City of Fenton, MO Off-Street Parking And Loading

[R.O. 2009 § 496.010; Ord. No. 4034, 5-28-2020[1]]

The regulations contained in this Article shall govern the size, number, location, and design of all Off-Street Parking Areas in the City as required for each land use, activity, Building, or Structure permitted by this Code.

[1]

Editor's Note: Former Article I, Off-Street Parking and Loading Requirements, comprised of Sections 496.010 through 496.200, was repealed 5-28-2020 by Ord. No. 4034.

Section 430.020 General Requirements For Off-Street Parking Areas.

[R.O. 2009 § 496.020; Ord. No. 4034, 5-28-2020]

No Off-Street Parking Space required under this Article shall be used for any other purpose.

No Off-Street Parking Area shall project beyond any required Buffer Area or Setback, except as otherwise provided for in the specific regulations of that Zoning District.

Driveways leading to an Off-Street Parking Area shall not be used for parking.

All required Off-Street Parking Areas shall be provided on the same Lot as the use to be served, except as follows:

Alternate Off-Street Parking provisions specified in the regulations of that Zoning District.

Shared Off-Street Parking Areas for two (2) or more uses may be provided wherein said Parking Areas are less than three hundred (300) feet from the Property to be served. The total required Off-Street Parking Spaces for all uses participating in an approved shared Off-Street Parking Area shall not be less than the sum of the Off-Street Parking Spaces required for each use individually. All requests for shared Off-Street Parking Area approval shall be submitted to the Community Development Department and accompanied by a report with data and information setting forth justification for such request, including signed agreements from all participants.

Section 430.030 Minimum Off-Street Parking Space Dimensions.

[R.O. 2009 § 496.030; Ord. No. 4034, 5-28-2020]

The regulations of this Section shall govern the dimensions of the Off-Street Parking Spaces in all Zoning Districts.

The requirements for Off-Street Parking Spaces shall meet the minimum dimensions in the following table:

A	B	C	D	E	F	G
45°	9.0	19.7	12.5	12.7	51.9	45.6
60°	9.0	21.0	17.5	10.5	59.5	55.0
90°	9.0	19.0	22.0	9.0	60.0

A	Parking Space angle (degrees).
B	Parking Space width (feet).
C	Minimum Space length to curb (feet).
D*	Drive Aisle width (feet).
E	Curb length per car (feet).
F	Curb to curb (feet).
G	Center-to-center width of double row with Drive Aisle between (feet).
*	Additional width may be required where the Drive Aisle serves as the principal means of access to on-site Buildings or Structures.

In the event that the desired Off-Street Parking Space angle is not specified by the above table, the Director may specify other equivalent dimensions associated with the desired parking angle by interpolating from dimensions listed in the table.

A dimension of eight and one-half (8 1/2) feet by eighteen (18) feet may be permitted for Off-Street Parking Spaces provided in excess of the minimum requirements as set forth in this Article when designated for compact car use.

On-site parallel Off-Street Parking Spaces shall be nine (9) feet by twenty-two (22) feet adjacent to a twenty-two-foot two-way lane or a fifteen-foot one-way Drive Aisle.

Curbed islands are required at the ends of Drive Aisles where necessary, as reasonably determined by the Director, for traffic control or drainage.

The Director may approve the use of continuous curbs as wheel stops and thus measure the size of Off-Street Parking Spaces to be two (2) feet less in length than otherwise required. In such instances, the Off-Street Parking Space design shall allow for the vehicle to overhang the curb by two (2) feet and such overhang area must be clear of all obstructions, signs, and trees and may not encroach the required Buffer Area or Setback.

Section 430.040 Procedure.

[R.O. 2009 § 496.040; Ord. No. 4034, 5-28-2020]

When a use is expanded or changed, Off-Street Parking Spaces and Loading Spaces shall be provided in accordance with the regulations set forth in this Article for the area or capacity of such expansion or change in combination with the previously existing use.

Every application for a new, enlarged, or remodeled Building, Structure, or use shall include a Site Plan, in compliance with Chapter 435, Article II, and drawn to scale and fully dimensioned, showing the Off-Street Parking Area, including all Off-Street Parking or Loading Spaces.

A Land Disturbance Permit is required for grading and stormwater runoff for construction of any new, enlarged, or remodeled Off-Street Parking Areas. The application shall be accompanied by a Site Plan in compliance with Chapter 435, Article II, to be reviewed and approved, if appropriate, by the Director.

Any deviation from the approved Site Plan shall constitute a violation of this Code.

Section 430.050 Modified Parking Demand.

[R.O. 2009 § 496.050; Ord. No. 4034, 5-28-2020]

When any Building or Structure undergoes a change of use or any increase in Gross Floor Area or seating capacity, Off-Street Parking and/or Loading Spaces shall be increased to equal or exceed the required Off-Street Parking or Loading Space requirements of this Chapter. An Occupancy Permit shall not be issued until provision is made for the increased amount of required Off Street Parking and/or Loading Spaces.

If a Building is being constructed as a shell for a future office/warehouse use, the number of required Off-Street Parking Spaces shall be calculated based on a minimum of twenty-five percent (25%) of the Building being utilized for an office use and the remainder of the Building being utilized for warehouse use.

When a Building or Structure undergoes a decrease in Gross Floor Area due to interior space re-allotment or design, a decrease in seating capacity, a permanent decrease in number of employees, or other unit of measurement, the available Off-Street Parking and Loading Spaces may be reduced accordingly. Remaining Off-Street Parking Spaces or Loading Spaces must at least equal or exceed the Off-Street Parking or Loading Space requirements of the entire Building, activity, or Structure as modified.

Section 430.060 Driveway Regulations.

[R.O. 2009 § 496.060; Ord. No. 4034, 5-28-2020]

See Chapter 430, Article II, for Driveway regulations.

Section 430.070 Ingress And Egress.

[R.O. 2009 § 496.070; Ord. No. 4034, 5-28-2020]

In no event shall any Off-Street Parking Areas, be designed in a manner requiring the backing out of vehicles into public Streets, except for Detached or Attached Single-Family Dwellings.

Section 430.080 Design And Maintenance Of Off-Street Parking Areas.

[R.O. 2009 § 496.080; Ord. No. 4034, 5-28-2020]

Except as otherwise provided for in this Article for Off-Street Loading Spaces, all Off-Street Parking Areas shall be a minimum of four (4) inches Asphalt with not less than seven (7) inches crushed rock base or not less than six (6) inches concrete with four (4) inches crushed rock base.

Alternate paving surfaces may be considered for approval under Site Plan Review when such surface is an integral design element of the Property and deemed consistent with sound planning and construction standards

All Off-Street Parking Areas shall be designed to meet the ADA (American with Disabilities Act).

Internal Drive Aisles, pedestrian walks, open spaces, and Off-Street Parking and/or Loading Spaces shall be designed as integral parts of an overall Off-Street Parking Area design to achieve an adequate, safe, and convenient arrangement for pedestrian and traffic circulation.

Landscaped, paved, and comfortably graded pedestrian walks shall be provided along the lines of the most intense use, particularly from Building entrances to Streets, parking areas, and adjacent Buildings.

The materials used in the design of paving, light fixtures, Retaining Walls, Fences, curbs, and benches shall be of good appearance, easily maintained, and indicative of their function.

Off-Street Parking Areas shall be designed with adequate stormwater drainage facilities to prevent damage or inconvenience to adjacent Lots, Streets, Sidewalks, and Alleys.

Off-Street Parking Areas shall be kept clear of trash and debris and shall be maintained free of surfaces defects.

All Off-Street Parking and Loading Spaces shall be marked by durable painted lines at least four (4) inches wide and extending the length of the space or by curbs or other means reasonably approved by the Director to indicate individual Parking Spaces. Signs or markers located on the surface within an Off-Street Parking Area shall be used as deemed necessary by the Director to ensure efficient and safe traffic operation of the area.

Section 430.090 Repair, Service Or Sales Use Of Parking Facilities.

[R.O. 2009 § 496.090; Ord. No. 4034, 5-28-2020]

It shall be unlawful for the owner, operator, lessee, or attendant of any Off-Street Parking Area to permit motor vehicle repair work, service, vending, selling, offering for sale, or display of merchandise on the Off-Street Parking Area, unless permitted otherwise in this Code.

Section 430.100 Reduction Of Required Parking Spaces.

[R.O. 2009 § 496.100; Ord. No. 4034, 5-28-2020]

The minimum Off-Street Parking Space requirements may be reduced in all Zoning Districts, except for Detached and Attached Single-Family Dwellings, by approval of a Special Use Permit in compliance with the provisions set forth in Section 410.080 of this Code. With each such Special Use Permit application, the Applicant shall provide a parking study showing justification for a reduction in required Off-Street Parking Spaces and that such reduction will not adversely impact future use of the subject or adjacent properties.

Section 430.110 Lighting.

[R.O. 2009 § 496.110; Ord. No. 4034, 5-28-2020]

Lighting shall be provided to illuminate any Off-Street Parking Area to be used at night. Such lighting shall be maintained, arranged, and installed to deflect, shade, and focus lights away from adjacent Properties. The height, type, spacing, and degree of light standard may be further regulated by the Director in relation to specific site conditions or type of development. Off-Street Parking Area lighting, when provided, shall not exceed a maximum of five (5) footcandles at a distance of fifteen (15) feet from the base of a light standard, shall provide a minimum illumination of any Off-Street Parking Area surface of not less than one-half (1/2) footcandle, and shall not be greater than one (1) footcandle at any Lot Line adjoining a Non-Residential District or Lot with a Non-Residential Use. Illumination beyond the Lot Line of any adjoining Residential District or Lot with a Residential Use shall not exceed one-tenth (0.1) footcandle.

Section 430.115 (Reserved) [1]

[1]

Editor's Note: Former Section 430.115, Electric Vehicle Charging Stations, was repealed 11-21-2022 by Ord. No. 4280. See now Chapter 430, Article XI, Electric Vehicle Charging Stations.

Section 430.120 Off-Street Parking And Loading Space Requirements.

[R.O. 2009 § 496.120; Ord. No. 4034, 5-28-2020]

Minimum Off-Street Parking Space requirements in Subsection (D) do not include Off-Street Parking Areas for the following:

Paved areas used for storage and display of vehicles in conjunction with an approved Automotive Sales and/or Services, Commercial Motor Vehicle Dealers or Commercial Motor Vehicle Repair, or Recreational Vehicle Sales or Construction Equipment Dealer use on the same Lot.

Paved areas used for the storage of Automobiles and Commercial Motor Vehicles used in support of the approved and Permitted Use on the same Lot.

Outdoor Storage Areas related to a use on the same Lot.

When the determination of the number of required Off-Street Parking Spaces results in a requirement of a fractional space, any fraction of one-half (1/2) space or less should be disregarded and any fraction over one-half (1/2) space shall count as one (1) space.

Off-Street Parking Spaces required on an employee basis shall be based on the number of employees on the maximum shift.

The following uses shall provide Off-Street Parking and Loading Spaces as follows:

[Ord. No. 4293, 1-26-2023]

Use	Minimum Parking Space Requirement	Minimum Loading Space Requirement
Animal Hospital	3 spaces for every doctor, plus 1 space for every employee on the maximum shift	None
Art Dealer or Artisan, Craftsman, and Photography Studio	1 space per 500 square feet of Floor Area	None
ATM Facility	See Chapter 425, Article III, Drive-Through Services
Automotive Collision Shop Commercial Motor Vehicle Repair	1 space for every employee on the maximum shift, plus 3 spaces for every service bay	None
Automotive Convenience Store	1 space for every fuel dispenser, plus 3.5 spaces for every 1,000 square feet of retail Floor Area	None
Automotive Customizing Shop Automotive Service Store	1 space for every employee on the maximum shift, 3 spaces for every service bay, and 3 spaces for every 1,000 square feet of retail sales area	None
Automotive Sales (New and Used) Commercial Motor Vehicle Dealer Recreational Vehicle Sales	3 spaces for every 1,000 square feet of Floor Area of sales and showroom/office area and 3 spaces for every service bay.	Table 1
Automotive Washing Facility	See Chapter 425, Article III, Drive-Through Services	None
Places of Public Assembly, including: Banquet Facility Convention Center Club and Civic Lodge Entertainment Facility or Theater Recreational Facility, Indoor Unlimited (unless otherwise noted herein) Recreational Facility, Indoor Limited (unless otherwise noted herein) Auditorium Gymnasium	1 space for every 4 fixed seats (1 seat equals 2 feet of bench length) or 1 space for every 3 persons based on building occupancy load.	Table 2
Bed and Breakfast Inn	2 spaces, plus 1 space for every rentable bedroom	None
Church	1 space for every 4 seats (1 seat equals 2 feet of bench length) in the main assembly room	None
Financial Institution Retail Store Healing Arts Establishment Liquor Store Dispensary Facility Facility Pet Supply Store Pharmacy Used Merchandise Store Other Commercial, Retail or Service Uses not otherwise listed in this Section	4 spaces for every 1,000 square feet of Floor Area	Table 1
Community Center	10 spaces, plus 1 additional space for each 300 square feet of Floor Area in excess of 2,000 square feet	Table 2
Construction Equipment Dealer	3 spaces for every 1,000 square feet of Floor Area of office, sales or showroom area, plus 2 spaces for every 1,000 square feet of warehouse area or 1 space for each employee on the maximum shift, whichever is greater	Table 1
Day Care Facility	1 space per 5 children, plus 1 space per employee	None
Drive-Through Service	See Chapter 425, Article III	None
Dwelling — Single-Family, Single-Family Attached, Two-Family	2 spaces for each Dwelling Unit shall be provided behind the Front Setback	None
Dwelling — Multi-Family, Condominium, Apartment, Loft	2 spaces for each Dwelling Unit	None
Educational Facility	1 space for every classroom and office and 1 space for every 4 students over 16 years of age, plus required spaces for places of public assembly	None
Emergency Service Facility	1 space for every employee on the maximum shift	None
Fitness Instruction Studio	5 spaces for every 1,000 square feet of Floor Area	None
General Service Contractor	4 spaces for every 1,000 square feet of Floor Area of office and sales area, plus 2 spaces for every 1,000 square feet of warehouse area or 1 space for each employee on the maximum shift, whichever is greater	Table 1
Government Administrative Building	3.5 spaces for every 1,000 square feet of Floor Area	Table 2
Golf Course	10 spaces per each hole	None
Grocery Store, Convenience	3.5 spaces for every 1,000 square feet of Floor Area	Table 1
Grocery Store, General	5 spaces for every 1,000 square feet of Floor Area	Table 1
Health Club	5 spaces for every 1,000 square feet of Floor Area	None
Hotel or Extended Stay Hotel	1 space for every guest room or sleeping unit, plus 2 spaces for every 3 employees on the maximum shift, plus required parking for affiliated uses (Banquet Facility, Restaurants, etc.)	Table 2
Medical Office or Facility	4 spaces for every 1,000 square feet of Floor Area or 4 spaces for every doctor and 1 space for every additional employee, whichever is greater. A minimum of 10 spaces is required for a Medical Facility	Table 2
Museum or Library	10 spaces, plus 1 additional space for each 300 square feet of Floor Area in excess of 2,000 square feet	None
Nursery	2 spaces for every 3 employees on the maximum shift, plus 4 spaces for every 1,000 square feet of sales room area	Table 2
Office, General	3 spaces for every 1,000 square feet of Floor Area	Table 2
Personal and Business Service Shop (unless otherwise herein noted)	4 spaces for every 1,000 square feet of Floor Area or 1 space for every 2 employees, whichever is greater	Table 2
Barber or Beauty Shops	3 spaces for every barber chair	None
Laundromat	1 space for every 2 washing machines	None
Dry Cleaning	3.5 spaces for every 1,000 square feet of Floor Area	Table 2
Pet Grooming Facility	1 space for every 2 employees on the maximum shift, plus 1 space per grooming table	None
Handball, Racquetball, Tennis Courts	2 spaces for every court, plus auditorium seating	None
Soccer, Hockey, Basketball Skating Rink	1 space per 100 square feet of playing area, plus auditorium seating	None
Bowling	4 spaces for every lane. Additional spaces shall be provided for affiliated uses (Restaurant, multi-function room)	None
Recreational Facility, Outdoor Limited (unless otherwise noted herein)	1 space for every 3 persons of the maximum number of persons that may be accommodated at any 1 time	None
Research Center	1 space per every employee on the maximum shift	Table 2
Restaurant or Tavern	1 space for every 3 seats, plus 2 spaces for every 3 employees on the maximum shift. A Restaurant or Tavern which provides an Outdoor Dining area in which the number of seats exceeds 20% of the number of indoor seats shall also provide parking spaces for the Outdoor Dining area at a ratio of 1 parking space per 4 outdoor seats provided	None
Restaurant — Fast Food	1 space for every 2 seats, plus 2 spaces for every 3 employees on the maximum shift, in addition to 1 space for every 3 seats of outdoor seating area	None
Self-Storage Facility	5 spaces for the first 5,000 square feet of storage area, plus 1 space for each additional 5,000 square-foot of storage area	None
Service Center, Repair	1 space for every employee on the maximum shift, 3 spaces for every service bay, plus 3 spaces for every 1,000 feet of retail sales area	None
Truck Terminal	1 space for every employee on the maximum shift
Warehouse
Less than 1,000 square feet	1 space for every 1,000 square feet of warehouse area, plus required parking for affiliated use (i.e. office, retail areas)	None
1,000 square feet to 4,999 square feet	1 space for every 1,000 square feet of warehouse area, plus required parking for affiliated use (i.e. office, retail areas)	Table 2
5,000 square feet to 9,999 square feet	1 space for every 1,000 square feet of warehouse area, plus required parking for affiliated use (i.e. office, retail areas)	Table 1
10,000 square feet or larger	1 space for every 1,000 square feet of warehouse area, plus required parking for affiliated use (i.e. office, retail areas)	Table 1
Industrial (Heavy and Light), Wholesale
Less than 1,000 square feet	2 spaces per every 3 employees on the maximum shift, plus required parking for any affiliated use (i.e. office, retail areas)	None
1,000 square feet to 4,999 square feet	2 spaces per every 3 employees on the maximum shift, plus required parking for any affiliated use (i.e. office, retail areas)	Table 2
5,000 square feet to 9,999 square feet	2 spaces per every 3 employees on the maximum shift, plus required parking for any affiliated use (i.e. office, retail areas)	Table 1
10,000 square feet or larger	2 spaces per every 3 employees on the maximum shift, plus required parking for any affiliated use (i.e. office, retail areas)	Table 1
Warehouse Showroom Sales	1 space for every employee on the maximum shift, and 3 spaces for every 1,000 feet of retail sales area	Table 2
Other uses not specified in this Section	Where no minimum requirement is specified in this Section or where any of the parking requirements may be construed as applicable to the same use, Lot or Building, the final determination of required parking shall be made by the Director by comparing to a similar use.

Section 430.130 Minimum Off-Street Loading Requirements.

[R.O. 2009 § 496.130; Ord. No. 4034, 5-28-2020]

Each Off-Street Loading Space shall connect with an Alley, Driveway, or Street and shall be laid out so that trucks shall be able to maneuver into adjacent loading docks or designated loading areas at the side or rear of the Building served, except that for commercial units of less than five thousand (5,000) square feet, the City may approve a loading zone to accommodate ten-foot by twenty-five-foot loading zone spaces in front of the Building under Site Plan Review.

The Off-Street Loading Spaces shall be provided in accordance with the following tables:

Table 1
Floor Area (square feet)	Minimum Number of 10-foot by 40-foot Loading Spaces
5,000 to 24,000	1
24,001 to 60,000	2
60,001 to 96,000	3
96,001 to 144,000	4
144,001 to 192,000	5
192,001 to 240,000	6
240,001 to 294,000	7
294,001 to 348,000	8
For each additional 54,000	1 additional loading space

Table 2
Floor Area (square feet)	Minimum Number of 10-foot by 25-foot Loading Spaces	Minimum Number of 10-foot by X 40-foot Loading Spaces
2,000 to 10,000	1
10,001 to 25,000	2
25,001 to 100,000	2	1
For each additional 100,000		1 additional loading space

All Off-Street Loading Spaces shall meet the following requirements:

Adequate space shall be provided within the site to accommodate the loading and unloading of trucks, tractors, and trailers. A designated Off-Street Loading Space shall be provided for the location of trash collection or compaction units, in addition to the Off-Street Loading Space requirements provided herein.

The required Off-Street Loading Spaces shall have adequate means of access to a Street, Alley, or Highway in a manner that will least interfere with traffic movement.

The Director may require landscaping, Fencing, or other materials to effectively screen Off-Street Loading Spaces when deemed necessary to reduce visual effect or other detrimental effect on adjacent Properties.

The Off-Street Loading Spaces must be paved with a minimum of nine (9) inches Portland cement concrete or any other material approved by the Director when such alternate paving surface is an integral design element of the Property and deemed consistent with sound planning and construction standards.

Each ten-foot by forty-foot Off-Street Loading Space required by Table 1 or 2 must have seventy-five (75) feet of maneuvering space and shall have a vertical clearance of not less than fourteen (14) feet.

Off-Street Loading Spaces utilized for the location of trash collection shall be screened with a privacy fence or any other material approved by the Director upon a showing that such alternate material provides equivalent or better Screening.

Section 430.140 Accessible Parking Regulations.

[R.O. 2009 § 496.140; Ord. No. 4034, 5-28-2020]

Accessible Off-Street Parking Spaces shall be provided in accordance with the following table:

Accessible Parking Table.

Total Number of Parking Spaces Required	Minimum Number of Accessible Spaces Required
1 to 25	1
26 to 50	2
51 to 75	3
76 to 100	4
101 or more	5 plus 1% of the total number of spaces

One (1) of every eight (8) accessible parking spaces shall be van accessible and shall be designated "lift van accessible only" with Signs that meet the requirements of the Federal Americans with Disabilities Act, as amended, and any rules or regulations established pursuant thereto. Off-Street Parking Areas containing less than eight (8) accessible parking spaces shall provide at least one (1) van accessible parking space.

The accessible parking spaces shall meet the following requirements:

Accessible parking spaces shall be at least ten (10) feet wide with a five-foot access area immediately adjacent thereto. Two (2) accessible parking spaces may share a common access area.

Van accessible parking spaces shall be at least ten (10) feet wide with an eight-foot access area immediately adjacent thereto; two (2) accessible parking spaces may share a common access area.

Accessible parking spaces shall be located on the shortest possible accessible circulation route to an accessible entrance of the Building or Structure.

Each parking space designated for physically disabled persons shall be identified with a Sign, either freestanding or affixed to a wall, bearing the international symbol of accessibility in white on a blue background and may also include appropriate wording such as "Accessible Parking." In addition, such freestanding Sign must read "fifty dollars ($50.00) to three hundred dollars ($300.00) Fine" pursuant to H.B. 389 enacted by the State of Missouri. Non-conforming signs in use prior to August 28, 1997, shall not be in violation of this Section during the useful life of the Sign so long as it is maintained in an appropriate manner as determined by the Director, provided, however, that under no circumstances shall the useful life of the non-conforming Signs or spaces extended by means other than those means used to maintain any Sign or space of the owner's Property which is not used for vehicles displaying a disabled plate.

Height Requirements. Accessible parking spaces shall be identified by a Sign centered within the space. The bottom of the Sign shall not be less than four (4) feet or more than five (5) feet above grade. The sign(s) will utilize the international symbol of access and include the violation fine notice specified in this Section.

Color Requirements.

All required accessible parking spaces shall be marked and maintained with blue space lines on the parking area pavement. Ground painted symbols are not required; however, if provided, shall be of the same blue color as the space marking.

Requirements of this Section shall apply to all new Off-Street Parking Areas and any existing Off-Street Parking Area that is restriped or redesigned.