hole, with a depth greater than its largest surface diameter, developed to supply water intended and/or used for human consumption, irrigation, or industry and not subject to regulation by 310 CMR 22.00.