In all areas of special flood hazard, compliance with the applicable
requirements of the Uniform Construction Code (N.J.A.C. 5:23) and
the following standards, whichever is more restrictive, is required:
A. Anchoring.
(1) All new construction and substantial improvements shall be anchored
to prevent flotation, collapse, or lateral movement of the structure.
(2) All manufactured homes to be placed or substantially improved shall
be anchored to resist flotation, collapse or lateral movement. Methods
of anchoring may include, but are not to be limited to, use of over-the-top
or frame ties to ground anchors. This requirement is in addition to
applicable state and local anchoring requirements for resisting wind
forces.
B. Construction materials and methods.
(1) All new construction and substantial improvements shall be constructed
with materials and utility equipment resistant to flood damage.
(2) All new construction and substantial improvements shall be constructed
using methods and practices that minimize flood damage.
C. Utilities.
(1) All new and replacement water supply systems shall be designed to
minimize or eliminate infiltration of floodwaters into the system;
(2) New and replacement sanitary sewage systems shall be designed to
minimize or eliminate infiltration of floodwaters into the systems
and discharge from the systems into floodwaters;
(3) On-site waste disposal systems shall be located to avoid impairment
to them or contamination from them during flooding; and
(4) For all new construction and substantial improvements the electrical,
heating, ventilation, plumbing and air-conditioning equipment and
other service facilities shall be designed and certified by a New
Jersey licensed design professional and located above the required
freeboard so as to prevent water from entering or accumulating within
the components during conditions of flooding.
D. Subdivision proposals.
(1) All subdivision proposals and other proposed new development shall
be consistent with the need to minimize flood damage;
(2) All subdivision proposals and other proposed new development shall
have public utilities and facilities such as sewer, gas, electrical,
and water systems located and constructed to minimize flood damage;
(3) All subdivision proposals and other proposed new development shall
have adequate drainage provided to reduce exposure to flood damage;
and
(4) Base flood elevation data shall be provided for subdivision proposals
and other proposed new development which contain at least 50 lots
or five acres (whichever is less).
E. Enclosure openings.
(1) All new construction and substantial improvements having fully enclosed
areas below the lowest floor that are usable solely for parking of
vehicles, building access or storage in an area other than a basement
and which are subject to flooding shall be designed to automatically
equalize hydrostatic flood forces on exterior walls by allowing for
the entry and exit of floodwaters. Designs for meeting this requirement
must either be certified by a registered professional engineer or
architect or must meet or exceed the following minimum criteria:
(a)
A minimum of two openings in at least two exterior walls of
each enclosed area, having a total net area of not less than one square
inch for every square foot of enclosed area subject to flooding shall
be provided.
(b)
The bottom of all openings shall be no higher than one foot
above grade.
(2) Openings may be equipped with screens, louvers, or other covering
or devices, provided that they permit the automatic entry and exit
of floodwaters.
In all areas of special flood hazard where base flood elevation data have been provided as set forth in §
181-7, Basis for establishing areas of special flood hazard or in §
181-14B, Use of other base flood data, the following standards are required:
A. Residential construction.
(1) For Coastal A Zone construction, see §
181-18, Coastal high hazard area and Coastal A Zone.
(2) New construction and substantial improvement of any residential structure
located in an AE-9 Zone shall have the lowest floor, including basement,
together with the attendant utilities (including all electrical, heating,
ventilating, air-conditioning and other service equipment) and sanitary
facilities, elevated at or above the base flood elevation or as required
by ASCE/SEI 24-14, Table 2-1, or the best available flood hazard data
elevation, whichever is more restrictive, plus three feet;
(3) New construction and substantial improvement of any residential structure
located in an A or AE Zone (other than the AE-9 Zone) shall have the
lowest floor, including basement, together with the attendant utilities
(including all electrical, heating, ventilating, air-conditioning
and other service equipment) and sanitary facilities, elevated at
or above the base flood elevation, or as required by ASCE/SEI 24-14,
Table 2-1, or the best available flood hazard data elevation, plus
two feet;
(4) New construction and substantial improvement of any residential structure
located in a Shaded X zone shall comply with the requirements of the
AE-9 Zone noted above;
(5) Require within any AO or AH Zone on the municipality's DFIRM that
all new construction and substantial improvement of any residential
structure shall have the lowest floor, including basement, together
with all attendant utilities and sanitary facilities, elevated above
the depth number specified in feet plus two feet above the highest
adjacent grade (at least three feet if no depth number is specified)
or at or above the best available flood elevation data plus two feet,
whichever is more restrictive, and require adequate drainage paths
around structures on slopes to guide floodwaters around and away from
proposed structures.
B. Nonresidential construction. In an area of special flood hazard, all new construction and substantial improvement of any commercial, industrial or other nonresidential structure located in an A or AE Zone (for Coastal A Zone construction see §
181-18, Coastal high hazard area and Coastal A Zone) shall have the lowest floor, including basement, together with the attendant utilities and sanitary facilities as well as all electrical, heating, ventilating, air-conditioning and other service equipment:
(1) Either:
(a)
Elevated to or above the base flood elevation plus two feet
or the best available flood hazard data elevation plus two feet or
as required by ASCE/SEI 24-14, Table 2-1, whichever is more restrictive;
and
(b)
Require within any AO or AH Zone on the municipality's DFIRM
to elevate above the depth number specified in feet plus two feet
above the highest adjacent grade (at least three feet if no depth
number is specified) or at or above the best available flood hazard
data elevation data plus two feet, whichever is more restrictive,
and require adequate drainage paths around structures on slopes to
guide floodwaters around and away from proposed structures;
(2) Or:
(a)
Be floodproofed so that below the base flood level plus two
feet, or as required by ASCE/SEI 24-14, Table 2-1, or at or above
the best available flood elevation data plus two feet, whichever is
more restrictive, the structure is watertight with walls substantially
impermeable to the passage of water;
(b)
Have structural components capable of resisting hydrostatic
and hydrodynamic loads and effects of buoyancy; and
(c)
Be certified by a registered professional engineer or architect that the design and methods of construction are in accordance with accepted standards of practice for meeting the applicable provisions of this subsection. Such certification shall be provided to the official as set forth in §
181-14C(2)(b).
C. Manufactured homes.
(1) Manufactured homes shall be anchored in accordance with §
181-16A(2).
(2) All manufactured homes to be placed or substantially improved within
an area of special flood hazard shall:
(a)
Be consistent with the need to minimize flood damage;
(b)
Be constructed to minimize flood damage;
(c)
Have adequate drainage provided to reduce exposure to flood
damage;
(d)
Be elevated on a permanent foundation such that the top of the
lowest floor is elevated to or above the base flood elevation or the
best available flood hazard data elevation plus two feet or as required
by ASCE/SEI 24-14, Table 2-1, whichever is more restrictive; and
(e)
The manufactured home chassis is supported by reinforced piers
or other foundation elements of at least equivalent strength that
are no less than 36 inches in height above grade and be securely anchored
to an adequately anchored foundation system to resist flotation, collapse,
and lateral movement.
Coastal high hazard areas (V or VE Zones) and Coastal A Zones are located within the areas of special flood hazard established in §
181-7. These areas have special flood hazards associated with high velocity waters from tidal surges and hurricane wave wash; therefore, the following provisions shall apply:
A. Location of structures.
(1) All buildings or structures shall be located landward of the reach
of the mean high tide.
(2) The placement of manufactured homes shall be prohibited, except in
an existing manufactured home park or subdivision.
B. Construction methods.
(1) Elevation. All new construction and substantial improvements shall
be elevated on piling or columns so that:
(a)
The bottom of the lowest horizontal structural member of the
lowest floor (excluding the piling or columns) is elevated to or above
the base flood elevation plus two feet or as required by the ASCE/SEI
24-14, Table 4-1, or the best available flood hazard data, whichever
is more restrictive;
(b)
All electrical, heating, ventilating, air-conditioning, mechanical
equipment and other equipment servicing the building is elevated two
feet above the base flood elevation or the best available flood hazard
data elevation, whichever is more restrictive; and
(c)
With all space below the lowest floor's supporting member open so as not to impede the flow of water, except for breakaway walls as provided or in §
181-18B(4).
(2) Structural support.
(a)
All new construction and substantial improvements shall be securely
anchored on piling or columns.
(b)
The pile or column foundation and structure attached thereto
shall be anchored to resist flotation, collapse or lateral movement
due to the effects of wind and water loading values each of which
shall have a one percent chance of being equaled or exceeded in any
given year (one-hundred-year mean recurrence interval).
(c)
Prohibit the use of fill for structural support of buildings
within Zones V1-30, VE, V, and Coastal A on the community's DFIRM.
(3) Certification. A registered professional engineer or architect shall develop or review the structural design specifications and plans for the construction and shall certify that the design and methods of construction to be used are in accordance with accepted standards of practice for compliance with the provisions of §
181-18B(1) and
B(2)(a) and
(b).
(4) Space below the lowest floor.
(a)
Any alteration, repair, reconstruction or improvement to a structure
started after the enactment of this chapter shall not enclose the
space below the lowest floor unless breakaway walls, open wood latticework
or insect screening are used as provided for in this section.
(b)
Breakaway walls, open wood latticework or insect screening shall
be allowed below the base flood elevation, provided that they are
intended to collapse under wind and water loads without causing collapse,
displacement or other structural damage to the elevated portion of
the building or supporting foundation system. Breakaway walls shall
be designed for a safe loading resistance of not less than 10 and
no more than 20 pounds per square foot. Use of breakaway walls which
exceed a design safe loading of 20 pounds per square foot (either
by design or when so required by local or state codes) may be permitted
only if a registered professional engineer or architect certifies
that the designs proposed meet the following conditions.
[1]
Breakaway wall collapse shall result from a water load less
than that which would occur during the base flood; and
[2]
The elevated portion of the building and supporting foundation
system shall not be subject to collapse, displacement or other structural
damage due to the effects of wind and water load acting simultaneously
on all building components (structural and nonstructural). Water loading
values used shall be those associated with the base flood. Wind loading
values used shall be those required by applicable state or local building
standards.
[3]
If breakaway walls are utilized, such enclosed space shall be
used solely for parking of vehicles, building access, or storage and
not for human habitation and shall not exceed 300 square feet.
[4]
Prior to construction, plans for any breakaway wall must be
submitted to the Construction Code Official or Building Subcode Official
for approval.
(5) Sand dunes. Man-made alteration of sand dunes within Coastal A Zones,
VE and V Zones on the community's DFIRM which would increase potential
flood damage is prohibited.