[HISTORY: Adopted by the Board of Health of the Town of Plainville 12-14-2022. Amendments noted where applicable.]
The Board of Health, Town of Plainville, Massachusetts, acting under the authority of MGL c. 111, §§ 31 and 122, hereby adopts the following rules and regulations in the interest of and for the preservation and protection of public health in the Town of Plainville.
To safeguard the health and welfare of the residents of the Town of Plainville, the Plainville Board of Health (BOH) hereby promulgates this regulation governing the use of all regulated biological agents, as defined herein, within the Town of Plainville.
These rules and regulations shall apply to all institutions involved in or in any way undertaking any and all types of research or manufacturing involving biological agents in the Town of Plainville. The use of Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3) and Biosafety Level 4 (BSL-4) materials as defined herein shall be prohibited in the Town of Plainville.
This regulation shall not be interpreted or construed to permit any biosafety activity where it is otherwise restricted by other applicable federal, state or local laws, regulations, codes or rules.
A. 
Definitions. As used in this regulation, the following terms shall have the meaning indicated:
AFFILIATE
Any corporation or other business entity that directly or indirectly is controlled by, controls, or is under common control with an institution that holds a permit under these regulations.
BIOLOGICAL AGENT
Any microorganism (including, but not limited to, bacteria, viruses, fungi, rickettsia or protozoa) or infectious substance, or any naturally occurring, bioengineered or synthesized component of any such microorganism or infectious substance.
BIOSAFETY LEVEL 1 OR BSL-1
Includes activities, practices, equipment, safety equipment, and facility design and construction that are appropriate for undergraduate and secondary educational training and teaching laboratories, and for other laboratories in which work is done with defined and characterized strains of viable microorganisms not known to consistently cause disease in healthy humans. Biosafety Level 1 represents a basic level of containment that relies on standard microbiological practices with no special primary or secondary barriers recommended, other than a sink for hand washing.
BIOSAFETY LEVEL 2 OR BSL-2
Includes activities, practices, equipment, safety equipment, and facility design and construction that are appropriate for and applicable to clinical, diagnostic, teaching, and other laboratories in which work is done with the broad spectrum of indigenous moderate-risk biological agents that are present in the community and associated with human disease of varying severity. To qualify for this designation, such biological agents shall be, with good microbiological techniques, capable of being used safely in activities conducted on the open bench, provided the potential for producing splashes or aerosolization is low. Hepatitis B virus, HIV, the salmonellae, and Toxoplasma spp. are representative of microorganisms assigned to this containment level. Biosafety Level 2 shall be deemed appropriate when work is done with any human-derived blood, body fluids, tissues, or primary human cell lines where the presence of an infectious agent is unknown. Even though organisms routinely manipulated at Biosafety Level 2 are not known to be transmissible by the aerosol route, procedures with aerosol or high splash potential that may increase the risk of such personal exposure shall be conducted in primary containment equipment or in devices such as a safety centrifuge cup. Other primary barriers shall be used as appropriate, such as splash shields, face protection, gowns, and gloves. Secondary barriers such as hand washing sinks and waste decontamination facilities shall be available to reduce potential environmental contamination.
BIOSAFETY LEVEL 3 or BSL-3 MATERIALS
Biological materials with a potential for respiratory transmission and which may cause serious and potential lethal infection upon exposure but for which there is available vaccines or treatments. Novel (new) influenza viruses and tuberculosis are representative of microorganisms assigned to this containment level. BSL-3 is not permitted in the Town of Plainville.
BIOSAFETY LEVEL 4 or BSL-4 MATERIALS
Biological materials with dangerous and exotic agents of any type that pose a high individual risk of life-threatening disease, which may be transmitted via the aerosol route and for which there is no available vaccine or therapy. BSL-4 is not permitted in the Town of Plainville.
BIOSAFETY PROFESSIONAL
An individual holding documented university education, or who has successfully completed a training program, in biological safety disciplines.
GUIDELINES
(1) 
Unless otherwise specified, are defined as:
(a) 
NIH GUIDELINESNational Institute of Health (NIH) "Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant DNA Molecules," as published in the Federal Registrar of April 27, 2016.
(b) 
BMBLBiosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories 5th Edition 2007.
(2) 
For purposes of these regulations, the NIH Guidelines, when applied to an institution that is subject to the NIH Guidelines solely by reason of these regulations, shall include the modifications to the NIH Guidelines set forth in Section IV-D thereof applicable to persons complying with NIH Guidelines on a voluntary basis. In the event that there is a conflict between the NIH Guidelines and the BMBL, the more restrictive shall control.
INSTITUTIONAL BIOSAFETY COMMITTEE (IBC)
A committee that i) meets the requirements for membership specified in the guidelines and ii) reviews, approves, and oversees projects in accordance with the responsibilities as defined in the guidelines.
MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL LAW
(1) 
Chapter 111, Section 31: "Boards of health may make reasonable health regulations."
(2) 
Chapter 111, Section 122: "The board of health shall examine into all nuisances, sources of filth, and causes of sickness within its town, or on board of vessels within the harbor of such town, which may, in its opinion, be injurious to the public health, shall destroy, remove or prevent the same as the case may require, and shall make regulations for the public health and safety relative thereto and to articles capable of containing or conveying infection or contagion or of creating sickness brought into or conveyed form the town."
REGULATED BIOLOGICAL AGENTS
Any microorganism (including, but not limited to, bacteria, viruses, fungi, rickettsia or protozoa) or infectious substance, or any naturally occurring, bioengineered or synthesized component of any such microorganism or infectious substance that is:
(1) 
Identified as a "Recombinant and Synthetic Nucleic Acid Molecule" in Section I-B (Definition of Recombinant DNA Molecules) of the most recently adopted revision of the NIH Guidelines, as defined under "guidelines"; or
(2) 
Classified as a Risk Group 3 through 4 Agent in the NIH Guidelines or the BMBL (as both are defined herein); or
(3) 
Identified as a "select agent" by the United States Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) or the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA).
SELECT AGENT
Any microbial and toxic agents listed at 42 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 73.3, 42 CFR 73.4, 42 CFR 73.5, 42 CFR 73.6, 7 CFR 331.3 and 9 CFR 121.4, and the rulings made by the CDC and the USDA relative thereto, as such regulations and rulings may be amended from time to time. However, "select agent" shall not include any de minimus amount of agents or toxins which are excluded from 42 CFR 73.00 et seq.
B. 
Acronyms. As used in this regulation, the following acronyms shall have the meanings indicated:
(1) 
BMBL: Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories.
(2) 
BSL: Biosafety Level.
(3) 
BOH: Board of Health.
(4) 
CDC: Center for Disease Control and Prevention.
(5) 
CFR: Code of Federal Regulations.
(6) 
IBC: Institutional Biosafety Committee.
(7) 
NIH: National Institute of Health.
(8) 
rDNA: Recombinant DNA Molecule.
(9) 
DHHS: Department of Health and Human Services.
(10) 
USDA: United States Department of Agriculture.
A. 
The Board of Health and/or its agent shall be responsible for overseeing all activities to which this regulation applies.
B. 
The Board of Health shall:
(1) 
Review and act on all initial and renewal applications for permits under these regulations.
(2) 
Determine the manner in which permit holders make reports or applications to the Board of Health, and the type of information required.
(3) 
Review reports, applications, and recommendations from all IBC meetings and approve where appropriate.
(4) 
Be responsible for revocation of a permit when an institution is not in compliance with these regulations.
A. 
All institutions proposing the use or continuation of use of regulated biological agents at BSL-1 or BSL-2 containment levels must obtain an annual permit from the Plainville Board of Health before commencing any such use. Institutions receiving a permit shall conduct research, manufacturing or other use only as specifically set out in their permit applications. The use of regulated biological agents requiring BSL-3 and BSL-4 materials shall not be permitted in the Town of Plainville.
B. 
Institutions seeking a permit or renewal permit from the Board of Health must submit a completed application form, accompanied by a nonrefundable permit application fee, that will include the following information:
(1) 
Company name and address.
(2) 
Name(s) of corporate officer(s) authorized to sign the application and full contact information for those individuals signing on behalf of the institution.
(3) 
State of incorporation.
(4) 
Name of the institution's designated official responsible for compliance with this regulation (this is most often the designated biosafety officer, as defined in the NIH Guidelines).
(5) 
Designation of the appropriate biosafety levels (as defined in this regulation) for all laboratory areas, which are consistent with the NIH Guidelines or BMBL for all IBC-approved protocols. This designation should be reflected in the IBC minutes before work commences in the permitted facility or, at latest, no more than 30 days after work commences.
(6) 
Copy of a completed biosafety manual (first application only). Copies of updated biosafety manual(s) are to be submitted upon annual permit renewal.
(7) 
Floor plans showing laboratory areas (first application only). All biosafety containment, biosafety levels, and designated waste storage areas should be indicated. Updated floor plans to reflect any changes in assigned biosafety level or expansion of laboratory areas shall be submitted upon annual permit renewal.
(8) 
An emergency response plan for the purpose of orienting Town of Plainville representatives, including, but not limited to, the Board of Health, Fire and Police Departments, to the physical plant and to procedures to be utilized in the event of an emergency. This documentation must include a floor plan showing the internal layout of the facility with specific biological containment and non-biological laboratory areas, biological waste storage areas, and biological waste removal routes clearly indicated. Amendments to this plan must be submitted as they are incorporated.
(9) 
Medical surveillance agreement. This service may be provided through the institution's internal clinical resources or through an independent third-party provider. A letter indicating the completion of a contractual agreement for provision of occupational medicine and medical surveillance services shall be submitted upon application and whenever the clinical provider of these services has changed thereafter.
(10) 
Reporting of releases or adverse events. In addition to the aforementioned requirements, each institution shall provide a written summary of any incidents or adverse event involving regulated biological agents that may have resulted in an exposure to a human pathogen within the facility or in the release of a human pathogen from the facility through wastewater or direct airborne release or through improper disposal of potentially contaminated solid waste. This report shall be sent to the Board of Health as soon as it is feasible, but not more than seven days from the date of the incident. Animal bites will be considered to represent potential human exposures, unless the animal was known to be free of infection and can be documented upon request.
(11) 
Submit project summaries or registration forms for all work involving regulated biological agents.
(12) 
Submit a copy of all minutes from IBC meetings held during the previous year. These minutes should provide sufficient detail to allow the Board of Health and its staff, members of the BBC, or professional consultants to understand the risk assessment or risk assignment process by which the IBC determined that all work approved by the committee would be conducted safely at the assigned biosafety level using corresponding safety practices and any additional special safety practices as specified by the IBC.
(13) 
Submit a detailed table of all protocols reviewed and approved by the IBC within the previous year, including, at a minimum, a listing of all biological agents utilized (e.g., host cell lines, biological vectors), any inserted gene sequences that would elevate risk (e.g., oncogenes), the BSLs assigned after IBC review and the rationale or guidance document upon which the selected BSL was based, and the name(s) of the principal investigator(s) who shall be responsible for each protocol.
(14) 
Submit a protocol for strain verification of all known human pathogens that are considered to be attenuated or noninfectious approved by the IBC within the previous year for use within the permitted facility, if any, or sufficient documentation to demonstrate that such a screening process has been completed by another laboratory, in order to ensure the proper characterization of the virulence, replication competence, and extent of resistance to therapeutic antibiotics.
C. 
Permit renewal application and fees are to be submitted on or before December 1 for the following year beginning January 1. A permit shall remain in force and effect unless and until it is revoked by the Board of Health pursuant to any of these regulations. All permits are issued for the period of January 1 through December 31.
(1) 
At the time of the initial permit application or request to the Board, the applicant shall pay a plan review fee to the Town of Plainville. The rate will be set by the Board.
(2) 
After approval by the Board of Health, the applicant shall submit an annual permit fee and required documentation as described in this section. The fee for a permit granted by the Board of Health or annual renewal thereof shall be determined by the Board of Health.
(3) 
Each institution seeking permit approval in the Town of Plainville shall certify and attest to its understanding that it shall:
(a) 
Conform to the NIH Guidelines.
(b) 
Conform to the biosafety standards established in the BMBL.
(c) 
Conform to other conditions set forth in this regulation.
(d) 
Conform to any special or specific requirements designated by the Town as a condition of permit approval.
(e) 
Allow access for site inspection of facilities and pertinent records by the Board of Health or its designees if deemed necessary.
A. 
Institutions seeking such a permit from the Board of Health shall establish an IBC. The IBC shall be composed as described in the NIH Guidelines with a minimum of five members. In addition, to ensure that all facilities engaged in research or manufacturing involving regulated biological agents are conforming to the NIH Guidelines and the BMBL, the Board of Health will appoint one member to each IBC. This appointed member shall be the Chairman of the Board of Health or its designee. In addition, each IBC will also be required to identify a second non-institutional member, as required by the NIH Guidelines. The IBC is required to meet no less than once a year, and all minutes of the IBC meetings must be forwarded to the Board of Health as instructed.
B. 
A complete roster of all IBC members, including names, home addresses, phone numbers, email addresses and resumes or curriculum vitae (CVs), including institutional and community members, shall be maintained and submitted upon initial application or within 30 days after submission of a completed application. An updated roster of IBC members, with resumes or CVs of new members (community or institutional) appointed to the IBC since the previous roster submission, shall be provided with IBC minutes and other required annual documentation.
C. 
Information sent by the IBC to the Board of Health shall not contain proprietary information and/or trade secrets. Full documentation of IBC reviews and determinations shall remain on file in the records of the institution for inspection by authorized individuals.
D. 
If an IBC is not established, the Plainville Board of Health reserves the right to establish a Biosafety Committee.
Uses of BSL-3 and BSL-4 materials shall be prohibited in the Town of Plainville.
A. 
Applicability. The Board of Health may determine that the review of the permit or the activities of the institution or the IBC warrants the use of outside consultants. Such consultants shall assist the Board of Health or the IBC in overseeing all activities to which this regulation applies (e.g., review reports, applications and recommendations from the IBC where appropriate).
B. 
Selection. The Board of Health shall provide a list of three proposed consultants together with a scope of work and cost estimate to the institution. The institution shall have at least seven days to accept one of the proposed consultants or object on grounds that the proposed consultants have a conflict of interest or do not possess the minimum qualifications of an appropriate educational degree and three or more years of practice in, or closely related to, the field at issue. In such an event, the institution and the Board of Health shall endeavor to mutually agree upon a consultant within seven days and should an impasse remain, to arbitrate the same through established state conflict resolution processes.
C. 
Special account. The institution shall deposit with the Town of Plainville BOH the amount of money agreed upon as necessary for the consultant to complete its assignment. Such funds shall be deposited into a special account to be established by the Town in accordance with MGL c. 44, § 53G. Expenditures from this special account may be made at the direction of the Board of Health without further appropriation, but only in connection with the review of a specific project for which a consultant review fee has been collected. An additional fee shall be deposited as mutually agreed upon if the amount deposited is insufficient to complete the assignment. Any unexpended balance, including all accrued interest from the date of deposit, shall be repaid to the applicant or its successor-in-interest at the completion of the consultant's services.
It shall be a violation when the institution does not follow these guidelines or the conditions of operation under the permit.
Institutions shall report to the Board of Health, no later than 30 days but as soon as the institution is aware of the violation, any violations of the guidelines or conditions of operation under their permit. Any release that results in a potential hazard to employees or public health shall be reported immediately to the Board of Health (by calling the Health Department during normal Town Hall hours or by calling the Police Department outside of normal Town Hall hours and then the Police Department will contact an agent of the Board of Health). The Health Director or designee will then determine who shall be notified of the release to start any procedures necessary as outlined in the Town's Comprehensive Emergency Management Plan.
Violation of these regulations shall subject the institution to a fine of $300 for each separate violation under the noncriminal disposition procedure pursuant to MGL c. 40, § 21D, and/or court action. Each day that a violation continues shall be considered a separate offense and shall be subject to a separate fine. In addition, the facility in which the violation occurs may be closed by the Board of Health. The Board of Health shall also have the right to enforce these regulations through an equitable action in a court of competent jurisdiction.
Enforcement of this regulation shall be the responsibility of the Board of Health and/or its agent. The Board of Health may also deem any violation of this regulation, as it may be amended by the Board of Health, to be a nuisance pursuant to MGL ch. 111 and may take such action as it deems proper. In addition to any other penalties set forth herein, the Board of Health, after notice to the permit holder and an opportunity for the permit holder to be heard, may revoke, in whole or in part, any permit granted hereunder if it finds the permit holder has violated any provisions of this regulation.
Variances from these regulations may be authorized by a two-thirds vote of the Board of Health (after notice and public hearing) if determined that the relief sought will not be detrimental or injurious to public health.
Each part of this regulation is construed as separate to the end, and that if any section item, sentence, clause, or phrase is held invalid for any reason, the remainder of this regulation shall continue in full force and effect.
These regulations become effective upon adoption.